hol

See also: Hol, HoL, hòl, hól, høl, hôľ, höl, hỏl, hol-, hol., holʹ, and hö̂l

Translingual

Symbol

hol

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Holu.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Holu terms

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch hol, from Middle Dutch hol, from Old Dutch *hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɦɔl/

Noun

hol (plural holle, diminutive holletjie)

1. A hole, a hollow, a cavity.

Adjective

hol (attributive hol, comparative holler, superlative holste)

1. hollow

Alemannic German

Etymology

From Old High German hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulaz. Cognate with German hohl, Dutch hol, Saterland Frisian hol, English hollow, Icelandic holur.

Adjective

hol

1. (Uri) hollow

References

• Abegg, Emil (1911) Die Mundart von Urseren [The Dialect of Urseren], Frauenfeld, Switzerland: Huber & co., page 35.

Bouyei

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xo˨˦/

Noun

hol

1. garlic

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɦol]

Verb

hol

1. second-person singular imperative of holit

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɦɔl/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: hol
• Rhymes: -ɔl

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch hol, from Old Dutch *hol, from Proto-West Germanic *hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulą.

Noun

hol n (plural holen, diminutive holletje n)

1. a hole, hollow, cavity

   Synonyms: gat, opening, holte, uitsparing

2. (nautical) a cargo hold
3. (vulgar) an anus, arsehole; both anatomical senses of butt

   Synonyms: aars, gat, reet

   Je hol zul je zelf moeten schoonmaken.

   You'll have to clean up your arse yourself.

4. (by extension) any other bodily cavity that resembles a hole
5. an artificial opening such as a slit
6. burrow (a hole or tunnel dug by a small animal, like a rabbit, used as a dwelling)

   Synonyms: leger, burcht, pijp

7. (figuratively) an unsanitary and/or unpleasant place; shithole

   Synonym: gat

Derived terms

general

• donderhol
• enkelholig
• holbewoner
• holdrukker
• holenbeer
• holenbroeder
• holenduif
• holenkunde
• holenkunst
• holenmens
• holenspin
• holenzwaluw
• hoolophouder
• ooghol
• voorhoofdshol

by use, situation or dweller

• berghol
• drakenhol
• haardhol
• kelderhol
• kerkerhol
• konijnenhol
• kruiphol
• manhol
• piratenhol
• rookhol
• rovershol
• satyrshol
• scheepshol
• speelhol
• vossenhol
• waterhol

Descendants

• Afrikaans: hol
• Negerhollands: hol
• → Caribbean Hindustani: hol
• → Lokono: hôle
• → Papiamentu: hòl

Adjective

hol (comparative holler, superlative holst)

1. hollow, having an empty space inside

   Antonyms: vol, gevuld, solide

Declension

Declension of hol
uninflected	hol
inflected	holle
comparative	holler
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial		hol	holler	het holst het holste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	holle	hollere	holste
	n. sing.	hol	holler	holste
	plural	holle	hollere	holste
definite		holle	hollere	holste
partitive		hols	hollers	—

Derived terms

• holst van de nacht
• holte
• uithollen

Descendants

• Afrikaans: hol
• Berbice Creole Dutch: holo
• Negerhollands: hool
• → Papiamentu: hòl, hol

Etymology 2

Deverbal from hollen.

Noun

hol m (plural hollen, diminutive holletje n)

1. a run, the action running

Derived terms

• op hol

Etymology 3

Unknown, perhaps cognate with English hill. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

hol f (plural hollen, diminutive holletje n)

1. a small height in the landscape, such as
   1. a hill (like the Utrecht city wall ruins)
   2. a sloping road (as in Rotterdam)

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

hol

1. inflection of hollen:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
   3. imperative

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulą, noun-derivation from *hulaz (“hollow”), from Proto-Indo-European *kewH- (“hollow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hoːl/
• Rhymes: -oːl

Noun

hol n (genitive singular hols, plural hol)

1. hole
2. cave
3. (dentistry) cavity

Declension

n3	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	hol	holið	hol	holini
accusative	hol	holið	hol	holini
dative	holi	holinum	holum	holunum
genitive	hols	holsins	hola	holanna

German

Verb

hol

1. singular imperative of holen

Hungarian

Alternative forms

• hun (dialectal)

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *ku.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈhol]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: hol
• Rhymes: -ol

Adverb

hol

1. (interrogative) where?

