鶴 - Wikiwand

More information trad., simp. ...

trad.	鶴
simp.	鹤
alternative forms	鸖䳽／𮹙隺

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Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (寉) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

More information Old Chinese ...

	Old Chinese
鶴	*ɡloːwɢ
髉	*pqroːwɢ
篧	skroːwɢ, sɡroːwɢ
榷	*kroːwɢ
搉	kroːwɢ, kroːwɢ, *kʰroːwɢ
傕	*kroːwɢ
確	*kʰroːwɢ
寉	*ɡluːwɢ
蒮	*luwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡloːwɢ): phonetic 寉 (OC *ɡluːwɢ) + semantic 鳥.

Etymology

Possibly from Austroasiatic (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *kl(uə)k (“white”), whence Proto-Vietic *t-lɔːk (“white”) but Old Mon kloh (“crane”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): hè, háo (he⁴, hao²)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˋ, ㄏㄠˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ho²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hok⁶ / hok^6-2

(Taishan, Wiktionary): hok^4*
Gan (Wiktionary): hoh⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ho̍k

(Hailu, HRS): hog^ˋ

(Meixian, Guangdong): hog⁶
Jin (Wiktionary): heh⁵ / hah⁵
Northern Min (KCR): hō̤
Eastern Min (BUC): hŏk
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): horh⁷
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ho̍h / ho̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): hoh⁸
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁸ngoq
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ho⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hè
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hè
  - Wade–Giles: ho⁴
  - Yale: hè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heh
  - Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: háo
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄠˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: háo
  - Wade–Giles: hao²
  - Yale: háu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haur
  - Palladius: хао (xao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ho²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xo
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xo²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: hok⁶ / hok^6-2
  - Yale: hohk / hók
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hok⁹ / hok^9-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: hog⁶ / hog^6-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːk̚²/, /hɔːk̚²⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: hok^4*
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔk̚²¹⁻²¹⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: hoh⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔʔ⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ho̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: hog
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hog⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /hok̚⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: hog^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /hok²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: hog⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /hɔk̚⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: heh⁵ / hah⁵
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /xəʔ⁵⁴/, /xaʔ⁵⁴/

Note:

heh5 - vernacular;
hah5 - literary.

Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hō̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɔ⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hŏk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /houʔ⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri, Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: horh⁷
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ho̤̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɒʔ⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ho̍h
  - Tâi-lô: ho̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoih
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /hoʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hoʔ¹²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hoʔ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ho̍k
  - Tâi-lô: ho̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hok
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚¹²¹/

Note:

ho̍h - vernacular;
ho̍k - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hoh⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ho̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hoʔ⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁸ngoq
  - MiniDict: ngoh^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵ngoq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ŋoʔ¹²/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ho⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xo²⁴/

Dialectal data

More information Variety, Location ...

Variety	Location	edit 鶴
Mandarin	Beijing	/xɤ⁵¹/ /xɑu³⁵/
Harbin	/xau²⁴/ /xɤ⁵³/
Tianjin	/xɑu⁴⁵/ /xɤ⁵³/
Jinan	/xə²¹³/ /xə²¹/ 新
Qingdao	/xə⁴²/
Zhengzhou	/xɤ²⁴/
Xi'an	/xuo²¹/
Xining	/xɔ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan	/xə¹³/
Lanzhou	/xə⁵³/
Ürümqi	/xɤ²¹³/
Wuhan	/xuo²¹³/
Chengdu	/xo³¹/
Guiyang	/xo²¹/
Kunming	/xo³¹/
Nanjing	/xoʔ⁵/
Hefei	/xɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/xəʔ²/
Pingyao	/xʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot	/xaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ŋoʔ¹/
Suzhou	/ŋoʔ³/
Hangzhou	/ŋoʔ²/
Wenzhou	/ŋo²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/xɔ²²/
Tunxi	/xo¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/xo²⁴/
Xiangtan	/ho²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/hɔʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/hok̚⁵/
Taoyuan	/hok̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/hɔk̚²/
Nanning	/hɔk̚²²/
Hong Kong	/hɔk̚²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/hɔk̚⁵/ /hoʔ⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/houʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/ɔ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew)	/hoʔ⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese)	/hɔk̚⁵/ /hak̚³/

Middle Chinese: hak

More information Rime, Character ...

Rime
Character	鶴
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	下各切
Baxter	hak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦak̚/
Li Rong	/ɣɑk̚/
Wang Li	/ɣɑk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hé
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hok⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤrawk/, /*[ɡ]ˤawk/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡloːwɢ/

More information Character, Reading # ...

