January 22

January 22 is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 343 days remaining until the end of the year (344 in leap years).

Events

Up to 1900

• 565 – Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus.
• 1462 – The Portuguese reach Sao Vicente, Cape Verde.
• 1506 – The first contingent of 150 Swiss Guards arrive in Vatican City.
• 1517 – The Ottoman Empire under Selim I defeats the Mamluk Sultanate and captures the area that is now Egypt in the Battle of Ridaniya.
• 1521 – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor opens the Diet of Worms.
• 1555 – The Ava Kingdom falls to the Taungoo Dynasty in what is now present–day Burma.
• 1689 – The Convention Parliament convenes on whether James II of England/James VII of Scotland abandoned the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland when he fled to France in 1688.
• 1771 – Spain gives Port Egmont in the Falkland Islands to England.
• 1824 – The Ashantis defeat British forces in the Gold Coast, present–day Ghana.
• 1840 – British colonists reach New Zealand.
• 1849 – Second Anglo-Sikh War: The Siege of Multan ends after nine months when the last defenders of Multan, Punjab, surrender.
• 1863 – The January Uprising begins the Poland, Lithuania and Belarus against Russian rule.
• 1873 – The British clipper Northfleet collides with Spanish steamship Murillo off Kent, killing 293 people.
• 1879 – Anglo-Zulu War: In the Battle of Rorke's Drift, 139 British soldiers successfully defend their garrison against an onslaught by 3 to 4,000 Zulu warriors. On the same day, Zulu warriors defeat British troops at the Battle of Isandlwana.
• 1890 – The United Mine Workers of America trade union is founded in Columbus, Ohio.
• 1899 – Leaders of six Australian colonies meet in Melbourne to discuss uniting.

1901 – 2000

• 1901 – Edward VII becomes King after Queen Victoria, dies. Her death ends the Victorian era, having reigned longer than any British monarch before her.
• 1905 – Bloody Sunday in Saint Petersburg: Start of the 1905 Revolution in Russia.
• 1906 – The ship SS Valencia runs aground on Vancouver Island, killing more than 130 people.
• 1915 – Over 600 people are killed in Guadalajara, Mexico, when their train plunges off the tracks into a canyon.
• 1917 – World War I: US President Woodrow Wilson calls for "peace without victory" in Europe.
• 1924 – Ramsay MacDonald becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He is the first Prime Minister from the Labour Party.
• 1927 – Teddy Wakelam gives his first live video commentary of a football match anywhere in the world, between Arsenal FC and Sheffield United.
• 1931 – Sir Isaac Isaacs sworn in as the first Australian–born Governor-General of Australia.
• 1941 – World War II: British and Commonwealth forces capture Tobruk in Libya from the Italians in Operation Bypass.
• 1944 – World War II: Allies begin Operation Shingle (an attack on Anzio, Italy).
• 1946 – The "Central Intelligence Group" is created. It is a forerunner of the Central Intelligence Agency.
• 1953 – The Crucible, a play by Arthur Miller, starts on Broadway.
• 1957 – Israel leaves the Sinai Peninsula.
• 1959 – The Knox Mine Disaster occurs in Patston City, Pennsylvania kills 12 people, as water breaches the mine.
• 1962 – The Organization of American States (OAS) makes Cuba no longer a member.
• 1963 – The Elysee Treaty of cooperation between France and the Federal Republic of Germany is signed by French President Charles de Gaulle and German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer.
• 1968 – Apollo 5 lifts off, carrying the first lunar module into space.
• 1969 – A gunman attempts to kill Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev.
• 1970 – The world's first jumbo jet, a Boeing 747, enters commercial service for the first time, flying from New York City to London.
• 1971 – The Singapore Declaration, an important part of the treaty of the Commonwealth of Nations.
• 1973 – A Boeing 737 of the Royal Jordanian Airline explodes at Kano Airport in northern Nigeria, killing 176 people.
• 1973 – George Foreman defeats Joe Frazier to win the World Heavyweight Boxing champion.
• 1973 – The Supreme Court of the United States shows its decision in Roe vs. Wade, stopping laws that limit abortion during the first six months of being pregnant.
• 1980 – Andrei Sakharov is arrested in Moscow.
• 1984 – The Apple Macintosh computer is introduced.
• 1987 – Pennsylvania politician R. Budd Dwyer shoots and kills himself during a live press conference.
• 1987 – Philippine Security forces open fire on a crowd of 10,000 to 15,000 demonstrators in Manila, killing 13 people.
• 1991 – Gulf War: Three SCUDs and one patriot missile hit Ramat Gan, Israel, killing 96 people.

