警

See also: 儆

警 U+8B66, 警 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8B66 ← 譥 [U+8B65] CJK Unified Ideographs 譧 → [U+8B67]

Translingual

Han character

警 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+13 in traditional Chinese, 言+12 in simplified Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 20 strokes in traditional Chinese, 19 strokes in simplified Chinese and Japanese and Korean, cangjie input 廿大卜一口 (TKYMR), four-corner 4860₁, composition ⿱敬言)

Derived characters

• 𫬺

Related characters

• 儆

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1183, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35989
• Dae Jaweon: page 1645, character 30
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4017, character 4
• Unihan data for U+8B66

Chinese

trad.		警
simp. #		警
2nd round simp.		⿰忄井

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 警
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (敬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蟼	*kraː, *kreŋ, *kreŋʔ
憼	*kaŋʔ, *kreŋʔ
驚	*kreŋ
警	*kreŋʔ
儆	*kreŋʔ, *ɡreŋs
璥	*keŋʔ
檠	*kreŋʔ, *ɡreŋ, *ɡreŋs
敬	*kreŋs
擎	*ɡreŋ
曔	*ɡreŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kreŋʔ): phonetic 敬 (OC *kreŋs) + semantic 言 (“spoken language, speech”).

Etymology

Cognate with 驚 (OC *kreŋ, “to be afraid; to scare”) (Schuessler, 2007); the sense "to be on guard" is the endoactive of 驚 (OC *kreŋ). See there for more.

儆 (OC *kreŋʔ, *ɡreŋs, “to warn; to guard against”) is the same word.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): jǐng (jing³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥˇ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jin³

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): jìng

  (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): jǐn

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ging²

  (Dongguan, Jyutping++): geang²

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): gen²

• Gan (Wiktionary): jin³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kín

  (Hailu, HRS): gin^ˊ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): gin³

• Jin (Wiktionary): jing²
• Northern Min (KCR): gěng
• Eastern Min (BUC): gīng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ging⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kèng / kéng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gêng⁶ / gêng²

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ging²

• Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): giang²
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵cin / ³cin
  • (Jinhua): ³cin
• Xiang

  (Changsha, Wiktionary): jin³

  (Loudi, Wiktionary): jin³

  (Hengyang, Wiktionary): jin³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jǐng
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jǐng
    • Wade–Giles: ching³
    • Yale: jǐng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiing
    • Palladius: цзин (czin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: jin³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gin
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵³/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: jìng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵³/
  • (Nanjing)
    • Nanjing Pinyin: jǐn
    • Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): jin³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕĩ¹¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ging²
    • Yale: gíng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ging²
    • Guangdong Romanization: ging²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɪŋ³⁵/
  • (Dongguan, Guancheng)
    • Jyutping++: geang²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kəŋ³⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: gen²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ken⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: jin³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kín
    • Hakka Romanization System: gin^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gin³
    • Sinological IPA: /kin³¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: gin^ˊ
    • Sinological IPA: /kin²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: gin³
    • Sinological IPA: /kin³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: jing²
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵³/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gěng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /keiŋ²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gīng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiŋ³³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ging⁴
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gi̍ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiŋ⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kèng
    • Tâi-lô: kìng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kexng
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ¹¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kéng
    • Tâi-lô: kíng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: keang
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kiɪŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gêng⁶ / gêng²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kĕng / kéng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /keŋ³⁵/, /keŋ⁵²/

Note: gêng2 - Jieyang, Chaoyang.

• • (Leizhou)
    • Leizhou Pinyin: ging²
    • Sinological IPA: /kiŋ³¹/
• Southern Pinghua
  • (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
    • Jyutping++: giang²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiɐŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Songjiang)
    • Wugniu: ⁵cin
    • MiniDict: cin^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²jin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕin³⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /ciŋ³⁵/
  • (Northern: Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
    • Wugniu: ³cin
    • MiniDict: cin^上
    • Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡ɕiŋ³⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /ciŋ⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡ɕin⁴²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡ɕin⁵¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡ɕin⁴³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡ɕin⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡ɕiŋ³³⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡ɕiŋ³²⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡ɕiŋ³⁵/
  • (Jinhua)
    • Wugniu: ³cin
    • Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵³⁵/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: jin³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁴¹/
  • (Loudi)
    • Wiktionary: jin³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁴²/
  • (Hengyang)
    • Wiktionary: jin³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: kjaengX

Rime
Character	警
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居影切
Baxter	kjaengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiæŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚiaŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/kiaŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kiajŋX/
Li Rong	/kiɐŋX/
Wang Li	/kĭɐŋX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ki̯ɐŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jǐng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ging2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kreŋʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kreŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	警
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jǐng
Middle Chinese	‹ kjaengX ›
Old Chinese	/*kreŋʔ/
English	warn, admonish
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	警
Reading #	1/1
No.	6879
Phonetic component	敬
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	警
Old Chinese	/*kreŋʔ/

Definitions

警

1. to warn; to admonish

   警告  ―  jǐnggào  ―  to warn

2. to be on the alert; to be vigilant

   警覺／警觉  ―  jǐngjué  ―  vigilance

3. intuitive; sharp; alert
4. aphoristic; epigrammatic; witty
5. alarm; alert; siren

   火警  ―  huǒjǐng  ―  fire alarm

6. short for 警察 (jǐngchá, “police”)

