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pro-

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "pro"

Translingual

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

pro-

similar to

Derived terms

Translingual terms prefixed with pro-

Promyrmekiaphila

Phylloscopus proregulus

Vertexprorogatio

English

Alternative forms

ꝓ- (abbreviation, obsolete)

Pronunciation

(UK) IPA^(key): /pɹəʊ/
(US) IPA^(key): /pɹoʊ/
Rhymes: -əʊ

Etymology 1

From Latin pro (“in favour of, on behalf of”).

Prefix

pro-

agreeing with; supporting; favouring
- 2017 August 29, Andrew Kaczynski, “Rep. Rohrabacher says ‘rendezvous’ being set up with Trump to relay info from WikiLeaks’ Assange on DNC hack”, in CNN‎:
  Rohrabacher, who is considered to be among the most pro-Russia members in Congress, met with Assange earlier this month and claims Assange told him that Russia was not involved in the hacking.
- 2020 September 6, “Hong Kong police arrest 289 at protests over election delay”, in The Washington Post, Associated Press‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 19 April 2023, Asia & Pacific‎:
  Police said that 289 people had been arrested, mostly for unlawful assembly. One woman was arrested in the Kowloon district of Yau Ma Tei on charges of assault and spreading pro-independence slogans, the police department said on its Facebook page. It said such slogans are illegal under a newly enacted national security law.
substituting for

Derived terms

(substituting for): pro-form, pronoun, pro-sentence; pro-drop

Translations

prefix meaning supporting or favouring

French: pro- (fr)
Georgian: პრო- (ṗro-)
Greek: υπερ- (el) (yper-)
Hebrew: פְּרוֹ־ (he) (p'ro-)
Malay: pro- (ms)
Maori: pūaroha
Polish: pro- (pl)
Russian: про- (ru) (pro-)
Spanish: pro- (es)
Ukrainian: про- (pro-)

Etymology 2

From Latin pro- (“forward direction, forward movement”).

Prefix

pro-

forward movement
- progress compared to regress

Etymology 3

From Ancient Greek πρό (pró, “before”).

Prefix

pro-

earlier; prior
(biology) precursor (molecule)
Coordinate term: prepro-
rudimentary
in front of

Derived terms

English terms prefixed with pro-

proabolitionist

proadministration

proadrenomedullin

proamphiregulin

proamyloidogenic

proangiogenesis

proanthocyanidin

proapolipoprotein

proaristocratic

proarrhythmogenic

proatherosclerosis

proatherosclerotic

proazaphosphatrane

probureaucratic

procalcification

procarboxypeptidase

procarcinogenic

procardiomyogenic

procardiomyopathic

procentralization

prochondrogenic

pro-circumcisionist

procoagulability

proconservation

prodegenerative

prodiabetogenic

prodifferentiation

prodifferentiative

Translations

prefix

Czech: před- (cs)
Irish: ur-
Polish: przed- (pl)
Russian: пред- (ru) (pred-)
Ukrainian: перед- (pered-)

Antonyms

Further reading

“pro-”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
“pro-”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “pro-”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN. -- lists many derived terms
John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “pro-”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN. -- lists many derived terms

Anagrams

RPO, opr., ROP, orp, OPr., POR

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Czech

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [pro ]

Prefix

pro-

through
forms a perfective verb and makes the verb transitive, the direct object is related to money or time
‎pro- + ‎pít (“to drink”) → ‎propít (“to spend sth on drinking”)

‎pro- + ‎bulet → ‎probulet

‎pro- + ‎podnikat → ‎propodnikat

‎pro- + ‎večírkovat → ‎provečírkovat
(pro- + imperfective base + se) + direction forms a perfective verb and changes the sense of motion from literal to fictive
‎pro- + ‎zdravit → ‎prozdravit se

‎pro- + ‎rvát → ‎prorvat se

‎pro- + ‎kouřit → ‎prokouřit se

‎pro- + ‎žvanit → ‎prožvanit se

Derived terms

Czech terms prefixed with pro-

See also

prů-

Further reading

pro-/prů- in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

Danish

Etymology

From Latin prō.

Prefix

pro-

pro-

Derived terms

Danish terms prefixed with pro-

References

“pro-” in Den Danske Ordbog

French

Pronunciation

Audio (France (Vosges)): (file)

Prefix

pro-

pro-

Derived terms

French terms prefixed with pro-

progouvernemental

prorévolutionnaire

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin prō (“in front of”).

Prefix

pro-

pro-

Derived terms

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Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *pro-, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-. Synchronically served as the prefix counterpart to the preposition prō.

Pronunciation

pro-

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [prɔ]

(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [pro]

prō-

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈproː]

(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈprɔː]

Prefix

prō- or pro-

forward direction, forward movement
prō- + clīvus + -is → prōclīvis

‎prōd- + ‎eō → ‎prōdeō

‎prō- + ‎gradior → ‎prōgredior
1. downward and forward movement
  prō- + flīgō + -ō → prōflīgō
  
  ‎prō- + ‎terō → ‎prōterō
action directed forward or in front
‎prō- + ‎pugnō → ‎prōpugnō

‎prō- + ‎tegō → ‎prōtegō
prominence
‎prō- + ‎*mineō → ‎prōmineō

‎prō- + ‎pendeō → ‎prōpendeō
(prefixed to verbs of utterance) in place of, on behalf of
‎prō- + ‎clāmō → ‎prōclāmō

‎prō- + ‎loquor → ‎prōloquor
bringing into being, forth, or into the open
‎prō- + ‎creō → ‎prōcreō

‎prō- + ‎gignō → ‎prōgignō

‎prō- + ‎*olēs → ‎prōlēs

‎prō- + ‎emō → ‎prōmō
(temporally) prior, fore-
‎pro- + ‎avus → ‎proavus

‎prō- + ‎rogō → ‎prōrogō

‎prō- + ‎videō → ‎prōvideō
advantage
‎prō- + ‎cūrō → ‎prōcūrō

‎prō- + ‎faciō → ‎prōficiō

‎prō(d)- + ‎sum → ‎prōsum

Derived terms

Latin terms prefixed with pro-

References

“pro-” on page 1,463/3 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

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Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin prō-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /prɔ/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -ɔ
Syllabification: pro-

Prefix

pro-

pro-

Derived terms

Polish terms prefixed with pro-

proamerykański

profaszystowski

Further reading

pro- in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *pro-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /prɔ-/

Prefix

pro-

Forms perfective verbs with the following meanings:
1. moving through
  ‎pro- + ‎sẹ́vati (“to radiate”) → ‎prosẹ́vati (“to shine through”)

Derived terms

Category Slovene terms prefixed with pro- not found

Spanish

Prefix

pro-

pro-

Derived terms

Further reading

“pro-”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024

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