hate

See also: hatě, hâte, hâté, and hāte

English

Etymology

From Middle English hate (noun), probably from Old English hatian (“to hate”, verb) and/or Old Norse hatr (“hate”, noun). Merged with Middle English hete, hæte, heate (“hate”), from Old English hete, from Proto-Germanic *hataz (“hatred, hate”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂d- (“strong emotion”). Cognate with West Frisian haat, Dutch haat, German Hass, Danish had, Norwegian and Swedish hat.

The verb is from Middle English haten, from Old English hatian (“to hate, treat as an enemy”), from Proto-West Germanic *hatēn, from Proto-Germanic *hatāną (“to hate”), from Proto-Germanic *hataz, from the same root as above.

Pronunciation

• (MLE) IPA^(key): /heʔ/
• (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: hāt, IPA^(key): /heɪt/
• (Canada) IPA^(key): [heːt]
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /hæɪ̯t/
• (Standard Southern British) IPA^(key): [hɛjt]

• Audio (Received Pronunciation):

  (file)

• Audio (General American):

  (file)

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪt
• Homophone: Haight

Noun

hate (countable and uncountable, plural hates)

1. An object of hatred.

   One of my pet hates is traffic wardens.

2. Hatred.

   He gave me a look filled with pure hate.

3. (metonymic)
   1. (Internet slang) Negative feedback, abusive behaviour.

      There was a lot of hate in the comments on my vlog about Lady Gaga from her fans.

   2. Bigotry.

      The corporation said it would not tolerate hate.

Derived terms

• antihate
• apprecihate
• behate
• cyberhate
• gay-hate
• hatable
• hateblog
• hate-boner
• hate click
• hate crime, hate-crime
• hatedom
• hatefest
• hatefic
• hate figure
• hate-filled
• hate fuck
• hate group
• hateless
• hatelike
• hatelisting
• hate mail
• hate mailer
• hatemonger
• hate music
• hate-on
• hate-read
• hate-sex
• hate sex
• hateship
• hatesite
• hatesome
• hate speech
• hate-speech
• hate strike
• hate-watch
• hateworthy
• hatriot
• love-hate
• pet hate
• Prop H8
• self-hate
• two-minute hate

Related terms

• hatel
• hatred

Descendants

• → Polish: hejt
• → Russian: хейт (xejt)

Translations

hatred — see hatred

negative interaction in Internet

Japanese: ヘイト (ja) (heito) Polish: hejt (pl) m Portuguese: hate (pt) m Romanian: hate (ro) Russian: хейт (ru) m (xejt) Ukrainian: нелюбов (neljubov)

Verb

hate (third-person singular simple present hates, present participle hating, simple past and past participle hated)

1. (transitive) To dislike intensely or greatly.
   • 1997, Popular Science, volume 251, number 4, page 34:

     People who hate broccoli may have super-sensitive taste buds.

2. (intransitive) To experience hatred.
3. (informal, originally African-American Vernacular) Used in a phrasal verb: hate on.

   I put ranch dressing on pizza. Please don't hate on me.

Usage notes

• This is generally a stative verb that is rarely used in the continuous (progressive) aspect. See Category:English stative verbs

Conjugation

Conjugation of hate

infinitive	(to) hate
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	hate	hated
2nd-person singular	hate, hatest†	hated, hatedst†
3rd-person singular	hates, hateth†	hated
plural	hate
subjunctive	hate	hated
imperative	hate	—
participles	hating	hated

^† Archaic or obsolete.

Synonyms

• (to dislike intensely): See Thesaurus:hate

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “to dislike intensely”): See Thesaurus:love

Derived terms

• antihate
• apprecihate
• behate
• cyberhate
• forehate
• hatable
• hate-crime
• hatee
• hater
• haters gonna hate
• hate someone's guts
• hate-speech
• hate the sin but love the sinner
• I hate you
• love the sinner but hate the sin
• overhate
• self-hating
• they hate us 'cause they ain't us
• unhate

Related terms

• heinous

Translations

to dislike intensely

Afrikaans: haat (af) Albanian: urrej (sq) Amharic: መጥላት (mäṭlat) Arabic: كَرِهَ (kariha), أَبْغَضَ (ʔabḡaḍa) Egyptian Arabic: كره (kirih), بغض (baḡaḍ) Armenian: ատել (hy) (atel) Aromanian: urãscu Asturian: odiar Azerbaijani: nifrət etmək, zəhləsi getmək Basque: gorrotatu Belarusian: ненаві́дзець impf (njenavídzjecʹ) Bengali: ঘৃণা করা (bn) (ghrina kora) Bulgarian: мра́зя (bg) impf (mrázja), ненави́ждам (bg) impf (nenavíždam) Burmese: စက်ဆုပ် (my) (cakhcup), မုန်း (my) (mun:) Catalan: odiar (ca) Chinese: Cantonese: 好憎 (hou2 zang1), 憎 (zang1) Mandarin: 恨 (zh) (hèn), 討厭 / 讨厌 (zh) (tǎoyàn), 仇恨 (zh) (chóuhèn), 憎 (zh) (zēng), 憎恨 (zh) (zēnghèn), 嫌 (zh) (xián), 恨惡 / 恨恶 (zh) (hènwù) Cornish: bos kas gans (with subject and object reversed) Czech: nenávidět (cs) impf, nesnášet impf Danish: hade Dutch: haten (nl) Egyptian: (msḏj) Esperanto: malami (eo) Estonian: vihkama Faroese: hata Finnish: vihata (fi), inhota (fi) French: haïr (fr), détester (fr) Friulian: odeâ Georgian: სიძულვილი (siʒulvili), ეჯავრება (eǯavreba), ზიზღი (zizɣi) German: hassen (de) Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (hatjan) Greek: μισώ (el) (misó), απεχθάνομαι (el) (apechthánomai) Ancient: μῑσέω (mīséō) Haitian Creole: rayi Hebrew: שָׂנֵא (he) (sané) Hindi: घृणा करना (ghŕṇā karnā) Hungarian: gyűlöl (hu), utál (hu) Icelandic: hata (is) Ido: odiar (io) Indonesian: benci (id), membenci (id) Irish: is fuath le Italian: odiare (it) Japanese: 憎む (ja) (にくむ, nikumu), 嫌う (ja) (きらう, kirau), 厭う (ja) (いとう, itou), 嫌悪する (ja) (けんおする, ken'o suru) Kazakh: жек көру (jek köru) Khmer: ស្អប់ (km) (s’ɑp), ជិន (km) (cɨn) Korean: 싫어하다 (ko) (sireohada), 미워하다 (ko) (miwohada) Kurdish: Northern Kurdish: hîlet bûn, nefret kirin (ku), hîlet bûn Kyrgyz: жек көрүү (jek körüü) Ladino: aborreser Lao: ກຽດ (lo) (kīat) Latgalian: neist Latin: ōdī (defective), odiō Latvian: ienīst, neciest Lithuanian: neapkęsti Lombard: odià (lmo) Low German: haten Luxembourgish: haassen Macedonian: мрази impf (mrazi) Malay: benci (ms) Malayalam: വെറുക്കുക (ml) (veṟukkuka) Maltese: mibegħda, bagħad Maore Comorian: uyenga, utukiwa na Maori: mauāhara Middle English: haten Mongolian: хорсох (mn) (xorsox), үзэн ядах (üzen jadax), занах (mn) (zanax) Navajo: yijoołá Norman: dêtester Norwegian: hate (no) Occitan: asirar (oc), aissosar Old Church Slavonic: Cyrillic: ненавидѣти impf (nenaviděti) Old English: hatian Old Norse: hata Oromo: jibbuu (om) Pashto: بدوړل (badwṛǝ́l) Persian: نفرت داشتن (nefrat dâštan), بیزار بودن (bizâr budan) Pitjantjatjara: kuraringanyi Polish: nienawidzić (pl) impf Portuguese: odiar (pt) Quechua: chiqnikuy, chiqniy, cignii, cikii Romanian: urî (ro) Romansch: odiar, detestar, hassiar, spretschar Russian: ненави́деть (ru) impf (nenavídetʹ) Sanskrit: द्वेष्टि (sa) (dvéṣṭi) Sardinian: odiai, tirriai Serbo-Croatian: nenávideti impf, нена́видети impf Cyrillic: мр́зити impf, мр́зети impf Roman: mŕziti (sh) impf, mŕzeti (sh) impf Sinhalese: ද්වේෂ කරනවා (dwēṣa karanawā) Slovak: nenávidieť impf Slovene: sovražiti (sl) impf Sorbian: Lower Sorbian: gramowaś impf, gramjeś impf Spanish: odiar (es) Sumerian: 𒄾𒈪𒉭 (ḪUL.IGI) Swahili: kuchukia Swedish: hata (sv) Tagalog: mapoot Tajik: нафрат доштан (nafrat doštan), нафрат кардан (nafrat kardan), бад додан (bad dodan) Tamil: வெறு (ta) (veṟu) Telugu: ఏవగించుకొను (ēvagiñcukonu), అసహ్యించుకొను (asahyiñcukonu) Thai: เกลียด (th) (glìiat) Tibetan: སྡང (sdang), ཞེ་འཁོན་འཛིན (zhe 'khon 'dzin), ཞེ་ལོག (zhe log) Turkish: nefret etmek (tr), iğrenmek (tr), tiksinmek (tr), ikrah etmek (tr) (archaic) Turkmen: ýigrenmek, ýigrençmek Ugaritic: 𐎌𐎐𐎀 (šnả) Ukrainian: нена́видіти impf (nenávydity) Urdu: گھرنا کرنا (ghŕṇā karnā), نفرت کرنا (nafrat karna) Uyghur: امان كۆرمەك (aman körmek), نەپرەتلەنمەك (nepretlenmek) Uzbek: yomon koʻrmoq, nafratlanmoq (uz) Vietnamese: ghét (vi) Welsh: casáu (cy), bod yn gas gan (with subject and object reversed) Yiddish: פֿײַנט האָבן (faynt hobn), האַסן (hasn) Zazaki: nefret kerden, qıcığ gıroten