   Synonym: merre? (see also its Usage notes)

   • 1825, Mihály Vörösmarty, Zalán futása, canto 1, lines 5–6, translation by Watson Kirkconnell and Adam Makkai:

     Hol vagyon, aki merész ajakát hadi dalnak eresztvén, / A riadó vak mélységet fölverje szavával, […]

     Where is the one who, with lips all bold, could thunder a war-song / rousing the gloom of the deep and unsighty abysses, […]

Derived terms

Compound words

• ahol
• akárhol
• bárhol
• hollét
• holott
• máshol
• mindenhol
• néhol
• sehol
• valahol

Conjunction

hol

1. now… now, sometimes… sometimes, either… or

   Hol itt, hol ott bukkant ki egy delfin a vízből. ― Sometimes here, sometimes there, a dolphin would pop out of the water.

   Mindig van valami: hol áramszünet, hol csőtörés. ― There’s always something: either it’s a blackout or a burst pipe.

   Hol volt, hol nem volt, volt egyszer egy király. ― Once upon a time there was a king. (literally, “now there was, now there wasn’t…”)

See also

Hungarian table of correlatives (see also Hungarian demonstrative adverbs)

question	question word	this	that	same	every-/all	no-	relative	some-	any-	other-/else-	a few
		e/i-	a/o-	ugyan-	mind- minden-	se(m/n)-	a-	vala-	akár-, bár-	más-	né-
who	ki	ő		ugyanő	mindenki	senki	aki	valaki	akárki, bárki	másvalaki	–
what	mi	ez	az	ugyanez ugyanaz	minden mindez, mindaz	semmi	ami, amely	valami	akármi, bármi	más másvalami	–
which	melyik				mindegyik mind	semelyik egyik sem	amelyik	valamelyik egyik	akármelyik, bármelyik	másik	némelyik
how	hogy(an) miként, mint miképp(en)	így ekként ekképp(en)	úgy akként akképp(en)	ugyanígy ugyanúgy	mindenhogy(an) mindenképp(en) mindenféleképpen	sehogy(an)1 semmiképp(en) semmiféleképpen	ahogy(an) (a)mint (a)miképpen	valahogy(an)2 valamiképp(en)	akárhogy(an), bárhogy(an) akár-/bármiképpen	máshogy(an) másként másképp(en)	némiképpen
what…like what kind	milyen miféle	ilyen efféle	olyan afféle	ugyanilyen ugyanolyan	mindenféle	semmilyen semmiféle	amilyen	valamilyen valamiféle	akármilyen, bármilyen akármiféle, bármiféle	másmilyen, másfajta másféle	néhányféle
where	hol	itt	ott	ugyanitt ugyanott	mindenhol mindenütt	sehol	ahol	valahol	akárhol, bárhol	máshol másutt	néhol
from where	honnan	innen	onnan	ugyaninnen ugyanonnan	mindenhonnan	sehonnan	ahonnan	valahonnan	akárhonnan, bárhonnan	máshonnan	–
to where	hova hová	ide	oda	ugyanide ugyanoda	mindenhova mindenhová	sehova sehová	ahova ahová	valahova valahová	akárhova, bárhova akárhová, bárhová	máshova máshová	–
from which way	merről	erről	arról	ugyanerről ugyanarról	mindenfelől	semerről	amerről	valamerről	akármerről, bármerről	másfelől	–
which way	merre merrefelé	erre errefelé	arra arrafelé	ugyanerre ugyanarra	mindenfelé	semerre	amerre	valamerre	akármerre, bármerre	másfelé	–
why	miért	ezért	azért	ugyanezért ugyanazért	mindenért	semmiért	amiért	valamiért	akármiért, bármiért	másért	–
how many	hány	ennyi	annyi	ugyanennyi ugyanannyi	mind az összes	sehány	ahány	valahány	akárhány, bárhány	–	néhány
how much	mennyi					semennyi	amennyi	valamennyi	akármennyi, bármennyi		némi
what extent	mennyire	ennyire	annyira	ugyanennyire ugyanannyira	(teljesen)	semennyire	amennyire	valamennyire	akármennyire, bármennyire	–	–
what size	mekkora	ekkora	akkora	ugyanekkora ugyanakkora	(az egész)	semekkora	amekkora	valamekkora	akármekkora, bármekkora	–	–
what time	mikor	ekkor	akkor	ugyanekkor ugyanakkor	mindig	soha/sose(m) sohase(m) semmikor	amikor	valamikor	akármikor, bármikor	máskor	néha
how long how far	meddig	eddig	addig	ugyaneddig ugyanaddig	(végig)3	semeddig	amíg ameddig	valameddig	akármeddig, bármeddig	–	–

