cuspir

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin conspuō.

Verb

cuspir (first-person singular indicative present cuspo, past participle cuspíu)

1. to spit

   Nun cuspáis nel suelu que toi de ñidialu

   Don't spit on the floor, I just cleaned it

Conjugation

Conjugation of cuspir

infinitive		cuspir
gerundive		cuspiendo
participle		m cuspíu, f cuspida, n cuspío, m pl cuspíos, f pl cuspíes
person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
indicative	present	cuspo	cuspes	cuspe	cuspimos	cuspís	cuspen
	imperfect	cuspía	cuspíes	cuspía	cuspíemos/cuspíamos	cuspíeis/cuspíais	cuspíen
	preterite	cuspí	cuspiesti/cuspisti	cuspió	cuspiemos/cuspimos	cuspiestis/cuspistis	cuspieron
	pluperfect	cuspiere/cuspiera	cuspieres/cuspieras	cuspiere/cuspiera	cuspiéremos/cuspiéramos	cuspiereis/cuspierais	cuspieren/cuspieran
	future	cuspiré	cuspirás	cuspirá	cuspiremos	cuspiréis	cuspirán
	conditional	cuspiría	cuspiríes	cuspiría	cuspiríemos/cuspiríamos	cuspiríeis/cuspiríais	cuspiríen
subjunctive	present	cuspa	cuspas	cuspa	cuspamos	cuspáis	cuspan
	imperfect	cuspiere/cuspiera	cuspieres/cuspieras	cuspiere/cuspiera	cuspiéremos/cuspiéramos	cuspiereis/cuspierais	cuspieren/cuspieran
imperative			cuspi			cuspíi

Derived terms

• cuspe
• cuspiada
• cuspiatu
• cuspidera
• cuspir a la cara
• cuspir en focicu
• cuspiu
• cuspión
• cuspíu
• mancuspir
• mancuspiu

References

• Xosé Lluis García Arias (2002–2004), “cuspir”, in Diccionario general de la lengua asturiana [General Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Spanish), Editorial Prensa Asturiana, →ISBN
• “cuspir”, in Diccionariu de la llingua asturiana [Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Asturian), 1ª edición, Academia de la Llingua Asturiana, 2000, →ISBN

Galician

Alternative forms

• chuspir, guspir

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese cospir, from Latin cōnspuō (“to spit”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kusˈpiɾ/

Verb

cuspir (first-person singular present cuspo, third-person singular present cospe, first-person singular preterite cuspín, past participle cuspido)
cuspir (first-person singular present cuspo, third-person singular present cospe, first-person singular preterite cuspim or cuspi, past participle cuspido, reintegrationist norm)

1. to spit (to expel saliva from the mouth)

   Synonyms: cuspiñar, esgarrar

   Onde moitos cospen, lama fan (proverb) ― Where many people spit, they make mud

Conjugation

    Conjugation of cuspir (u-o alternation in present singular)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	cuspir
Personal	cuspir	cuspires	cuspir	cuspirmos	cuspirdes	cuspiren
Gerund
	cuspindo
Past participle
Masculine	cuspido			cuspidos
Feminine	cuspida			cuspidas
Indicative
Present	cuspo	cospes	cospe	cuspimos	cuspides	cospen
Imperfect	cuspía	cuspías	cuspía	cuspiamos	cuspiades	cuspían
Preterite	cuspín	cuspiches	cuspiu	cuspimos	cuspistes	cuspiron
Pluperfect	cuspira	cuspiras	cuspira	cuspiramos	cuspirades	cuspiran
Future	cuspirei	cuspirás	cuspirá	cuspiremos	cuspiredes	cuspirán
Conditional	cuspiría	cuspirías	cuspiría	cuspiriamos	cuspiriades	cuspirían
Subjunctive
Present	cuspa	cuspas	cuspa	cuspamos	cuspades	cuspan
Imperfect	cuspise	cuspises	cuspise	cuspísemos	cuspísedes	cuspisen
Future	cuspir	cuspires	cuspir	cuspirmos	cuspirdes	cuspiren
Imperative
Affirmative		cuspe	cuspa	cuspamos	cuspide	cuspan
Negative (non)		non cuspas	non cuspa	non cuspamos	non cuspades	non cuspan

