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散

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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散 U+6563, 散
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6563
← 敢
[U+6562] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 敤 →
[U+6564]

Translingual

Han character

散 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿月人大 (TBOK), four-corner 48240, composition ⿰⿱龷月攵)

Derived characters

Descendants

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 472, character 34
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13265
  • Dae Jaweon: page 825, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1465, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+6563

Chinese

More information trad., simp. # ...

Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 散, Shang ...
Characters in the same phonetic series (散) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
More information Old Chinese ...

The original version visible on oracle bone script is 㪔, hence Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 林 (“trees, forest”) + 攴 (“to knock, to tap”), also written with hemp stalks 𣏟 (> 𢽳) or bamboo 竹 instead of two trees. The original meanings are "to clear a place from vegetation; to kill". The character later started meaning "to dissipate, to disperse" since bamboo in particular breaks easily into pieces; eventually, the meaning shifted to "to walk around, to stroll".

Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *saːnʔ, *saːns): semantic 肉 + phonetic 𢽳, written as 𣀙, in which 林 is well visible on top.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sjwar ~ g/b-sjwa-n/t (“flow; pour; scatter; spill; sow; broadcast”). Cognate with 撒 (OC *saːd, “to cast away; to let go”), 宣 (OC *sqʰon, “to spread; to proclaim”), Tibetan འཆོར་བ ('chor ba, “to escape; to flow out”), Burmese သွန် (swan, “to pour out; to spill”), Lahu šē (“to sow; to broadcast”), Lahu šêʔ (“to pour; to spill; to disperse; to sow; to broadcast”).

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • sóaⁿ - vernacular;
  • sán - literary;
  • sám - literary ("to sprinkle, to spread, to gobble, carelessly, casually");
  • sáng - literary ("to put on the fire").
More information Rime, Character ...
More information Character, Reading # ...
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Definitions

散

  1. free and unfettered
  2. natural and restrained; at ease
  3. loose; free
  4. to become loose; to break apart; to fall apart
  5. scattered; fragmentary; odd; apart; sporadic; temporary
  6. mixed and disorderly; miscellaneous; random
  7. (literature) free from parallelism
  8. careless; incautious; inattentive
  9. ordinary; useless
  10. (traditional Chinese medicine) medicine in powder form
    蒙脫石散／蒙脱石散  ―  méngtuōshí sàn  ―  Montmorillonite powder
  11. (Hokkien) to sprinkle; to spread (such as salt, powder, wood, ashes, medicinal powder, sawdust, fuel, etc.)
  12. (Quanzhou and Tong'an Hokkien) to put on the fire (such as wood or fuel)
  13. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to gobble; to devour; to gorge
  14. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) casually; at random; carelessly; haphazardly; randomly; as one pleases; without restraint or goal

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

More information trad., simp. # ...
Note:
  • sua4/suann4 - vernacular;
  • sang4 - literary.
More information Rime, Character ...
More information Character, Reading # ...
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Definitions

散

  1. to break up; to disperse; to scatter
  2. to distribute; to disseminate
  3. to open; to open wide
  4. to dissipate; to distract; to find diversion
  5. to run away; to escape; to flee
  6. to express; to declare; to explain
  7. to end; to finish; to be over
  8. to lose; to miss
  9. to herd; to graze; to walk (animals)
  10. chaotic; helter-skelter
  11. (Hokkien) to induce sweat
  12. (Hokkien) buttoned; fastened with a Chinese button knot or button; buckled; clasped
    長衫散裙／长衫散裙 [Hokkien]  ―  tn̂g-saⁿ sàm-kûn [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  long gown and full flowing skirt (full Ming dynasty dress)
  13. (Mainland China Hokkien) courageous; fearless
  14. (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Philippine Hokkien) to stroll; to saunter; to go for a walk
  15. (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) poor
    Alternative forms: 窮 / 穷, 貧 / 贫

Synonyms

  • (poor):
Dialectal synonyms of 貧窮 (“poor; impoverished; poverty-striken”) [map]
More information Variety, Location ...

Compounds

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Japanese

Kanji

散

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. scatter

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

散 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

散: Hán Nôm readings: tản, tảng, tan, tởn, tán

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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