¹ Semhogy and semmint are conjunctions meaning “(rather) than”, “before” (as in inkább meghal, semhogy… ― he'll rather die than…).
² Valamint is now only used in the sense of “as well as” in enumerations.
³ Mindeddig/-addig mean “up until this/that point” (= egészen eddig/addig).
Csak following relative pronouns expresses “-ever”, e.g. aki csak (“whoever”); is after “any” pronouns emphasizes “no matter”: akármit is (“no matter what”).

Further reading

• hol in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Middle English

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old English hāl, from Proto-West Germanic *hail, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz.

Alternative forms

• hole, ol, ole, hoal, hoale, hoel, hoil, hoille, holle, hoole, wholle
• hal, hale, halle (Northern)

Adjective

hol

1. healthy
2. safe
3. whole, complete, full

Related terms

• holsom

Descendants

• English: whole

  Geordie: hyel

• Middle Scots: hale, hail, haill
  • Scots: hale, haill

Adverb

hol

1. wholly

References

• “hōl(e, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Noun

hol (plural hols)

1. whole, entirety
2. health
3. remedy, cure

Descendants

• English: whole
• Middle Scots: hale, hail, haill
  • Scots: hale, haill
• ⇒ Yola: holghe

References

• “hōl(e, n.(3).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

References

• “hōl(e, adj.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From Old English hol, from Proto-West Germanic *hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulaz (“hollow”).

Alternative forms

• hole, holle, halle

Adjective

hol

1. hollow, empty
2. concave, sunken
3. holey (full of holes)

Descendants

• English: hole
• Scots: holl, how, howe
• Yola: hel

References

• “hō̆l(e, adj.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 3

Noun

hol

1. alternative form of hole (“hole”)

Etymology 4

Noun

hol

1. alternative form of hole (“hull”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Old Norse hóll.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /huːl/

Noun

hol m (definite singular holen, indefinite plural holer, definite plural holene)

1. a low hillock, a mound in a bog or on a flat

Etymology 2

From Old Norse holr.

Adjective

hol (masculine and feminine hol, neuter holt, definite singular and plural hole, comparative holere, indefinite superlative holest, definite superlative holeste)

1. alternative form of hul

Etymology 3

From Old Norse hol.

Alternative forms

• hull

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hoːl/

Noun

hol n (definite singular holet, indefinite plural hol, definite plural hola or holene)

1. form removed by a 2021 spelling decision; superseded by høl

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse holr, from Proto-Germanic *hulaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [hɞ̞ːl], [hɞ̞ːɽ]

Adjective

hol (neuter holt, definite singular and plural hole, comparative holare, indefinite superlative holast, definite superlative holaste)

1. hollow

Etymology 2

From Old Norse hol. Akin to English hole and German Höhle.

Pronunciation

• (Widespread forms) IPA^(key): [ho̞ːl], [ho̞ːɽ], [hɞ̞ːl], [hɞ̞ːɽ], [hɔlˑ], [hɶːl], [hɶːɽ], [høːl], [høːɽ] The latter ones often spelled as høl in dialectal or humorous settings.
  • (Gudbrandsdalen) IPA^(key): [hu̞ɽ]
  • (Setesdalen) IPA^(key): [hʊɔl]
  • (Trøndelag and Solør) IPA^(key): [hɐːɽ], [hæːɽ]
  • (Idd) IPA^(key): [hɵːɽ]

Noun

hol n (definite singular holet, indefinite plural hol, definite plural hola)

1. alternative spelling of hòl (“hole”)

Etymology 3

From Old Norse hóll.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /huːl/

Noun

hol m (definite singular holen, indefinite plural holar, definite plural holane)

1. alternative spelling of hól

References

• “hol” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *hol (“hollow space, cavity”).