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鶴	鶴
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hè	hè
Middle Chinese	‹ hæwk ›	‹ hak ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁrawk/	/*[ɡ]ˁawk/
English	white (of birds)	crane
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鶴
Reading #	1/1
No.	5092
Phonetic component	寉
Rime group	藥
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	涸
Old Chinese	/*ɡloːwɢ/

Definitions

鶴

Compounds

一琴一鶴 / 一琴一鹤
不舞之鶴 / 不舞之鹤
丹頂鶴 / 丹顶鹤 (dāndǐnghè)
乘軒鶴 / 乘轩鹤
乘鶴 / 乘鹤
乘鶴駕雲 / 乘鹤驾云
仙鶴 / 仙鹤 (xiānhè)
仙鶴草 / 仙鹤草 (xiānhècǎo)
別鶴 / 别鹤
別鶴孤鸞 / 别鹤孤鸾
別鶴操 / 别鹤操
別鶴離鸞 / 别鹤离鸾
化鶴 / 化鹤
吼鶴 / 吼鹤
妻梅子鶴 / 妻梅子鹤
孤雲野鶴 / 孤云野鹤
孤鸞寡鶴 / 孤鸾寡鹤
寡鶴 / 寡鹤
弔鶴 / 吊鹤
彥倫鶴怨 / 彦伦鹤怨
慚鳧企鶴 / 惭凫企鹤
控鶴 / 控鹤
揚州鶴 / 扬州鹤
斷鶴續鳧 / 断鹤续凫 (duànhèxùfú)
朱顏鶴髮 / 朱颜鹤发
杳如黃鶴 / 杳如黄鹤
松鶴 / 松鹤
松鶴延年 / 松鹤延年
枯魚病鶴 / 枯鱼病鹤
梅妻鶴子 / 梅妻鹤子 (méiqīhèzǐ)
梅鶴因緣 / 梅鹤因缘
水鶴 / 水鹤
火鶴花 / 火鹤花
灰鶴 / 灰鹤
焚琴煮鶴 / 焚琴煮鹤 (fén qín zhǔ hè)
煮鶴焚琴 / 煮鹤焚琴
煮鶴燒琴 / 煮鹤烧琴
猿鶴沙蟲 / 猿鹤沙虫
猿鶴蟲沙 / 猿鹤虫沙
玄鶴 / 玄鹤
王喬騎鶴 / 王乔骑鹤
瘞鶴銘 / 瘗鹤铭
白頂鶴 / 白顶鹤
白鶴 / 白鹤 (báihè)
白鶴秀才 / 白鹤秀才
童顏鶴髮 / 童颜鹤发 (tóngyánhèfà)
紅鶴 / 红鹤 (hónghè)
羊公鶴 / 羊公鹤
群雞一鶴 / 群鸡一鹤
老鶴乘軒 / 老鹤乘轩
華亭鶴唳 / 华亭鹤唳
華表鶴歸 / 华表鹤归
蟲沙猿鶴 / 虫沙猿鹤
跨鶴 / 跨鹤
遼東鶴 / 辽东鹤
野鶴 / 野鹤
野鶴閒雲 / 野鹤闲云
閒雲孤鶴 / 闲云孤鹤
閒雲野鶴 / 闲云野鹤 (xiányúnyěhè)
雞皮鶴髮 / 鸡皮鹤发 (jīpíhèfà)
雞膚鶴髮 / 鸡肤鹤发
雲中白鶴 / 云中白鹤
青鶴 / 青鹤
風聲鶴唳 / 风声鹤唳 (fēngshēnghèlì)
風鶴 / 风鹤
風鶴魂驚 / 风鹤魂惊
駕鶴西歸 / 驾鹤西归
騎鶴揚州 / 骑鹤扬州
鶴乘軒 / 鹤乘轩
鶴企 / 鹤企
鶴俸 / 鹤俸
鶴列 / 鹤列
鶴唳 / 鹤唳
鶴唳風聲 / 鹤唳风声
鶴壁 / 鹤壁 (Hèbì)
鶴壽 / 鹤寿
鶴宮 / 鹤宫
鶴岡 / 鹤冈 (Hègāng)
鶴峰 / 鹤峰 (Hèfēng)
鶴弔 / 鹤吊
鶴形目 / 鹤形目
鶴書 / 鹤书
鶴望 / 鹤望
鶴林 / 鹤林
鶴板 / 鹤板
鶴林玉露 / 鹤林玉露
鶴步 / 鹤步
鶴氅 / 鹤氅
鶴神 / 鹤神
鶴禁 / 鹤禁
鶴科 / 鹤科
鶴立 / 鹤立
鶴立雞群 / 鹤立鸡群 (hèlìjīqún)
鶴算龜齡 / 鹤算龟龄
鶴膝 / 鹤膝
鶴膝風 / 鹤膝风
鶴舞 / 鹤舞
鶴處雞群 / 鹤处鸡群
鶴觴 / 鹤觞
鶴警 / 鹤警
鶴長鳧短 / 鹤长凫短 (hèchángfúduǎn)
鶴頂紅 / 鹤顶红
鶴馭 / 鹤驭
鶴駕 / 鹤驾
鶴骨松姿 / 鹤骨松姿
鶴髮 / 鹤发 (hèfà)
鶴髮童顏 / 鹤发童颜 (hèfàtóngyán)
鶴髮雞皮 / 鹤发鸡皮
鶴鳴 / 鹤鸣
鶴鳴之士 / 鹤鸣之士
鶴鳴九皋 / 鹤鸣九皋
鶴鶴 / 鹤鹤
鶴齡 / 鹤龄
鸞鶴 / 鸾鹤 (luánhè)
黃鶴樓 / 黄鹤楼 (Huánghèlóu)
龜年鶴壽 / 龟年鹤寿
龜鶴 / 龟鹤
龜鶴同春 / 龟鹤同春
龜齡鶴算 / 龟龄鹤算

鶴

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Definitions

Compounds

Japanese

Korean

Kunigami

Okinawan

Old Japanese

Vietnamese

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