   警車／警车  ―  jǐngchē  ―  police car

   交通警 [Cantonese]  ―  gaau¹ tung¹ ging² [Jyutping]  ―  traffic police

Compounds

• 交警 (jiāojǐng)
• 以一警百
• 保安警察
• 便衣警察
• 保警
• 公路警察
• 出警入蹕 / 出警入跸
• 刑事警察 (xíngshì jǐngchá)
• 刑警 (xíngjǐng)
• 刑警隊 / 刑警队
• 制服警察
• 劣化警報 / 劣化警报
• 司法警察 (sīfǎ jǐngchá)
• 告警
• 員警 / 员警 (yuánjǐng)
• 報警 / 报警 (bàojǐng)
• 女警 (nǚjǐng)
• 察警
• 專業警察 / 专业警察
• 崗警 / 岗警
• 懲一警百 / 惩一警百 (chéngyījǐngbǎi)
• 拉警報 / 拉警报
• 振警愚頑 / 振警愚顽
• 撞警鐘 / 撞警钟
• 晏開之警 / 晏开之警
• 機警 / 机警 (jījǐng)
• 檢警合一 / 检警合一
• 武警 (wǔjǐng)
• 殲一警百 / 歼一警百
• 水上警察 (shuǐshàng jǐngchá)
• 法警 (fǎjǐng)
• 港警 (gǎngjǐng)
• 火警 (huǒjǐng)
• 煙火之警 / 烟火之警
• 特警 (tèjǐng)
• 犬吠之警
• 狗吠之警
• 獄警 / 狱警 (yùjǐng)
• 示警 (shìjǐng)
• 祕密警察 / 秘密警察 (mìmì jǐngchá)
• 空氣警報 / 空气警报
• 空襲警報 / 空袭警报
• 經濟警察 / 经济警察 (jīngjì jǐngchá)
• 緊急警報 / 紧急警报
• 義勇警察 / 义勇警察
• 義警 / 义警
• 行政警察
• 觸目警心 / 触目警心
• 誅一警百 / 诛一警百
• 警世 (jǐngshì)
• 警世通言
• 警世鐘 / 警世钟
• 警候
• 警備 / 警备 (jǐngbèi)
• 警備區 / 警备区
• 警備森嚴 / 警备森严
• 警兆
• 警動 / 警动
• 警務 / 警务 (jǐngwù)
• 警務處 / 警务处
• 警勤區 / 警勤区
• 警句 (jǐngjù)
• 警告 (jǐnggào)
• 警告啟事 / 警告启事
• 警告牌
• 警員 / 警员 (jǐngyuán)
• 警報 / 警报 (jǐngbào)
• 警報器 / 警报器 (jǐngbàoqì)
• 警官 (jǐngguān)
• 警官學校 / 警官学校
• 警察 (jǐngchá)
• 警察制度
• 警察勤務 / 警察勤务
• 警察學 / 警察学
• 警察學校 / 警察学校
• 警察局 (jǐngchájú)
• 警察權 / 警察权
• 警察節 / 警察节
• 警局 (jǐngjú)
• 警心滌慮 / 警心涤虑
• 警惕 (jǐngtì)
• 警戒 (jǐngjiè)
• 警戒線 / 警戒线 (jǐngjièxiàn)
• 警戒色
• 警探 (jǐngtàn)
• 警政
• 警政署
• 警暴 (jǐngbào)
• 警枕
• 警校 (jǐngxiào)
• 警械
• 警標 / 警标
• 警犬 (jǐngquǎn)
• 警眾 / 警众
• 警示 (jǐngshì)
• 警笛 (jǐngdí)
• 警策
• 警網 / 警网
• 警號 / 警号
• 警衛 / 警卫 (jǐngwèi)
• 警覺 / 警觉 (jǐngjué)
• 警角
• 警訊 / 警讯 (jǐngxùn)
• 警語 / 警语
• 警蹕 / 警跸
• 警車 / 警车 (jǐngchē)
• 警巡 (jǐngxún)
• 警醒 (jǐngxǐng)
• 警鈴 / 警铃 (jǐnglíng)
• 警鐘 / 警钟 (jǐngzhōng)
• 警鴿 / 警鸽
• 警鼓
• 跑警報 / 跑警报
• 路警
• 軍事警察 / 军事警察
• 軍法警察 / 军法警察
• 軍警 / 军警
• 巡警 (xúnjǐng)
• 違警 / 违警 (wéijǐng)
• 違警罰法 / 违警罚法
• 邊警 / 边警
• 鎮暴警察 / 镇暴警察
• 鐵路警察 / 铁路警察
• 門警 / 门警 (ménjǐng)
• 預警 / 预警 (yùjǐng)
• 颱風警報 / 台风警报
• 駐衛警察 / 驻卫警察
• 駐警 / 驻警
• 鶴警 / 鹤警

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 警

警

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. admonish
2. commandment

Readings

• Go-on: きょう (kyō)^{←きやう (kyau, historical)}
• Kan-on: けい (kei, Jōyō)
• Kun: いましめる (imashimeru, 警める)

Korean

Hanja

警 (eumhun 경계할 경 (gyeonggyehal gyeong))

1. hanja form^? of 경 (“guard, watch”)
2. hanja form^? of 경 (“alert, alarm”)

Compounds

• 경계 (警戒, gyeonggye, “being alert; vigilant”)
• 경호 (警護, gyeongho, “bodyguard”)

Vietnamese

Han character

警: Hán Nôm readings: cảnh

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.