貧寒

See also: 贫寒

Chinese

		poor	cold; poor; to tremble
trad. (貧寒)		貧	寒
simp. (贫寒)		贫	寒

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pínhán

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄣˊ ㄏㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pan⁴ hon⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phìn-hòn
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pîn-hân

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pínhán
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄣˊ ㄏㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pínhán
    • Wade–Giles: pʻin²-han²
    • Yale: pín-hán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pynharn
    • Palladius: пиньхань (pinʹxanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰin³⁵ xän³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: pan⁴ hon⁴
    • Yale: pàhn hòhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pan⁴ hon⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: pen⁴ hon⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɐn²¹ hɔːn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phìn-hòn
    • Hakka Romanization System: pin^ˇ hon^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: pin² hon²
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰin¹¹ hon¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pîn-hân
    • Tâi-lô: pîn-hân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pinhaan
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pin²⁴⁻²² han²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pin²⁴⁻²² han²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pin¹³⁻²² han¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pin²⁴⁻¹¹ han²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pin²³⁻³³ han²³/

Adjective

貧寒

1. poor; poverty-stricken; impoverished

Synonyms

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• 厄 (literary, or in compounds)
• 困乏 (kùnfá) (formal)
• 困窘 (kùnjiǒng)
• 困窮 / 困穷 (kùnqióng)
• 困苦 (kùnkǔ)
• 困難 / 困难
• 困頓 / 困顿 (kùndùn)
• 宋凶 (Hokkien)
• 散 (Hokkien)
• 散凶 (Hokkien)
• 散赤 (Hokkien)
• 清苦 (qīngkǔ) (especially of scholars and intellectuals)
• 淡薄 (dànbó) (literary)
• 清貧 / 清贫 (qīngpín) (especially of scholars and intellectuals)
• 㾪赤 (Hokkien)
• 磽 / 硗 (Teochew)
• 䆀康 (Hokkien)
• 空乏 (kòngfá) (literary)
• 窄
• 窘促 (jiǒngcù) (literary)
• 窘困 (jiǒngkùn)
• 窘迫 (jiǒngpò)
• 窮 / 穷 (qióng)
• 窮乏 / 穷乏 (qióngfá) (literary)
• 窮困 / 穷困 (qióngkùn)
• 窮㾪 / 穷㾪 (Hokkien)
• 窮苦 / 穷苦 (qióngkǔ)
• 窮赤 / 穷赤 (Hokkien)
• 艱苦 / 艰苦 (Hokkien)
• 苦寒 (kǔhán)
• 貧乏 / 贫乏 (pínfá)
• 貧困 / 贫困 (pínkùn)
• 貧瘠 / 贫瘠 (pínjí) (literary)
• 貧窮 / 贫穷 (pínqióng)
• 貧苦 / 贫苦 (pínkǔ)

Derived terms

• 家道貧寒 / 家道贫寒
• 貧寒出身 / 贫寒出身