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鳥
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Translingual
Han character
鳥 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+0, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹日卜火 (HAYF), four-corner 27327, composition ⿴烏一)
- Kangxi radical #196, ⿃.
Derived characters
See also
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1480, character 52
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46634
- Dae Jaweon: page 2012, character 25
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4613, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9CE5
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Chinese
Glyph origin
Pictogram (象形): a bird with a dangling tail.
Compare 烏, which is very similar, of similar origin, and 隹, which originated from a similar image of a bird, but is today rather more abstract and less recognizable. Compare to Egyptian 𓄿
Etymology
Originally pronounced with a /t-/ initial (compare 島 (OC *tuːwʔ, “island”)). In many dialects, it changed to a /n-/ initial to avoid homophony with the vulgar word 屌 (diǎo, “penis”), which may ultimately have developed from the sense “bird”. Birds/fowl are characteristically associated with Chinese slang for genitalia; compare 雀 (“sparrow > penis”) and 雞 (“chicken > penis”).
Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) hypothesised that the /n-/ initial form for “bird” may be unrelated to the /t-/ form. Instead, it may be connected with the Tai-Kadai word for bird; compare Proto-Tai *C̬.nokᴰ (“bird”), whence Thai นก (nók).
The /t-/ form may be derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *daw (“bird”), cognate with Proto-Karen *thoᴮ (“bird”) and Proto-Bodo-Garo *tao² (“bird”).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nyiao3
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): niào
- (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): liǎo
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): nyieu3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): niau2
- Northern Min (KCR): niǎu
- Eastern Min (BUC): cēu / nēu
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zieo3 / nieo3
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 5tiau; 5gniau / 3tiau; 3gniau
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): diau3 / nyiau3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: niǎo
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: niǎo
- Wade–Giles: niao3
- Yale: nyǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: neau
- Palladius: няо (njao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ni̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (鳥兒 / 鸟儿)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: niǎor
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄠˇㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: niǎor
- Wade–Giles: niao3-ʼrh
- Yale: nyǎur
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: neaul
- Palladius: няор (njaor)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ni̯aʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: nyiao3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: niao
- Sinological IPA (key): /nʲiau⁵³/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: niào
- Sinological IPA (key): /niau⁵³/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: liǎo
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): liao3
- Sinological IPA (key): /liɔ¹¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: niu5
- Yale: níuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: niu5
- Guangdong Romanization: niu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /niːu̯¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: niau4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ⁿdiau²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: nyieu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /n̠ʲiɛu²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tiâu / niâu / to̍k / tio̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: diauˊ / niauˊ / dog / diog
- Hagfa Pinyim: diau1 / niau1 / dog6 / diog6
- Sinological IPA: /ti̯au̯²⁴/, /ni̯au̯²⁴/, /tok̚⁵/, /ti̯ok̚⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: diauˋ / niauˋ / dogˋ / diogˋ
- Sinological IPA: /tiau⁵³/, /niau⁵³/, /tok²/, /tiok²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
Note:
- tiâu - vernacular;
- niâu - literary.
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: niau2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /niau⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: niǎu
- Sinological IPA (key): /niau²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cēu / nēu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɛu³³/, /nˡɛu³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- cēu - vernacular;
- nēu - literary.
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zieo3
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: câ̤u
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sieu⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zieo3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sieu³³²/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: nieo3
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: nâ̤u
- Sinological IPA (key): /nieu⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: nieo3
- Sinological IPA (key): /nieu³³²/
- (Putian)
- zieo3 - vernacular;
- nieo3 - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines, Medan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiáu
- Tâi-lô: tsiáu
- Phofsit Daibuun: ciao
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡siau⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /t͡siau⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siau⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines, Medan)
- chiáu - vernacular;
- niáu - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ziao2 / ziou2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiáu / tsióu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siau⁵²/, /t͡siou⁵²/
- (Teochew)
- ziao2 - Shantou;
- ziou2 - Chaozhou.