From 2001

• 2003 – The Netherlands vote for a new parliament after the one before had only been into power for 86 days.
• 2006 – Anibal Cavaco Silva is elected President of Portugal.
• 2006 – Evo Morales becomes President of Bolivia.
• 2006 – Russia uncovers that the UK spied through a device disguised as a rock.
• 2007 – More than 88 people are killed in two car bombings in Baghdad.
• 2015 – After Houthi rebels seize the Presidential palace in the capital, Sana'a, Yemen's President Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi resigns following months of unrest.
• 2018 – Former footballer George Weah becomes President of Liberia.

Births

Up to 1900

• 826 – Emperor Montoku of Japan (d. 858)
• 1263 – Ibn Taymiyyah, Syrian scholar and theologian (d. 1328)
• 1440 – Ivan III of Russia (d. 1505)
• 1552 – Walter Raleigh, English poet, soldier, courtier, spy and explorer (d. 1618)
• 1561 – Sir Francis Bacon, English philosopher (d. 1626)
• 1592 – Pierre Gassendi, French philosopher (d. 1655)
• 1690 – Nicolas Lancret, French painter (d. 1743)
• 1729 – Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, German writer and philosopher (d. 1781)
• 1733 – Philip Carteret, English navy captain, discovered Pitcairn Island (d. 1796)
• 1781 – François Habeneck, French violinist and conductor (d. 1849)
• 1788 – Lord Byron, English poet (d. 1824)
• 1796 – Karl Ernst Claus, Russian chemist (d. 1864)
• 1797 – Maria Leopoldina of Austria, Empress of Brazil (d. 1826)
• 1814 – Eduard Zeller, German philosopher and theologian (d. 1908)
• 1831 – Prince Christian III of Schleswig-Holstein (d. 1917)
• 1840 – Ernest Roland Wilberforce, English bishop (d. 1907)
• 1843 – Friedrich Blass, German classical scholar (d. 1907)
• 1849 – August Strindberg, Swedish novelist and playwright (d. 1912)
• 1855 – Albert Ludwig Sigesmund Neisser, German physician (d. 1916)
• 1858 – Beatrice Webb, American sociologist and economist (d. 1943)
• 1865 – Wilbur Scoville, American pharmacologist and chemist (d. 1942)
• 1869 – José Vicente de Freitas, 97th Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1952)
• 1874 – Vincenzo Lapuma, Italian cardinal (d. 1943)
• 1875 – D. W. Griffith, American actor, movie director and movie producer (d. 1948)
• 1877 – Hjalmar Schacht, German banker and politician (d. 1970)
• 1879 – Francis Picabia, French–born painter and poet (d. 1953)
• 1880 – Frigyes Riesz, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1956)
• 1882 – Theodore Kosloff, Russian–American actor, ballet dancer and choreographer (d. 1958)
• 1885 – Eugène Christophe, French cyclist (d. 1970)
• 1890 – Fred M. Vinson, Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1953)
• 1891 – Antonio Gramsci, Italian philosopher and political theorist (d. 1937)
• 1892 – Marcel Dassault, French businessman (d. 1986)
• 1893 – Conrad Veidt, German actor (d. 1943)
• 1897 – Blind Willie Johnson, American blues and gospel musician (d. 1945)
• 1897 – Rosa Ponselle, American soprano (d. 1981)
• 1898 – Ross Barnett, American politician, 52nd Governor of Mississippi (d. 1987)
• 1898 – Sergei Eisenstein, Russian movie director (d. 1948)
• 1900 – Ernst Busch, German actor and singer (d. 1980)

