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-kko
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *-kkoi. Equivalent to -kka + -i (compare -kki). Cognate with Estonian -k(u).
Suffix
-kko (front vowel harmony variant -kkö, linguistic notation -kkO)
- Forms collective nouns.
- Forms nouns for groups of a particular number, including tuples.
- Forms nouns denoting essential characteristics of a location, for a (land) surface covered in something, or for land characterised by something in general.
- nurmi (“grass”) + -kko → nurmikko (“lawn”)
- ruoko (“reed”) + -kko → ruoikko (“reed bed”)
- hieta (“sand”) + -kko → hietikko (“expanse of sand”)
- lumme (“waterlily”) + -kko → lumpeikko (“water covered in waterlilies”)
- aalto (“wave”) + -kko → aallokko (“swell”)
- ranta (“shore”) + -kko → rannikko (“coast”)
- kostea (“wet, moist”) + -kko → kosteikko (“wetland”)
- Forms nouns for groups of something, often plants.
- Forms nouns from verbs denoting activities or tools for an activity.
- Forms names for various beings.
- Forms descriptive nouns.
Usage notes
Usually added to the plural stem of the base noun (-ikko).
Declension
Usually:
But when attached to monosyllabic stems:
Derived terms
Anagrams
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Ingrian
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *-kkoi. Akin to Finnish -kko.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-kko (front vowel variant -kkö)
- Used to form collective nouns.
- petäjä (“pine”) + -kko → petäisikko (“group of pines”)
- Used to form groups of a particular number.
- kymmen (“ten”) + -kko → kymmenikkö (“decuplet”)
- Used to form nouns describing female people.
- Used to form diminutives of certain nouns.
- (unproductive) Used to form animal names.
Usage notes
- This suffix doesn't always conform to vowel harmony:
- päähkänä (“nut”) (front-vocalic) + -kko → päähkänikko (“nut grove”) (back-vocalic)
Declension
Derived terms
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Japanese
Romanization
-kko
Karelian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *-kkoi. Cognates include Finnish -kko and Ingrian -kko.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-kko (front vowel variant -kkö)
- Used to form collective nouns.
Declension
Derived terms
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