Note:
Note:
Note:
Note:
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: tewX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤiwʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*tɯːwʔ/
Definitions
鳥
- bird (Classifier: 隻／只 m; 群 m)
- (slang, dialectal) to pay attention; to heed; to take notice of
- (vulgar, chiefly Taiwan) unpleasant thing
- (vulgar, chiefly Taiwan) inferior or objectionable (a general term of disparagement)
Synonyms
Compounds
- 一石二鳥 / 一石二鸟 (yīshí'èrniǎo)
- 一石兩鳥 / 一石两鸟
- 丹鳥 / 丹鸟
- 九官鳥 / 九官鸟 (jiǔguānniǎo)
- 九頭鳥 / 九头鸟
- 了鳥 / 了鸟
- 人為財死，鳥為食亡 / 人为财死，鸟为食亡 (rén wèi cái sǐ, niǎo wèi shí wáng)
- 伯勞鳥 / 伯劳鸟 (bóláoniǎo)
- 伺晨鳥 / 伺晨鸟
- 伽藍鳥 / 伽蓝鸟 (qiélánniǎo)
- 保護鳥 / 保护鸟
- 信鳥 / 信鸟
- 候鳥 / 候鸟 (hòuniǎo)
- 倦鳥知返 / 倦鸟知返
- 傷弓之鳥 / 伤弓之鸟
- 催明鳥 / 催明鸟
- 八色鳥 / 八色鸟
- 共命鳥 / 共命鸟 (gòngmìngniǎo)
- 出籠鳥 / 出笼鸟
- 出頭鳥 / 出头鸟
- 反舌鳥 / 反舌鸟
- 同命鳥 / 同命鸟
- 同林鳥 / 同林鸟
- 呆鳥 / 呆鸟
- 啄木鳥 / 啄木鸟 (zhuómùniǎo)
- 坌鳥先飛 / 坌鸟先飞 (bènniǎoxiānfēi)
- 夏候鳥 / 夏候鸟
- 天堂鳥 / 天堂鸟 (tiāntángniǎo)
- 太陽鳥 / 太阳鸟
- 好鳥 / 好鸟 (hǎoniǎo)
- 如鳥獸散 / 如鸟兽散
- 始祖鳥 / 始祖鸟 (shǐzǔniǎo)
- 孝鳥 / 孝鸟
- 孤鳥 / 孤鸟
- 害鳥 / 害鸟 (hàiniǎo)
- 小鳥依人 / 小鸟依人 (xiǎoniǎoyīrén)
- 屁鳥人 / 屁鸟人
- 崎嶇鳥道 / 崎岖鸟道
- 布穀鳥 / 布谷鸟 (bùgǔniǎo)
- 干鳥
- 干鳥氣 / 干鸟气
- 恐鳥 / 恐鸟 (kǒngniǎo)
- 撮鳥 / 撮鸟
- 攛哄鳥亂 / 撺哄鸟乱
- 文鳥 / 文鸟
- 暗光鳥 / 暗光鸟 (àm-kong-chiáu) (Min Nan)
- 朱鳥 / 朱鸟
- 梟鳥 / 枭鸟 (xiāoniǎo)
- 極樂鳥 / 极乐鸟 (jílèniǎo)
- 橿鳥 / 橿鸟 (jiāngniǎo)
- 檻猿籠鳥 / 槛猿笼鸟
- 比翼鳥 / 比翼鸟 (bǐyìniǎo)
- 水鳥 / 水鸟 (shuǐniǎo)
- 池魚籠鳥 / 池鱼笼鸟
- 漂鳥 / 漂鸟
- 火鳥 / 火鸟
- 烏鳥之情 / 乌鸟之情
- 烏鳥私情 / 乌鸟私情
- 無翼鳥 / 无翼鸟 (wúyìniǎo)
- 熊經鳥申 / 熊经鸟申
- 犀鳥 / 犀鸟 (xīniǎo)
- 獸聚鳥散 / 兽聚鸟散
- 獵鳥 / 猎鸟 (lièniǎo)
- 玄鳥 / 玄鸟
- 玄鳥氏 / 玄鸟氏
- 琴鳥 / 琴鸟 (qínniǎo)
- 留鳥 / 留鸟 (liúniǎo)
- 白鳥 / 白鸟 (báiniǎo)
- 百靈鳥 / 百灵鸟 (bǎilíngniǎo)
- 百鳥 / 百鸟 (bǎiniǎo)
- 百鳥朝鳳 / 百鸟朝凤 (bǎiniǎocháofèng)
- 益鳥 / 益鸟 (yìniǎo)
- 相思鳥 / 相思鸟
- 知更鳥 / 知更鸟 (zhīgēngniǎo)
- 禽息鳥視 / 禽息鸟视
- 禽鳥 / 禽鸟 (qínniǎo)
- 窮鳥入懷 / 穷鸟入怀
- 笨鳥先飛 / 笨鸟先飞 (bènniǎoxiānfēi)
- 籠中之鳥 / 笼中之鸟
- 籠中窮鳥 / 笼中穷鸟
- 籠中鳥 / 笼中鸟
- 籠鳥檻猿 / 笼鸟槛猿
- 粉鳥 / 粉鸟 (hún-chiáu) (Min Nan)
