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郎
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: 郞
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Translingual
Han character
郎 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 戈戈弓中 (IINL), four-corner 37727, composition ⿰良阝)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1271, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39405
- Dae Jaweon: page 1770, character 25
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3770, character 8
- Unihan data for U+90CE
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Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *raːŋ): phonetic 良 (OC *raŋ) + semantic 邑 (“county; town”).
Etymology 1
STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b/m-laŋ (“penis; male; husband”), including Burmese လင် (lang, “husband”) as a descendant.
However, Zev Handel considers comparison to this root to be improbable since the meaning of "husband; young man" is not attested in early texts. These senses seem to develop from "an official's title", which was a metonymic extension of "veranda or corridor (of a palace or mansion)" (later written as 廊) (Schuessler, 2007). Schuessler (2007) suggests that the Burmese word is a loan from Chinese.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): long4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): lon1
- Northern Min (KCR): sô̤ng / lô̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): lòng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6laon
- Xiang
- (Changsha, Wiktionary): lan2
- (Hengyang, Wiktionary): lan2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: láng
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄤˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: láng
- Wade–Giles: lang2
- Yale: láng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lang
- Palladius: лан (lan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɑŋ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: nang2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lang
- Sinological IPA (key): /naŋ²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: лон (lon, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɑŋ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: long4
- Yale: lòhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: long4
- Guangdong Romanization: long4
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɔːŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: long3
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɔŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: long4
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɔŋ³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lòng
- Hakka Romanization System: longˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: long2
- Sinological IPA: /loŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: lon1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /lɒ̃¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sô̤ng / lô̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɔŋ³³/, /lɔŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
Note:
- sô̤ng - vernacular (“son-in-law”);
- lô̤ng - literary (e.g. 新郎).
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: lòng
- Sinological IPA (key): /l̃ouŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- nn̂g - vernacular;
- lông/lâng - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: neng5 / lang5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nṳ̂ng / lâng
- Sinological IPA (key): /nɯŋ⁵⁵/, /laŋ⁵⁵/
- (Teochew)
- neng5 - vernacular;
- lang5 - literary.
Note:
Note:
- Middle Chinese: lang
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.rˤaŋ/, /*rˤaŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*raːŋ/
Definitions
郎
- (historical) an official's title
- (archaic, laudatory) man; male adult
- (archaic) A term of address used by women for their husband or lover: darling; love
- (archaic) A term of address used by servants for their master: sir; master
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) father [Northern Dynasties]
- young person
- someone else's son
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) soldier [Ming–Qing]
- (dated) man of a particular occupation
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) A term of address for a poor, lowly person. [Yuan–Ming]
- (literary or dialectal Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Gan, Xiang, Northern Min) son-in-law (daughter's husband)
Synonyms
Compounds
- 一大郎當 / 一大郎当
- 三影郎中
- 三郎爺爺 / 三郎爷爷
- 不郎不秀 (bùlángbùxiù)
