pakottaa

Finnish

Etymology

pako- +‎ -ttaa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɑkotːɑːˣ/, [ˈpɑ̝ko̞t̪ːɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ɑkotːɑː
• Syllabification^(key): pa‧kot‧taa
• Hyphenation^(key): pa‧kot‧taa

Verb

pakottaa

1. (transitive) to force (to), compel (to), coerce (to), make [with illative ‘to, into’; or (with verbs) with illative of third infinitive ‘to do, into doing’]

   Ei häntä voi siihen pakottaa.

   You can't force him to do that.

2. (impersonal + partitive) to be sore, ache

   Synonyms: sattua, särkeä, koskea

   Jalkojani pakottaa.

   My legs are sore.

3. (transitive) to repoussé/chase, repoussé and chase (beat malleable metal into shape)

Conjugation

Inflection of pakottaa (Kotus type 53*C/muistaa, tt-t gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		pakotan	en pakota	1st sing.	olen pakottanut	en ole pakottanut
2nd sing.		pakotat	et pakota	2nd sing.	olet pakottanut	et ole pakottanut
3rd sing.		pakottaa	ei pakota	3rd sing.	on pakottanut	ei ole pakottanut
1st plur.		pakotamme	emme pakota	1st plur.	olemme pakottaneet	emme ole pakottaneet
2nd plur.		pakotatte	ette pakota	2nd plur.	olette pakottaneet	ette ole pakottaneet
3rd plur.		pakottavat	eivät pakota	3rd plur.	ovat pakottaneet	eivät ole pakottaneet
passive		pakotetaan	ei pakoteta	passive	on pakotettu	ei ole pakotettu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		pakotin	en pakottanut	1st sing.	olin pakottanut	en ollut pakottanut
2nd sing.		pakotit	et pakottanut	2nd sing.	olit pakottanut	et ollut pakottanut
3rd sing.		pakotti	ei pakottanut	3rd sing.	oli pakottanut	ei ollut pakottanut
1st plur.		pakotimme	emme pakottaneet	1st plur.	olimme pakottaneet	emme olleet pakottaneet
2nd plur.		pakotitte	ette pakottaneet	2nd plur.	olitte pakottaneet	ette olleet pakottaneet
3rd plur.		pakottivat	eivät pakottaneet	3rd plur.	olivat pakottaneet	eivät olleet pakottaneet
passive		pakotettiin	ei pakotettu	passive	oli pakotettu	ei ollut pakotettu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		pakottaisin	en pakottaisi	1st sing.	olisin pakottanut	en olisi pakottanut
2nd sing.		pakottaisit	et pakottaisi	2nd sing.	olisit pakottanut	et olisi pakottanut
3rd sing.		pakottaisi	ei pakottaisi	3rd sing.	olisi pakottanut	ei olisi pakottanut
1st plur.		pakottaisimme	emme pakottaisi	1st plur.	olisimme pakottaneet	emme olisi pakottaneet
2nd plur.		pakottaisitte	ette pakottaisi	2nd plur.	olisitte pakottaneet	ette olisi pakottaneet
3rd plur.		pakottaisivat	eivät pakottaisi	3rd plur.	olisivat pakottaneet	eivät olisi pakottaneet
passive		pakotettaisiin	ei pakotettaisi	passive	olisi pakotettu	ei olisi pakotettu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		pakota	älä pakota	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		pakottakoon	älköön pakottako	3rd sing.	olkoon pakottanut	älköön olko pakottanut
1st plur.		pakottakaamme	älkäämme pakottako	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		pakottakaa	älkää pakottako	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		pakottakoot	älkööt pakottako	3rd plur.	olkoot pakottaneet	älkööt olko pakottaneet
passive		pakotettakoon	älköön pakotettako	passive	olkoon pakotettu	älköön olko pakotettu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		pakottanen	en pakottane	1st sing.	lienen pakottanut	en liene pakottanut
2nd sing.		pakottanet	et pakottane	2nd sing.	lienet pakottanut	et liene pakottanut
3rd sing.		pakottanee	ei pakottane	3rd sing.	lienee pakottanut	ei liene pakottanut
1st plur.		pakottanemme	emme pakottane	1st plur.	lienemme pakottaneet	emme liene pakottaneet
2nd plur.		pakottanette	ette pakottane	2nd plur.	lienette pakottaneet	ette liene pakottaneet
3rd plur.		pakottanevat	eivät pakottane	3rd plur.	lienevät pakottaneet	eivät liene pakottaneet
passive		pakotettaneen	ei pakotettane	passive	lienee pakotettu	ei liene pakotettu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		pakottaa		present	pakottava	pakotettava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st pakottaakseni pakottaaksemme 2nd pakottaaksesi pakottaaksenne 3rd pakottaakseen pakottaaksensa		past	pakottanut	pakotettu
2nd	inessive2	pakottaessa	pakotettaessa	agent4	pakottama
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st pakottaessani pakottaessamme 2nd pakottaessasi pakottaessanne 3rd pakottaessaan pakottaessansa		negative	pakottamaton
	instructive	pakottaen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms. * The third-person singular indicative form pakottaa does not exhibit final gemination, unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.
3rd	inessive	pakottamassa	—
	elative	pakottamasta	—
	illative	pakottamaan	—
	adessive	pakottamalla	—
	abessive	pakottamatta	—
	instructive	pakottaman	pakotettaman
4th3	verbal noun	pakottaminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st pakottamaisillani pakottamaisillamme 2nd pakottamaisillasi pakottamaisillanne 3rd pakottamaisillaan pakottamaisillansa

Derived terms

• pakote
• pakottamaton
• pakottaminen
• pakottautua
• pakotus

Related terms

• pakko

Further reading

• “pakottaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023