1901 – 1950

• 1901 – Walther Sommerlath, German businessman, father of Queen Silvia of Sweden (d. 1990)
• 1901 – Ken G. Hall, Australian movie producer, director and screenwriter (d. 1994)
• 1904 – George Balanchine, Georgian–born choreographer (d. 1983)
• 1904 – Arkady Gaidar, Russian writer (d. 1941)
• 1907 – Dixie Dean, English footballer (d. 1980)
• 1908 – Lev Davidovich Landau, Soviet physicist (d. 1968)
• 1909 – U Thant, Burmese diplomat and United Nations Secretary-General (d. 1974)
• 1909 – Ann Sothern, American actress (d. 2004)
• 1911 – Bruno Kreisky, Chancellor of Austria (d. 1990)
• 1913 – Henry Bauchau, Belgian psychoanalyst (d. 2012)
• 1913 – William Conway, Irish cardinal (d. 1977)
• 1915 – Heinrich Albertz, Mayor of Berlin (d. 1993)
• 1916 – Bill Durnan, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1972)
• 1916 – Henri Dutilleux, French composer (d. 2013)
• 1918 – Elmer Lach, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2015)
• 1918 – Bruno Zevi, Italian architect, historian and professor (d. 2000)
• 1920 – Irving Kristol, American political commentator (d. 2009)
• 1920 – Chiara Lubich, Italian religious leader (d. 2008)
• 1920 – Alf Ramsey, English football manager (d. 1999)
• 1922 – Howard Moss, American poet, playwright and critic (d. 1987)
• 1923 – Diana Douglas, Bermudan–American actress (d. 2015)
• 1924 – Ortvin Sarapu, New Zealand chess player (d. 1999)
• 1925 – Bobby George, American baseball player (d. 1985)
• 1929 – Petr Eben, Czech composer, organist and choirmaster (d. 2007)
• 1931 – Galina Zybina, Russian shot putter and javelin thrower
• 1932 – Piper Laurie, American actress
• 1934 – Vijay Anand, Indian actor, director, screenwriter and producer (d. 2004)
• 1934 – Bill Bixby, American actor (d. 1993)
• 1935 – Seymour Cassel, American actor
• 1935 – Saloma, Malaysian actress and singer, wife of P. Ramlee.
• 1936 – Ong Teng Cheong, President of Singapore (d. 2002)
• 1936 – Alan J. Heeger, American chemist
• 1936 – Valerio Zanone, Italian politician (d. 2016)
• 1938 – Altair Gomes de Figueiredo, Brazilian footballer
• 1939 – J. C. Trembley, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1994)
• 1939 – Alfredo Palacio, former President of Ecuador
• 1940 – John Hurt, British actor (d. 2017)
• 1940 – Gillian Shepherd, British educator and politician
• 1941 – Jaan Kaplinski, Estonian writer and philosopher
• 1942 – Mimis Domazos, Greek footballer
• 1945 – Jean-Pierre Nicolas, French rally driver
• 1945 – Alojz Uran, former Roman Catholic Archbishop of Ljubljana
• 1945 – Christoph Schönborn, Austrian cardinal
• 1946 – Malcolm McLaren, British music manager (d. 2010)
• 1946 – Serge Savard, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1947 – Vladimir Oravsky, Swedish author
• 1948 – Gilbert Levine, American conductor
• 1949 – Steve Perry, American singer, composer and musician

1951 – 1975

• 1951 – Ondrej Nepela, Slovakian figure skater (d. 1989)
• 1953 – Myung-whun Chung, South Korean pianist and conductor
• 1954 – Chris Lemmon, American actor
• 1955 – Keiko Takahashi, Japanese actress
• 1955 – Thomas David Jones, American astronaut
• 1955 – Neil Bush, American businessman, brother of George W. Bush
• 1957 – Francis Wheen, English writer and journalist
• 1958 – Nikos Anastopoulos, Greek footballer
• 1959 – Linda Blair, American actress
• 1959 – Urs Meier, Swiss football referee
• 1960 – Michael Hutchence, Australian musician (d. 1997)
• 1962 – Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu, Malaysian Head of State
• 1963 – Neeraj Vora, Indian actor (d. 2017)
• 1964 – Nigel Benn, English boxer
• 1965 – Steven Adler, American drummer (Guns N' Roses)
• 1965 – Diane Lane, American actress
• 1967 – Eleanor McEvoy, Irish singer songwriter
• 1968 – Guy Fieri, American television host, chef and restaurateur
• 1968 – Heath, Japanese singer-songwriter and bass player
• 1968 – Mauricio Serna, Colombian footballer
• 1970 – Abraham Olano, Spanish cyclist
• 1971 – Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu, Australian musician (d. 2017)
• 1971 – Stan Collymore, English footballer
• 1971 – Sergei Zamorski, Russian–Estonian footballer
• 1972 – Namrata Shirodkar, Indian actress
• 1973 – Rogério Ceni, Brazilian footballer
• 1974 – Joseph Muscat, 13th Prime Minister of Malta

