lastimar

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin blastēmāre (variant of blasphēmāre). Doublet of blasfemar, which was borrowed from Latin.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /las.t͡ʃiˈma(ʁ)/ [las.t͡ʃiˈma(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /las.t͡ʃiˈma(ʁ)/ [las.t͡ʃiˈma(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /las.t͡ʃiˈma(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /laʃ.t͡ʃiˈma(ʁ)/ [laʃ.t͡ʃiˈma(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /las.t͡ʃiˈma(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /lɐʃ.tiˈmaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /lɐʃ.tiˈmaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /lɐʃ.tiˈma.ɾi/

Verb

lastimar (first-person singular present lastimo, first-person singular preterite lastimei, past participle lastimado)

1. to regret
2. to mourn
3. to injure

Conjugation

    Conjugation of lastimar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	lastimar
Personal	lastimar	lastimares	lastimar	lastimarmos	lastimardes	lastimarem
Gerund
	lastimando
Past participle
Masculine	lastimado			lastimados
Feminine	lastimada			lastimadas
Indicative
Present	lastimo	lastimas	lastima	lastimamos	lastimais	lastimam
Imperfect	lastimava	lastimavas	lastimava	lastimávamos	lastimáveis	lastimavam
Preterite	lastimei	lastimaste	lastimou	lastimamos1, lastimámos2	lastimastes	lastimaram
Pluperfect	lastimara	lastimaras	lastimara	lastimáramos	lastimáreis	lastimaram
Future	lastimarei	lastimarás	lastimará	lastimaremos	lastimareis	lastimarão
Conditional	lastimaria	lastimarias	lastimaria	lastimaríamos	lastimaríeis	lastimariam
Subjunctive
Present	lastime	lastimes	lastime	lastimemos	lastimeis	lastimem
Imperfect	lastimasse	lastimasses	lastimasse	lastimássemos	lastimásseis	lastimassem
Future	lastimar	lastimares	lastimar	lastimarmos	lastimardes	lastimarem
Imperative
Affirmative		lastima	lastime	lastimemos	lastimai	lastimem
Negative (não)		não lastimes	não lastime	não lastimemos	não lastimeis	não lastimem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Further reading

• “lastimar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin blastēmāre (variant of blasphēmāre). Doublet of blasfemar, which was borrowed from Latin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lastiˈmaɾ/ [las.t̪iˈmaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: las‧ti‧mar

Verb

lastimar (first-person singular present lastimo, first-person singular preterite lastimé, past participle lastimado) (formal or literary in Spain)

1. to injure

   Synonyms: herir, lesionar

2. to hurt (cause physical or emotional pain)

   Synonym: hacer daño

3. to damage, harm

   Synonyms: dañar, hacer daño, perjudicar

4. to offend

   Synonym: ofender

5. to pity

   Synonym: compadecer

6. (reflexive) to hurt oneself

Conjugation

    Conjugation of lastimar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			lastimar
gerund			lastimando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		lastimado		lastimada
		plural		lastimados		lastimadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	lastimo	lastimastú lastimásvos	lastima	lastimamos	lastimáis	lastiman
	imperfect	lastimaba	lastimabas	lastimaba	lastimábamos	lastimabais	lastimaban
	preterite	lastimé	lastimaste	lastimó	lastimamos	lastimasteis	lastimaron
	future	lastimaré	lastimarás	lastimará	lastimaremos	lastimaréis	lastimarán
	conditional	lastimaría	lastimarías	lastimaría	lastimaríamos	lastimaríais	lastimarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	lastime	lastimestú lastimésvos2	lastime	lastimemos	lastiméis	lastimen
	imperfect (ra)	lastimara	lastimaras	lastimara	lastimáramos	lastimarais	lastimaran
	imperfect (se)	lastimase	lastimases	lastimase	lastimásemos	lastimaseis	lastimasen
	future1	lastimare	lastimares	lastimare	lastimáremos	lastimareis	lastimaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		lastimatú lastimávos	lastime	lastimemos	lastimad	lastimen
	negative		no lastimes	no lastime	no lastimemos	no lastiméis	no lastimen

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of lastimar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive lastimar	dative	lastimarme	lastimarte	lastimarle, lastimarse	lastimarnos	lastimaros	lastimarles, lastimarse
	accusative	lastimarme	lastimarte	lastimarlo, lastimarla, lastimarse	lastimarnos	lastimaros	lastimarlos, lastimarlas, lastimarse
with gerund lastimando	dative	lastimándome	lastimándote	lastimándole, lastimándose	lastimándonos	lastimándoos	lastimándoles, lastimándose
	accusative	lastimándome	lastimándote	lastimándolo, lastimándola, lastimándose	lastimándonos	lastimándoos	lastimándolos, lastimándolas, lastimándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative lastima	dative	lastímame	lastímate	lastímale	lastímanos	not used	lastímales
	accusative	lastímame	lastímate	lastímalo, lastímala	lastímanos	not used	lastímalos, lastímalas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative lastimá	dative	lastimame	lastimate	lastimale	lastimanos	not used	lastimales
	accusative	lastimame	lastimate	lastimalo, lastimala	lastimanos	not used	lastimalos, lastimalas
with formal second-person singular imperative lastime	dative	lastímeme	not used	lastímele, lastímese	lastímenos	not used	lastímeles
	accusative	lastímeme	not used	lastímelo, lastímela, lastímese	lastímenos	not used	lastímelos, lastímelas
with first-person plural imperative lastimemos	dative	not used	lastimémoste	lastimémosle	lastimémonos	lastimémoos	lastimémosles
	accusative	not used	lastimémoste	lastimémoslo, lastimémosla	lastimémonos	lastimémoos	lastimémoslos, lastimémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative lastimad	dative	lastimadme	not used	lastimadle	lastimadnos	lastimaos	lastimadles
	accusative	lastimadme	not used	lastimadlo, lastimadla	lastimadnos	lastimaos	lastimadlos, lastimadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative lastimen	dative	lastímenme	not used	lastímenle	lastímennos	not used	lastímenles, lastímense
	accusative	lastímenme	not used	lastímenlo, lastímenla	lastímennos	not used	lastímenlos, lastímenlas, lastímense

Derived terms

• lástima
• lastimadura

Related terms

• lastimarse
• lastimoso

Descendants

• → Sicilian: lastimari

Further reading

• “lastimar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024