- 精鳥賬 / 精鸟账
- 綬帶鳥 / 绶带鸟
- 羅含夢鳥 / 罗含梦鸟
- 羊腸鳥道 / 羊肠鸟道
- 翠鳥 / 翠鸟 (cuìniǎo)
- 翳鳥 / 翳鸟
- 老鳥 / 老鸟 (lǎoniǎo)
- 能言鳥 / 能言鸟 (néngyánniǎo)
- 花香鳥語 / 花香鸟语
- 花鳥使 / 花鸟使
- 花鳥畫 / 花鸟画
- 菜鳥 / 菜鸟 (càiniǎo)
- 蒼鳥 / 苍鸟
- 蜂鳥 / 蜂鸟 (fēngniǎo)
- 象鳥 / 象鸟
- 越鳥 / 越鸟 (yuèniǎo)
- 越鳥南棲 / 越鸟南栖
- 軍艦鳥 / 军舰鸟
- 遛鳥 / 遛鸟 (liùniǎo)
- 野鳥 / 野鸟 (yěniǎo)
- 錦花鳥 / 锦花鸟
- 鐵鳥 / 铁鸟 (tiěniǎo)
- 長頸鳥喙 / 长颈鸟喙
- 陽鳥 / 阳鸟
- 隴鳥 / 陇鸟
- 雛鳥 / 雏鸟 (chúniǎo)
- 雷鳥 / 雷鸟 (léiniǎo)
- 青鳥 / 青鸟
- 韓朋鳥 / 韩朋鸟
- 飛鳥 / 飞鸟 (fēiniǎo)
- 飛鳥使 / 飞鸟使
- 飛鳥依人 / 飞鸟依人
- 駝鳥 / 驼鸟 (tuóniǎo)
- 駝鳥政策 / 驼鸟政策
- 驚弓之鳥 / 惊弓之鸟 (jīnggōngzhīniǎo)
- 魚潰鳥散 / 鱼溃鸟散
- 魚驚鳥散 / 鱼惊鸟散
- 魚鳥 / 鱼鸟
- 鰹鳥 / 鲣鸟 (jiānniǎo)
- 鱉鳥 / 鳖鸟
- 鳥人 / 鸟人
- 鳥信 / 鸟信
- 鳥卜 / 鸟卜
- 鳥喙 / 鸟喙 (niǎohuì)
- 鳥嘴銃 / 鸟嘴铳
- 鳥囀 / 鸟啭
- 鳥園 / 鸟园
- 鳥夷 / 鸟夷
- 鳥媒花 / 鸟媒花
- 鳥尾花 / 鸟尾花
- 鳥屋 / 鸟屋
- 鳥嶼 / 鸟屿 (Niǎoyǔ)
- 鳥巢 / 鸟巢 (niǎocháo)
- 鳥庭 / 鸟庭
- 鳥房 / 鸟房
- 鳥散 / 鸟散
- 鳥散魚潰 / 鸟散鱼溃
- 鳥松 / 鸟松 (Niǎosōng)
- 鳥梨 / 鸟梨
- 鳥槍 / 鸟枪 (niǎoqiāng)
- 鳥爪 / 鸟爪
- 鳥獸 / 鸟兽 (niǎoshòu)
- 鳥獸散 / 鸟兽散 (niǎoshòusàn)
- 鳥獸行 / 鸟兽行
- 鳥王 / 鸟王
- 鳥盡弓藏 / 鸟尽弓藏 (niǎojìngōngcáng)
- 鳥瞰 / 鸟瞰 (niǎokàn)
- 鳥窩 / 鸟窝 (niǎowō)
- 鳥篆 / 鸟篆
- 鳥籠 / 鸟笼 (niǎolóng)
- 鳥糞層 / 鸟粪层
- 鳥紋 / 鸟纹
- 鳥舉 / 鸟举
- 鳥葬 / 鸟葬
- 鳥蟲書 / 鸟虫书
- 鳥裡鳥氣 / 鸟里鸟气
- 鳥語 / 鸟语 (niǎoyǔ)
- 鳥語花香 / 鸟语花香 (niǎoyǔhuāxiāng)
- 鳥道 / 鸟道
- 鳥道羊腸 / 鸟道羊肠
- 鳥銃 / 鸟铳 (niǎochòng)
- 鳥集鱗萃 / 鸟集鳞萃
- 鳥面鵠形 / 鸟面鹄形
- 鳥革翬飛 / 鸟革翚飞
- 鳥類 / 鸟类 (niǎolèi)
- 鳥食 / 鸟食
- 鳥驚魚潰 / 鸟惊鱼溃
- 鳥鼠 / 鸟鼠 (niáu-chhí) (Min Nan)
- 鴇鳥 / 鸨鸟
- 鴕鳥 / 鸵鸟 (tuóniǎo)
- 鴕鳥蛋 / 鸵鸟蛋
- 鵠面鳥形 / 鹄面鸟形
- 鶉鳥 / 鹑鸟
- 鷙鳥 / 鸷鸟 (zhìniǎo)
- 鷙鳥不群 / 鸷鸟不群
- 鷗鳥忘機 / 鸥鸟忘机
- 黃鳥 / 黄鸟 (huángniǎo)
- 龜文鳥跡 / 龟文鸟迹
Descendants
- → Thai: เจี๊ยว (jíao)
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: diǎo
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: diǎo
- Wade–Giles: tiao3
- Yale: dyǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: deau
- Palladius: дяо (djao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
鳥
Descendants
Others:
- → Thai: เจี๊ยว (jíao)
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