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恨
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Translingual
Han character
恨 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 心日女 (PAV), four-corner 97032, composition ⿰忄艮)
Derived characters
- 𭉆, 𰜠, 𭦼, 𥈥, 𪬲, 𭏂, 𢝧
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 385, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10588
- Dae Jaweon: page 716, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2299, character 3
- Unihan data for U+6068
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Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡɯːns): semantic 忄 (“heart; thought; emotion”) + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): han6
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): hāing
- Eastern Min (BUC): hâung
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hyng5 / hoeng5 / hing5
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6ghen
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: hèn
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hèn
- Wade–Giles: hên4
- Yale: hèn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: henn
- Palladius: хэнь (xɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xən⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
- Jyutping: han6
- Yale: hahn
- Cantonese Pinyin: han6
- Guangdong Romanization: hen6
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɐn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hen
- Hakka Romanization System: hen
- Hagfa Pinyim: hen4
- Sinological IPA: /hen⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: hen˖
- Sinological IPA: /hen³³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hāing
- Sinological IPA (key): /xaiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hâung
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɑuŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hyng5
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hṳ̄ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /hyŋ¹¹/
- (Xianyou, Youyang)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hyng5
- Sinological IPA (key): /hyŋ²¹/
- (Jiangkou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hoeng5
- Sinological IPA (key): /hœŋ¹¹/
- (Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hing5
- Sinological IPA (key): /hiŋ²¹/
- (Putian, Nanri)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hīrn
- Tâi-lô: hīrn
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hən⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hīn
- Tâi-lô: hīn
- Phofsit Daibuun: hin
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hin²²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hin³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: heng6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hṳ̆ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɯŋ³⁵/
- Wu
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: honH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[m-q]ˤə[n]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡɯːns/
Definitions
恨
- to resent; to hate
- to regret; to pity
- 恨不得 ― hènbùdé ― to wish that one could ("to regret that one may not")
- 恨鐵不成鋼／恨铁不成钢 ― hèntiěbùchénggāng ― to pity someone's lack of improvement
- (chiefly literary) to pine; to long for; to miss; to suffer from intense desire
- 輟耕之壟上，悵恨久之，曰：「苟富貴，無相忘。」 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Chuò gēng zhī lǒng shàng, chànghèn jiǔzhī, yuē: “Gǒu fùguì, wú xiāngwàng.” [Pinyin]
- Taking a break from the work, he went up a raised slope by the fields. Full of care and discontent with himself for quite a while, he burst out, "Lest we forget one another when greatness is achieved!"
辍耕之垄上，怅恨久之，曰：「苟富贵，无相忘。」 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
- hatred; dislike
- 抱恨 ― bàohèn ― to be bitterly regretful
- 懷恨在心／怀恨在心 ― huáihènzàixīn ― to harbour hatred; to entertain hateful thoughts
- 世上決沒有無緣無故的愛，也沒有無緣無故的恨。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 1942, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《在延安文藝座談會上的講話》 (Talks at the Yenan Forum on Literature and Art), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition
- Shìshàng jué méiyǒu wúyuánwúgù de ài, yě méiyǒu wúyuánwúgù de hèn. [Pinyin]
- There is absolutely no such thing in the world as love or hatred with out reason or cause.
世上决没有无缘无故的爱，也没有无缘无故的恨。 [MSC, simp.]