    Reintegrated conjugation of cuspir (u-o alternation in present singular) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	cuspir
Personal	cuspir	cuspires	cuspir	cuspirmos	cuspirdes	cuspirem
Gerund
	cuspindo
Past participle
Masculine	cuspido			cuspidos
Feminine	cuspida			cuspidas
Indicative
Present	cuspo	cospes	cospe	cuspimos	cuspides, cuspis	cospem
Imperfect	cuspia	cuspias	cuspia	cuspíamos	cuspíades, cuspíeis, cuspíais1	cuspiam
Preterite	cuspim, cuspi	cuspiste, cuspiche1	cuspiu	cuspimos	cuspistes	cuspírom, cuspiram
Pluperfect	cuspira	cuspiras	cuspira	cuspíramos	cuspírades, cuspíreis, cuspírais1	cuspiram
Future	cuspirei	cuspirás	cuspirá	cuspiremos	cuspiredes, cuspireis	cuspirám, cuspirão
Conditional	cuspiria	cuspirias	cuspiria	cuspiríamos	cuspiríades, cuspiríeis, cuspiríais1	cuspiriam
Subjunctive
Present	cuspa	cuspas	cuspa	cuspamos	cuspades, cuspais	cuspam
Imperfect	cuspisse	cuspisses	cuspisse	cuspíssemos	cuspíssedes, cuspísseis	cuspissem
Future	cuspir	cuspires	cuspir	cuspirmos	cuspirdes	cuspirem
Imperative
Affirmative		cospe	cuspa	cuspamos	cuspide, cuspi	cuspam
Negative (nom)		nom cuspas	nom cuspa	nom cuspamos	nom cuspades, nom cuspais	nom cuspam

¹Less recommended.

Related terms

• cuspe (“saliva”)
• cuspido (“spitting image”)

References

• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “cospir”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “cosp”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cuspir”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cuspir”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cuspir”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• cospir (obsolete)
• guspir (Brazil, nonstandard)
• escupir (Beira, Minho, Trás-os-Montes)

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese cospir, from Latin cōnspuō (“to spit out”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kusˈpi(ʁ)/ [kusˈpi(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kusˈpi(ʁ)/ [kusˈpi(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /kusˈpi(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /kuʃˈpi(ʁ)/ [kuʃˈpi(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /kusˈpi(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kuʃˈpiɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kuʃˈpiɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /kuʃˈpi.ɾi/

• Homophone: cuspi (Brazil)
• Hyphenation: cus‧pir

Verb

cuspir (first-person singular present cuspo, third-person singular present cospe, first-person singular preterite cuspi, past participle cuspido)

1. to spit (to expel saliva from the mouth)

   Synonyms: cuspinhar, salivar, escarrar

2. (figuratively) to offend

   Synonyms: ofender, insultar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of cuspir (u-o alternation in present singular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	cuspir
Personal	cuspir	cuspires	cuspir	cuspirmos	cuspirdes	cuspirem
Gerund
	cuspindo
Past participle
Masculine	cuspido			cuspidos
Feminine	cuspida			cuspidas
Indicative
Present	cuspo	cospes	cospe	cuspimos	cuspis	cospem
Imperfect	cuspia	cuspias	cuspia	cuspíamos	cuspíeis	cuspiam
Preterite	cuspi	cuspiste	cuspiu	cuspimos	cuspistes	cuspiram
Pluperfect	cuspira	cuspiras	cuspira	cuspíramos	cuspíreis	cuspiram
Future	cuspirei	cuspirás	cuspirá	cuspiremos	cuspireis	cuspirão
Conditional	cuspiria	cuspirias	cuspiria	cuspiríamos	cuspiríeis	cuspiriam
Subjunctive
Present	cuspa	cuspas	cuspa	cuspamos	cuspais	cuspam
Imperfect	cuspisse	cuspisses	cuspisse	cuspíssemos	cuspísseis	cuspissem
Future	cuspir	cuspires	cuspir	cuspirmos	cuspirdes	cuspirem
Imperative
Affirmative		cospe	cuspa	cuspamos	cuspi	cuspam
Negative (não)		não cuspas	não cuspa	não cuspamos	não cuspais	não cuspam

Related terms

• cuspada
• cusparada
• cuspe
• cuspideira
• cuspidela
• cuspido
• cuspidor

Further reading

• “cuspir”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
• “cuspir”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025