- 中郎 (zhōngláng)
- 中郎將 / 中郎将 (zhōnglángjiàng)
- 二郎 (Èrláng)
- 二郎神 (Èrlángshén)
- 二郎腿 (èrlángtuǐ)
- 仙郎
- 令郎 (lìngláng)
- 伴郎 (bànláng)
- 佛郎機 / 佛郎机 (fólángjī)
- 侍郎 (shìláng)
- 傅粉何郎
- 傅粉郎
- 兔女郎 (tùnǚláng)
- 兒郎 / 儿郎 (érláng)
- 八郎
- 公郎
- 前度劉郎 / 前度刘郎 (qiándùliúláng)
- 十郎八當 / 十郎八当
- 午夜牛郎
- 博郎鼓
- 吊兒郎當 / 吊儿郎当
- 吉普女郎
- 周郎
- 周郎癖
- 周郎顧曲 / 周郎顾曲
- 員外郎 / 员外郎
- 噴火女郎 / 喷火女郎
- 囊溫郎當 / 囊温郎当
- 四郎探母
- 外郎
- 夜郎 (Yèláng)
- 夜郎自大 (yèlángzìdà)
- 大郎
- 天壤王郎
- 女貌郎才
- 女郎 (nǚláng)
- 如意郎君 (rúyìlángjūn)
- 妙齡女郎 / 妙龄女郎
- 孫郎 / 孙郎 (Sūnláng)
- 宣議郎 / 宣议郎
- 封面女郎
- 將仕郎 / 将仕郎
- 小郎
- 少年郎
- 尚書郎 / 尚书郎 (shàngshūláng)
- 巖郎 / 岩郎
- 巴郎鼓
- 弟郎
- 彭郎磯 / 彭郎矶
- 情郎 (qíngláng)
- 慢郎中
- 應召女郎 / 应召女郎 (yìngzhào nǚláng)
- 打魚郎 / 打鱼郎
- 拼命三郎 (pīnmìng sānláng)
- 挽歌郎
- 探花郎
- 摩登女郎
- 播郎鼓
- 擲果潘郎 / 掷果潘郎
- 支郎
- 新郎 (xīnláng)
- 新郎君
- 新郎官 (xīnlángguān)
- 村郎
- 林郎
- 桃太郎 (Táotàiláng)
- 校書郎 / 校书郎
- 棹郎
- 檀郎
- 檀郎謝女 / 檀郎谢女
- 歌郎
- 武大郎
- 江湖郎中
- 江郎才盡 / 江郎才尽 (jiānglángcáijìn)
- 法郎
- 海郎
- 漁郎 / 渔郎
- 潔郎 / 洁郎
- 潘郎
- 潘郎車滿 / 潘郎车满
- 灌口二郎
- 烏衣郎 / 乌衣郎
- 牙郎 (yáláng)
- 牛郎 (niúláng)
- 牛郎織女 / 牛郎织女
- 玉貌潘郎
- 玉郎
- 田舍郎
- 白面書郎 / 白面书郎
- 白髮郎潛 / 白发郎潜
- 粉郎
- 老郎
- 老郎庵
- 老郎神
- 芒郎
- 花郎
- 著作郎
- 蔡中郎
- 蕭郎 / 萧郎 (xiāoláng)
- 薄情郎
- 行郎
- 諸葛四郎 / 诸葛四郎
- 議郎 / 议郎 (yìláng)
- 貨郎 / 货郎 (huòláng)
- 貨郎兒 / 货郎儿
- 貨郎擔兒 / 货郎担儿 (huòlángdànr)
- 貨郎鼓 / 货郎鼓
- 賓郎 / 宾郎 (bīnláng)
- 賢郎 / 贤郎
- 郎中 (lángzhōng)
- 郎主
- 郎伯
- 郎個 / 郎个
- 郎君 (lángjūn)
- 郎子
- 郎官
- 郎心如鐵 / 郎心如铁
- 郎才女姿
- 郎才女貌
- 郎潛白髮 / 郎潜白发
- 郎當 / 郎当 (lángdāng)
- 郎窯 / 郎窑
- 郎署
- 郎舅
- 郎貓 / 郎猫 (lángmāo)
- 鐵索郎當 / 铁索郎当
- 鐵衣郎 / 铁衣郎
- 阻街女郎
- 阿郎
- 阿郎雜碎 / 阿郎杂碎
- 阿里郎 (Ālǐláng)
- 顧曲周郎 / 顾曲周郎
- 風塵女郎 / 风尘女郎
- 馬郎 / 马郎 (mǎláng)
- 魯齋郎 / 鲁斋郎
- 黃頭郎 / 黄头郎
Descendants
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: Láng
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄤˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Láng
- Wade–Giles: Lang2
- Yale: Láng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Lang
- Palladius: Лан (Lan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: long4
- Yale: lòhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: long4
- Guangdong Romanization: long4
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɔːŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: long3
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɔŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Lòng
- Hakka Romanization System: longˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: long2
- Sinological IPA: /loŋ¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: lang
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*raːŋ/
Definitions
郎
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: làng
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄤˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: làng
- Wade–Giles: lang4
- Yale: làng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lanq
- Palladius: лан (lan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: long4
- Yale: lòhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: long4
- Guangdong Romanization: long4
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɔːŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: long3
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɔŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lông
- Tâi-lô: lông
- Phofsit Daibuun: loong
- IPA (Xiamen): /lɔŋ²⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: lang6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lăng
- Sinological IPA (key): /laŋ³⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
Definitions
郎
References
- “郎”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
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Japanese
| 郎 | |
| 郞 |
Kanji
郎
(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 郞)
Readings
Suffix
- suffixes certain male names
- 鷲郎 ― Washirō
- 太郎 ― Tarō (literally, “great (1st) son”)
- 一郎 ― Ichirō (literally, “1st son”)
- 二郎 ― Jirō (literally, “2nd son”)
- 次郎 ― Jirō (literally, “next son”)
- 三郎 ― Saburō (literally, “3rd son”)
- 桃太郎 ― Momotarō
- 小三郎 ― Kosaburō
- 源三郎 ― Genzaburō
- 四郎 ― Shirō (literally, “4th son”)
- 総一郎 ― Sōichirō
- 小四郎 ― Koshirō
- 五郎 ― Gorō (literally, “5th son”)
- 小五郎 ― Kogorō
- 六郎 ― Rokurō (literally, “6th son”)
- 七郎 ― Shichirō (literally, “7th son”)
- 八郎 ― Hachirō (literally, “8th son”)
- 九郎 ― Kurō (literally, “9th son”)
- 十郎 ― Jūrō (literally, “10th son”)
See also
Korean
Hanja
郎 (eumhun 사내 랑 (sanae rang), word-initial (South Korea) 사내 낭 (sanae nang))
Vietnamese
Han character
郎: Hán Nôm readings: lang, lặng, lảng, loang, sang, loen, loẻn
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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