Top Qs
Timeline
Chat
Perspective

may

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Remove ads

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Middle English mowen, mayen, moȝen, maȝen, from Old English magan, from Proto-West Germanic *magan, from Proto-Germanic *maganą, from Proto-Indo-European *megʰ-.

Cognate with Dutch mag (may, first- and third-person singular of mogen (to be able to, be allowed to, may)), Low German mögen, German mag (like, first- and third-person singular of mögen (to like, want, require)), Swedish , Icelandic mega, megum. See also might.

Alternative forms

Verb

may (third-person singular simple present may, no present participle, simple past might, no past participle)

  1. (obsolete, intransitive) To be strong; to have power (over). [8th–17th c.]
  2. (obsolete, auxiliary) To be able; can. [8th–17th c.]
    • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: [], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: [] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 3, member 6:
      But many times [] we give way to passions we may resist and will not.
  3. (intransitive, poetic) To be able to go. [from 9th c.]
  4. (modal auxiliary verb, defective) To have permission to, be allowed. Used in granting permission and in questions to make polite requests. [from 9th c.]
    Synonyms: can, could, might
    you may smoke outside;may I sit there?
  5. (modal auxiliary verb, defective) Granting the admissibility of a supposition, in a way that can be semantically either subjunctive or indicative.
    1. (modal auxiliary verb, defective) Expressing a present possibility; possibly. [from 13th c.]
      Synonyms: could, might
      Do you think he may be lying?;   Schrödinger's cat may or may not be in the box
      Sam may be intelligent, but he isn't wise. [This speaker does not know with certainty whether Sam is intelligent, but the speaker allows the possibility.]
      A female crocodile may lay up to fourty eggs. [Typical occurrence.]
      • 2011 October 1, Phil Dawkes, “Sunderland 2-2 West Brom”, in BBC Sport:
        The result may not quite give the Wearsiders a sweet ending to what has been a sour week, following allegations of sexual assault and drug possession against defender Titus Bramble, but it does at least demonstrate that their spirit remains strong in the face of adversity.
    2. (modal auxiliary verb, defective) Expressing a disjunctive or contrastive relation between indicative statements.
      Synonym: might
      You may be my boss, but that doesn't mean you can insult me.]
      A: Sigh. I'm bummed that Stephen Hawking died. B: Well, he may have died, but he's still alive in our hearts. [This speaker does not doubt that Stephen has died; nonetheless, the verb inflection is not different.]
      • 2013 July 6, “The rise of smart beta”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8843, page 68:
        Investors face a quandary. Cash offers a return of virtually zero in many developed countries; government-bond yields may have risen in recent weeks but they are still unattractive. Equities have suffered two big bear markets since 2000 and are wobbling again. It is hardly surprising that pension funds, insurers and endowments are searching for new sources of return.
  6. (subjunctive present, defective, chiefly poetic) Expressing a wish (with present subjunctive effect). [from 16th c.]
    Synonym: might
    may you win;may the weather be sunny;  long may your reign last
    Let us pray that peace may soon return to our war-torn homeland.
    • 1974, Bob Dylan, “Forever Young”, in Planet Waves:
      May God bless and keep you always / May your wishes all come true / May you always do for others / And let others do for you / May you build a ladder to the stars / And climb on every rung / May you stay forever young
    • 1984, “No More Lonely Nights”, performed by Paul McCartney:
      May I never miss the thrill of being near you
  7. (modal auxiliary verb, defective) Used in modesty, courtesy, or concession, or to soften a question or remark.
    • 1744 [1720], Matthew Prior, “Phillis's age”, in Joe Miller's Jests, 7th edition:
      How old may Phillis be, you ask, / Whose Beauty thus all Hearts engages.
Usage notes
  • May is now a defective verb. It has no infinitive, no past participle, and no future tense. Forms of to be allowed to are used to replace these missing tenses.
  • The simple past (both indicative and subjunctive) of may is might.
  • The present tense is negated as may not, which can be contracted to mayn't, although this is old-fashioned; the simple past is negated as might not, which can be contracted to mightn't.
  • May has archaic second-person singular present forms mayest and mayst.
  • Usage of this word in the sense of possibly is considered incorrect by some speakers and writers, as it blurs the meaning of the word in the sense have permission to. These speakers and writers prefer to use the word might instead.
  • Conversely, since may not is particularly likely to promote confusion between the senses of "will possibly not" and "is forbidden to," some rules for the drafting of laws and regulations proscribe "may not" and require the use of "must not" or similar for clarity. Example:
  • Wishes are often cast in the imperative rather than the subjunctive mood, not using the word may, as in Have a great day! rather than May you have a great day. The use of may for this purpose may lend a more formal, literary, or solemn feeling (perhaps jocularly so) to the wish. Moreover, wishes in the subjunctive need not use may if the meaning is clear without it, which is the case mainly for established expressions in the third-person singular such as God help you.
Derived terms
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