Anagrams

• HEAT, Thea, eath, haet, heat, heta

Bola

Noun

hate

1. liver

References

• Brent Wiebe, Bola (Bola-Bakovi) Language Organized Phonology Data, p. 2

Cia-Cia

Alternative forms

• 하떼

Etymology

From Proto-Celebic *qate, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatay, from Proto-Austronesian *qaCay.

Noun

hate (Hangul spelling 하떼)

1. (anatomy) liver (organ of the body)

References

• Van den Berg, Rene (1991). "Preliminary Notes on the Cia-Cia Language," in Excursies in Celebes, pp. 305-324.

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

hate

1. (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of haten

Japanese

Romanization

hate

1. Rōmaji transcription of はて

Middle English

Etymology 1

Most likely a modification of earlier hete (from Old English hete) after haten, though compare Old Norse hatr.

Alternative forms

• ate, haate, hat, hatte

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhaːt(ə)/

Noun

hate (plural hates)

1. Hate, hatred, anger, wroth.

   Synonyms: haterede, hatynge, hete

2. Something that causes or induces hate; insults, demeaning words.
3. The results of hate; enmity, discord, turmoil.

   Synonyms: haterede, hete

4. (rare) Something that one hates.

Related terms

• hateful
• hatel
• hateliche
• haten
• hatere
• haterede
• hatesum
• hatfully
• hatynge

Descendants

• English: hate
• Scots: hate, hait, heit

References

• “hāte, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 18 July 2018.

Etymology 2

Verb

hate

1. alternative form of haten

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse hata.

Verb

hate (imperative hat, present tense hater, passive hates, simple past and past participle hata or hatet, present participle hatende)

1. to hate (somebody / something)

Related terms

• hat (noun)

References

• “hate” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• hata

Etymology

From Old Norse hata.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²hɑːtə/

Verb

hate (present tense hatar, past tense hata, past participle hata, passive infinitive hatast, present participle hatande, imperative hate/hat)

1. to hate (someone, something)

Related terms

• hat (noun)

References

• “hate” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Verb

hāte

1. first-person singular present indicative of hātan

Romanian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English hate.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hejt/
• Rhymes: -ejt
• Hyphenation: hate

Noun

hate ? (uncountable)

1. (Internet, sociology) hate (hateful or spiteful comments, especially online)

Declension

Declension of hate

singular only	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	hate	hate-ul
genitive-dative	hate	hate-ului
vocative

Ternate

Etymology

Does not continue Proto-North Halmahera *gota (“tree”). However, compare Proto-Timor-Alor-Pantar *hate ("tree").

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈha.te/

Noun

hate (Jawi هاتي)

1. tree
2. wood
3. (by extension) woodwork

References

• Frederik Sigismund Alexander de Clercq (1890), Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate, E.J. Brill
• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001), A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Unami

Verb

hate

1. there is, there exists