- (Cantonese) to be eager for something
Synonyms
Compounds
- 不恨 (bùhèn)
- 中懷怨恨 / 中怀怨恨
- 仇恨 (chóuhèn)
- 今愁古恨
- 千仇萬恨 / 千仇万恨
- 千愁萬恨 / 千愁万恨
- 可恨 (kěhèn)
- 含恨 (hánhèn)
- 吞恨
- 報仇雪恨 / 报仇雪恨 (bàochóu xuěhèn)
- 報恨 / 报恨 (bàohèn)
- 報讎雪恨 / 报雠雪恨 (bàochóu xuěhèn)
- 嫉恨 (jíhèn)
- 客恨
- 寒門飲恨 / 寒门饮恨
- 心頭之恨 / 心头之恨
- 忌恨 (jìhèn)
- 忿恨
- 怨恨 (yuànhèn)
- 怪恨
- 恨不得 (hènbude)
- 恨之入骨 (hènzhīrùgǔ)
- 恨之切骨 (hènzhīqiègǔ)
- 恨事
- 恨人
- 恨入心髓 (hènrùxīnsuǐ)
- 恨入骨髓 (hènrùgǔsuǐ)
- 恨怒 (hènnù)
- 恚恨 (huìhèn)
- 恨恨
- 恨海
- 恨相知晚
- 恨相見晚 / 恨相见晚
- 恨絕 / 恨绝
- 恨苦
- 恨苦修行
- 恨賦 / 恨赋
- 恨鐵不成鋼 / 恨铁不成钢 (hèn tiě bù chéng gāng)
- 悔恨 (huǐhèn)
- 悵恨 / 怅恨 (chànghèn)
- 慨恨
- 惱恨 / 恼恨 (nǎohèn)
- 愛恨交織 / 爱恨交织
- 愁江恨海
- 愧恨
- 慚恨 / 惭恨
- 憤恨 / 愤恨 (fènhèn)
- 憎恨 (zēnghèn)
- 憤恨不平 / 愤恨不平 (fènhèn bùpíng)
- 憾恨
- 懷恨 / 怀恨 (huáihèn)
- 抱恨 (bàohèn)
- 抱恨終天 / 抱恨终天 (bàohènzhōngtiān)
- 挾恨 / 挟恨 (xiéhèn)
- 新恨
- 新愁舊恨 / 新愁旧恨
- 歎恨 / 叹恨
- 洩恨 / 泄恨 (xièhèn)
- 深仇大恨 (shēnchóudàhèn)
- 痛恨 (tònghèn)
- 發恨 / 发恨
- 相得恨晚
- 相知恨晚
- 相見恨晚 / 相见恨晚 (xiāngjiànhènwǎn)
- 相逢恨晚
- 終天之恨 / 终天之恨 (zhōngtiānzhīhèn)
- 終天抱恨 / 终天抱恨
- 舊恨 / 旧恨 (jiùhèn)
- 舊恨新愁 / 旧恨新愁
- 舊愁新恨 / 旧愁新恨
- 蓄恨
- 解恨 (jiěhèn)
- 記恨 / 记恨 (jìhèn)
- 遺恨 / 遗恨 (yíhèn)
- 遺恨千古 / 遗恨千古
- 銜恨 / 衔恨 (xiánhèn)
- 銜恨蒙枉 / 衔恨蒙枉
- 銜悲茹恨 / 衔悲茹恨
- 長恨傳 / 长恨传
- 長恨歌 / 长恨歌
- 離恨 / 离恨
- 離恨天 / 离恨天
- 雪恨 (xuěhèn)
- 飲恨 / 饮恨 (yǐnhèn)
- 飲恨吞聲 / 饮恨吞声
- 飲恨而終 / 饮恨而终 (yǐnhèn'érzhōng)
- 齎恨 / 赍恨 (jīhèn)
Descendants
References
- “恨”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “恨”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 231.
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Japanese
Kanji
恨
Readings
Compounds
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
- han (resentment as a part of the Korean cultural identity)
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 恨 (MC honH).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ha̠(ː)n]
- Phonetic hangul: [한(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
恨 (eumhun 한탄할 한 (hantanhal han))
- hanja form? of 한 (“deep-seated resentment”) [noun]
- hanja form? of 한 (“to resent; to hate”) [affix]
Compounds
References
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Vietnamese
Han character
恨: Hán Nôm readings: hận, giận, hằn, hờn
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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