濼

See also: 泊 and 泺

濼 U+6FFC, 濼 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6FFC ← 濻 [U+6FFB] CJK Unified Ideographs 濽 → [U+6FFD]

Translingual

Han character

濼 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+15, 18 strokes, cangjie input 水女戈木 (EVID), four-corner 3219₄, composition ⿰氵樂)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 658, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18563
• Dae Jaweon: page 1068, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1779, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6FFC

Chinese

trad.		濼
simp.		泺
alternative forms		泊 “lake” 𤄶 𤃸

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 濼
Shang	Western Zhou	Spring and Autumn	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (樂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
樂	*ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ
轢	*raːd, *raːwɢ, *reːwɢ
濼	*pqʰlaːwɢ, *raːwɢ, *reːwɢ, *pqʰloːwɢ, *roːwɢ, *roːwɢ
躒	*raːwɢ, *reːwɢ
擽	*rawɢ, *reːwɢ
爍	*qʰljawɢ
鑠	*qʰljawɢ
藥	*lawɢ
櫟	*lawɢ, *reːwɢ
纅	*lawɢ
礫	*reːwɢ
瓅	*reːwɢ
皪	*reːwɢ
觻	*reːwɢ, *roːwɢ
嚛	*qʰloːwɢ, *qʰloːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pqʰlaːwɢ, *raːwɢ, *reːwɢ, *pqʰloːwɢ, *roːwɢ, *roːwɢ): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 樂 (OC *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pō, bó, pò (po¹, bo², po⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄛ, ㄅㄛˊ, ㄆㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bok⁶ / pok³ / baak³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pō
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄛ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: po
    • Wade–Giles: pʻo¹
    • Yale: pwō
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: po
    • Palladius: по (po)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bó
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bó
    • Wade–Giles: po²
    • Yale: bwó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
    • Palladius: бо (bo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pò
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pò
    • Wade–Giles: pʻo⁴
    • Yale: pwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: poh
    • Palladius: по (po)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
    • Jyutping: bok⁶ / pok³ / baak³
    • Yale: bohk / pok / baak
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bok⁹ / pok⁸ / baak⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: bog⁶ / pog³ / bag³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔːk̚²/, /pʰɔːk̚³/, /paːk̚³/

---

• Middle Chinese: phuwk, phak

Rime
Character	濼	濼
Reading #	2/6	5/6
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	屋 (3)	鐸 (104)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	普木切	匹各切
Baxter	phuwk	phak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰuk̚/	/pʰwɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰuk̚/	/pʰʷɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰuk̚/	/pʰuɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰəwk̚/	/pʰwak̚/
Li Rong	/pʰuk̚/	/pʰuɑk̚/
Wang Li	/pʰuk̚/	/pʰuɑk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pʰuk̚/	/pʰwɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pu	po
Expected Cantonese Reflex	puk1	pok3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pqʰlaːwɢ/, /*pqʰloːwɢ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	濼	濼
Reading #	1/6	4/6
No.	7672	7693
Phonetic component	樂	樂
Rime group	藥	藥
Rime subdivision	1	3
Corresponding MC rime	𩔈	扑
Old Chinese	/*pqʰlaːwɢ/	/*pqʰloːwɢ/

Definitions

濼

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 泊 (“lake”)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): luò (luo⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lok⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: luò
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: luò
    • Wade–Giles: lo⁴
    • Yale: lwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luoh
    • Palladius: ло (lo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
    • Jyutping: lok⁶
    • Yale: lohk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lok⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: log⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔːk̚²/

---

• Middle Chinese: lak

Rime
Character	濼
Reading #	4/6
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	盧各切
Baxter	lak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lak̚/
Li Rong	/lɑk̚/
Wang Li	/lɑk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/lɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lok6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤawk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*raːwɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	濼
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	luò
Middle Chinese	‹ lowk ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ˁawk/
English	(name of a river)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	濼
Reading #	2/6
No.	7676
Phonetic component	樂
Rime group	藥
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	落
Old Chinese	/*raːwɢ/

Definitions

濼

1. A river in Shandong province, see 濼水／泺水.

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lù (lu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): luk⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lù
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lù
    • Wade–Giles: lu⁴
    • Yale: lù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luh
    • Palladius: лу (lu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
    • Jyutping: luk⁶
    • Yale: luhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: luk⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: lug⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lʊk̚²/

---

• Middle Chinese: luwk, lowk

Rime
Character	濼	濼
Reading #	1/6	3/6
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	屋 (3)	沃 (6)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	盧谷切	盧毒切
Baxter	luwk	lowk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/luk̚/	/luok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/luk̚/	/luok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/luk̚/	/lok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ləwk̚/	/lawk̚/
Li Rong	/luk̚/	/lok̚/
Wang Li	/luk̚/	/luok̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/luk̚/	/luok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lù	lù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	luk6	luk6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*roːwɢ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	濼	濼
Reading #	5/6	6/6
No.	7695	7697
Phonetic component	樂	樂
Rime group	藥	藥
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	禄	濼
Old Chinese	/*roːwɢ/	/*roːwɢ/

Definitions

濼

1. name of a river

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lì (li⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lik¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lì
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lì
    • Wade–Giles: li⁴
    • Yale: lì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lih
    • Palladius: ли (li)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
    • Jyutping: lik¹
    • Yale: līk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lik⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: lig¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɪk̚⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: lek

Rime
Character	濼
Reading #	6/6
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	錫 (127)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	郎擊切
Baxter	lek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lek̚/
Pan Wuyun	/lek̚/
Shao Rongfen	/lɛk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɛjk̚/
Li Rong	/lek̚/
Wang Li	/liek̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/liek̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lik6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*reːwɢ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	濼
Reading #	3/6
No.	7691
Phonetic component	樂
Rime group	藥
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	靂
Old Chinese	/*reːwɢ/
Notes	見爾雅

Definitions

濼

1. A herb used in Chinese medicine, see 貫眾／贯众 (guànzhòng)

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B02333
• “濼”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

濼

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): ろく (roku)、ほく (hoku)

Vietnamese

Han character

濼: Hán Nôm readings: lạc

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.