Alternative forms

• hola

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xol/, [hol]

Noun

hol n

1. hole
   • late 10th century, Ælfric, Lives of Saints, quoting Matthew 8:20

     Foxas habbaþ holu and fugelas habbaþ nest, and iċ næbbe wununge hwider iċ mīn heafod ahyldan mæġe.

     Foxes have holes and birds have nests, but I have no dwelling where I can rest my head.

Usage notes

Hol refers only to a hole in the ground. For any other kind of hole, þȳrel is used.

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	hol	holu
accusative	hol	holu
genitive	holes	hola
dative	hole	holum

Derived terms

• foxhol
• holian

Descendants

• Middle English: hole, hoil, hol, holle, houl, hul, ol, ole
  • English: hole (see there for further descendants)
  • Scots: hole
  • Yola: hullès (plural)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *hōlą (“vain speech, slander, calumny”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₁l-, *keh₁l- (“to beguile, deceive”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xoːl/, [hoːl]

Noun

hōl n

1. calumny; slander

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	hōl	hōl
accusative	hōl	hōl
genitive	hōles	hōla
dative	hōle	hōlum

Related terms

• hēlan
• hōlian

References

• Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “hol”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Old English to Modern English Translator

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hol, whence also Old English hol, Old Norse holr.

Adjective

hol

1. hollow

Declension

Strong declension of hol

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	holēr, hol	holiu, hol	holaȥ, hol
accusative	holan	hola	holaȥ, hol
genitive	holes	holera	holes
dative	holemu	holeru	holemu
instrumental	holu	—	holu
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hole, hol	holo, hol	holiu, hol
accusative	hole	holo	holiu, hol
genitive	holero	holero	holero
dative	holēm	holēm	holēm

Weak declension of hol

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	holo	hola	hola
accusative	holon	holūn	hola
genitive	holen	holūn	holen
dative	holen	holūn	holen
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	holon	holūn	holon
accusative	holon	holūn	holon
genitive	holōno	holōno	holōno
dative	holōm	holōm	holōm

Declension of comparative of hol

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	holōro	holōra	holōra
accusative	holōron	holōrūn	holōra
genitive	holōren	holōrūn	holōren
dative	holōren	holōrūn	holōren
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	holōron	holōrūn	holōron
accusative	holōron	holōrūn	holōron
genitive	holōrōno	holōrōno	holōrōno
dative	holōrōm	holōrōm	holōrōm

Strong declension of superlative hol

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	holōstēr, holōst	holōstiu, holōst	holōstaȥ, holōst
accusative	holōstan	holōsta	holōstaȥ, holōst
genitive	holōstes	holōstera	holōstes
dative	holōstemu	holōsteru	holōstemu
instrumental	holōstu	—	holōstu
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	holōste, holōst	holōsto, holōst	holōstiu, holōst
accusative	holōste	holōsto	holōstiu, holōst
genitive	holōstero	holōstero	holōstero
dative	holōstēm	holōstēm	holōstēm

Weak declension of superlative hol

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	holōsto	holōsta	holōsta
accusative	holōston	holōstūn	holōsta
genitive	holōsten	holōstūn	holōsten
dative	holōsten	holōstūn	holōsten
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	holōston	holōstūn	holōston
accusative	holōston	holōstūn	holōston
genitive	holōstōno	holōstōno	holōstōno
dative	holōstōm	holōstōm	holōstōm

Noun

hol n

1. hollow

Descendants

• Middle High German: hol
  • Alemannic German: hol
  • German: hohl
  • Luxembourgish: huel

Old Norse

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *hulą.

Noun

hol n

1. a hole

Declension

Declension of hol (strong a-stem)

neuter	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	hol	holit	hol	holin
accusative	hol	holit	hol	holin
dative	holi	holinu	holum	holunum
genitive	hols	holsins	hola	holanna

Related terms

• holr (“hollow”)

Descendants

• Icelandic: hola
• Faroese: hol
• Norwegian Bokmål: høl
• Norwegian Nynorsk: hol
  • → Norwegian Bokmål: hol
• Old Swedish: hol, hul
  • Swedish: hål, (dialectal) hôl
• Old Danish: hol
  • Danish: hul
    • Norwegian Bokmål: hull
• →? Norman: houle (unless from Frankish *hol)
  • → French: houle

Etymology 2

Adjective

hol

1. strong feminine nominative singular of holr
2. strong neuter nominative/accusative plural of holr

Further reading

• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910), “hol”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive