prover

See also: prøver

English

Etymology

From prove +‎ -er.

Noun

prover (plural provers)

1. One who or that which proves.
   • 2025 July 9, Joe Campbell, “Network News: GWR hails success of batteries on branch tests”, in RAIL, number 1039, page 13:

     "This is a test bed for the technology, so ultimately while we could convert more trains like this, there's a limited number," said Green. "We see this more as a technology prover to allow that, rather to be put into a new train project."

2. A person, device, or program that performs logical or mathematical proofs.
   • 2008 January 31, Bart Van Kerkhove, Jean Paul Van Bendegem, “Pi on Earth, or Mathematics in the Real World”, in Erkenntnis, volume 68, number 3, →DOI:

     The prover belongs to a family of checking devices, Turing machines or sequences of these, that are capable of establishing the probable correctness of solutions for very large classes of problems.

3. (homeopathy) A person who experimentally ingests a substance and then catalogues every effect or symptom.

Derived terms

• linen prover

Anagrams

• Přerov

Old French

Alternative forms

• prouver
• pruver (Anglo-Norman)

Etymology

From Latin probāre.

Verb

prover

1. to prove

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-v, *-vs, *-vt are modified to f, s, t. This verb has a stressed present stem pruev distinct from the unstressed stem prov. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of prover (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		prover			avoir prové
gerund		en provant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		provant
past participle		prové
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	pruef	prueves	prueve	provons	provez	pruevent
	imperfect	provoie, proveie, provoe, proveve	provoies, proveies, provoes, proveves	provoit, proveit, provot, proveve	proviiens, proviens	proviiez, proviez	provoient, proveient, provoent, provevent
	preterite	provai	provas	prova	provames	provastes	proverent
	future	proverai	proveras	provera	proverons	proveroiz, provereiz, proverez	proveront
	conditional	proveroie, provereie	proveroies, provereies	proveroit, provereit	proveriiens, proveriens	proveriiez, proveriez	proveroient, provereient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	pruef	prues	pruet	provons	provez	pruevent
	imperfect	provasse	provasses	provast	provissons, provissiens	provissoiz, provissez, provissiez	provassent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	prueve	—	provons	provez	—

Derived terms

• esprover

Related terms

• prueve

Descendants

• French: prouver
• → German: prüfen
• → Old English: prōfian
  • Middle English: proven
    • English: prove

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin prōvidēre, with the loss of the second syllable. By surface analysis, pro- +‎ ver.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /pɾoˈve(ʁ)/ [pɾoˈve(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /pɾoˈve(ʁ)/ [pɾoˈve(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /pɾoˈve(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /pɾoˈve(ʁ)/ [pɾoˈve(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /pɾoˈve(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɾuˈveɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɾuˈveɾ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɾuˈbeɾ/ [pɾuˈβeɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɾuˈve.ɾi/

Verb

prover (first-person singular present provejo, first-person singular preterite provi, past participle provido)

1. to provide (give what is needed or desired)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of prover (irregular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	prover
Personal	prover	proveres	prover	provermos	proverdes	proverem
Gerund
	provendo
Past participle
Masculine	provido			providos
Feminine	provida			providas
Indicative
Present	provejo	provês	provê	provemos	provedes	proveem, provêem1
Imperfect	provia	provias	provia	províamos	províeis	proviam
Preterite	provi	proveste	proveu	provemos	provestes	proveram
Pluperfect	provera	proveras	provera	provêramos	provêreis	proveram
Future	proverei	proverás	proverá	proveremos	provereis	proverão
Conditional	proveria	proverias	proveria	proveríamos	proveríeis	proveriam
Subjunctive
Present	proveja	provejas	proveja	provejamos	provejais	provejam
Imperfect	provesse	provesses	provesse	provêssemos	provêsseis	provessem
Future	prover	proveres	prover	provermos	proverdes	proverem
Imperative
Affirmative		provê	proveja	provejamos	provede	provejam
Negative (não)		não provejas	não proveja	não provejamos	não provejais	não provejam

¹Superseded.

Related terms

• ver

Further reading

• “prover”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
• “prover”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

Swedish

Noun

prover

1. indefinite plural of prov