See also

Etymology 2

From French mai, so called because it blossoms in the month of May.

Noun

may (uncountable)

  1. The hawthorn bush or its blossoms.
    • 1973, Patsy Adam Smith, The Barcoo Salute, Adelaide: Rigby, page 43:
      The fire from Lindfield was coming down the grassy hillside to the right between the hedges of may.
Derived terms
Translations

Verb

may (third-person singular simple present mays, present participle maying, simple past and past participle mayed)

  1. (poetic, intransitive) To gather may, or flowers in general.
    • 1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur Book XIX, Chapter i leaf 386v:
      Soo it befelle in the moneth of May / quene Gueneuer called vnto her knyȝtes of the table round / and she gafe them warnynge that erly vpon the morowe she wold ryde on mayeng in to woodes & feldes besyde westmynstre.
      "So it befell in the month of May, Queen Guenever called unto her knights of the Table Round; and she gave them warning that early upon the morrow she would ride a-Maying into woods and fields beside Westminster."
    • 1922, A. E. Housman, Last Poems, VII, lines 1-2:
      In valleys green and still / Where lovers wander maying
  2. (poetic, intransitive) To celebrate May Day.

Etymology 3

From Middle English may, maye (woman, maid, girl, virgin), from Old English mǣġ (kinswoman), from Proto-West Germanic *māg, from Proto-Germanic *mēgaz (kinsman). Related to Old English māge, mǣġe (kinswoman) and Old English mǣġ (kinsman).

Noun

may (plural mays)

  1. (archaic) A maiden.
Derived terms

See also

Anagrams

Remove ads

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian май (maj).

Pronunciation

Noun

may (definite accusative mayı, plural maylar)

  1. (North Azerbaijani) May
    Synonym: (South Azerbaijani) مه ()

Declension

More information singular, plural ...
More information nominative, singular ...

See also

Remove ads

Bikol Central

Verb

may

  1. there is
  2. to have

Synonyms

Antonyms

Cebuano

Etymology

From Proto-Central Philippine *may (existential marker).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈmaj/ [ˈmaɪ̯]
  • Hyphenation: may

Verb

may (Badlit spelling ᜋᜌ᜔)

  1. particle used as an existential marker: there be; there is
    Synonyms: anaa, aduna, adia, ania, atua
    Antonym: wala
    may bulawan sa ungib
    there is gold in the cave
    may dagkong mga pating sa dagat
    the big sharks are in the sea
  2. particle used as a possessive marker: to have
    may sakyanan si Maria
    Maria has a personal vehicle
  3. (after sa) near a place
    sa may pultahanby the door
  4. (sometimes with mga) approximately, about some time ago; at around
    may (mga) duha ka buwan nait has been about two months
    may (mga) alas-kuwatroat around four o'clock
  5. (+ adjective prefixed with pagka-) be somewhat
    may pagkatabian si AntonioAntonio is somewhat talkative

Usage notes

  • In contrast to aduna and anaa, which behave as verbs and could thus take postpositive enclitics, may is a particle and is used immediately before the word modified.
    may sakyanan siyashe has a car
    may siya sakyananis ungrammatical

Derived terms

Remove ads

Crimean Tatar

Noun

may

  1. butter, oil

Declension

More information nominative, genitive ...

Synonyms

Gagauz

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian май (maj), from Latin Maius.

Pronunciation

Noun

may

  1. (literary) May
    Synonym: Hederlez ay

See also

  • Büük ay
  • Küçük ay
  • Baba marta
  • Çiçek ay
  • Hederlez ay
  • Kirez ay
  • Orak ay
  • Harman ay
  • Ceviz ay
  • Canavar ay
  • Kasım ay
  • Kırım ay

Further reading

N. A Baskakov, editor (1972), “май”, in Gagauzsko-Russko-Moldavskij Slovarʹ [Gagauz-Russian-Moldovan Dictionary], Moskva: Izdatelʹstvo Sovetskaja Enciklopedija, →ISBN, page 322

Remove ads

Kalasha

Determiner

may

  1. my

Pronoun

may

  1. me

Mapudungun

Adverb

may (Raguileo spelling)

  1. yes

References

  • Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English mǣġ (kinswoman), from Proto-West Germanic *māg, from Proto-Germanic *mēgaz (kinsman).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

may (plural mayn)

  1. woman
Descendants
  • English: may
  • Yola: minymay
References

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

Verb

may

  1. first/third-person singular present indicative of mowen (to be able to)

Northern Kurdish

Noun

may m

  1. intervention

Derived terms

  • maytêder
  • maytêderî
  • maytêker
  • maytêkerî
  • mayê xwe tê dan
  • mayê xwe tê kirin

Pacoh

Etymology

From Proto-Katuic *maj, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *mi[i]ʔ.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

may

  1. you (second person singular pronoun)

See also

Remove ads

Quechua

Adverb

may

  1. where
  2. like, how, very

Derived terms

See also

Pronoun

may

  1. (interrogative pronoun) which

Verb

may

  1. (transitive) to fear

Conjugation

More information infinitive, agentive ...

1 The conjugation -niku is only for the Ayacucho-Chanca variety.
2 The form -sun refers to "you and I together", while the form -sunchik refers to "you and I and other people".

Tagalog

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Central Philippine *may (existential marker). See also Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mai (and).

Pronunciation

Particle

may (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜌ᜔)

  1. particle used as an existential marker: to be; to have
    Synonyms: mayroon, meron
    Antonym: wala
    May tubig sa bahay.
    There is water in the house.
    May pagkain ako rito, sa'yo na lang.
    I have food here, have it.

Usage notes

  • May is used immediately before the thing possessed or existing, whereas mayroon can be separated by enclitics (e.g. lang, kaya, and ako). Sentences like *may ako pagkain would be ungrammatical.

Derived terms

See also

Preposition

may (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜌ᜔)

  1. used after sa: by; around; near
    Kunin mo ang araro doon sa may puno ng mangga.
    Get the shovel by the mango tree.
    (literally, “Get the shovel at the place with the mango tree.”)

Further reading

  • may”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Tat

Etymology

Cognate with Persian مادر (mâdar).

Noun

may

  1. mother

Tatar

Alternative forms

Noun

may

  1. May (Month of the Year)

Declension

See also

Uzbek

Uzbek Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia uz

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian май (maj), from Latin māius.

Noun

may (plural maylar)

  1. May

Declension

More information singular, plural ...
More information 1st person singular, singular ...

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Cognate with Muong Bi băl.

Verb

may (𦁼, , )

  1. to sew
Derived terms

See also

Etymology 2

Cognate with Muong Bi măl.

Adjective

may (𢆧, , 𱜿, 𱝁, , 𠶣)

  1. lucky
    Synonym: hên
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Noun

may (, )

  1. (now rarely in isolation) a cold breeze
See also
  • gió heo may
  • gió may
  • hơi may

Walloon

Walloon Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia wa

Etymology

From Old French mai, from Latin Maius.

Pronunciation

Noun

may

  1. May (month)

See also

Zazaki

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mɑj/
  • Hyphenation: may

Noun

may f

  1. mother
    Synonyms: maye, mae, mare, marde, mey

Wikiwand - on

Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.

Remove ads