From 1976

• 1977 – Hidetoshi Nakata, Japanese footballer
• 1977 – Mario Domm, Mexican singer-songwriter, pianist and producer
• 1980 – Jonathan Woodgate, English footballer
• 1981 – Ben Moody, American musician
• 1981 – Beverley Mitchell, American actress
• 1981 – Ibrahima Sonko, French footballer
• 1982 – Fabricio Coloccini, Argentine footballer
• 1984 – Ben Eager, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1984 – Todor Slavov, Bulgarian rally driver (d. 2015)
• 1985 – Mohamed Sissoko, Malian footballer
• 1986 – Lee Pa-ni, South Korean model
• 1987 – Astrid Jacobsen, Norwegian skier
• 1987 – Shane Long, Irish footballer
• 1988 – Greg Oden, American basketball player
• 1990 – Alizé Cornet, French tennis player
• 1991 – Elizabeth Simmonds, British swimmer
• 1993 – Rio Haryanto, Indonesian racing driver
• 1993 – Tommy Knight, English actor
• 1994 – Hendrik Bonmann, German footballer
• 2002 – Caitlin Clark, American basketball player

Deaths

Up to 1900

• 239 – Cao Rui, Chinese Emperor (b. 205)
• 1341 – Louis I, Duke of Bourbon (b. 1279)
• 1531 – Andrea del Sarto, Italian painter (b. 1487)
• 1592 – Elisabeth of Austria, Queen of France (b. 1554)
• 1599 – Cristofano Malvezzi, Italian organist and composer (b. 1547)
• 1666 – Shah Jahan, Mughal Emperor (b. 1592)
• 1767 – Johann Gottlob Lehmann, German scientist (b. 1719)
• 1779 – Jeremiah Dixon, English surveyor and astronomer (b. 1733)
• 1840 – Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, German anthropologist (b. 1752)
• 1892 – Joseph P. Bradley, American jurist (b. 1813)
• 1900 – David Edward Hughes, Welsh–American physicist and inventor (b. 1831)

1901 – 2000

• 1901 – Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom (b. 1819)
• 1919 – Carl Larsson, Swedish painter (b. 1853)
• 1922 – Fredrik Bajer, Danish politician and pacifist (b. 1837)
• 1922 – Pope Benedict XV (b. 1854)
• 1922 – Camille Jordan, French mathematician (b. 1838)
• 1929 – R. C. Lehmann, English journalist, writer and politician (b. 1856)
• 1942 – Walter Sickert, German painter (b. 1860)
• 1945 – Else Lasker-Schüler, German poet (b. 1869)
• 1950 – Alan Hale, Sr., American actor (b. 1892)
• 1950 – Corinne Luchaire, French actress (b. 1921)
• 1951 – Karl Nessler, German–American hairdresser (b. 1872)
• 1951 – Lawson Robertson, Scottish–American high jumper (b. 1883)
• 1954 – Princess Margaret of Prussia (b. 1872)
• 1957 – Ralph Barton Perry, American philosopher (b. 1876)
• 1959 – Mike Hawthorn, English racing driver (b. 1929)
• 1963 – William Godfrey, English cardinal (b. 1889)
• 1968 – Duke Kahanamoku, Hawaiian–American swimmer and surfer (b. 1890)
• 1971 – Harry Frank Guggenheim, American businessman and publisher (b. 1890)
• 1973 – Lyndon B. Johnson, 36th President of the United States (b. 1908)
• 1978 – Herbert Sutcliffe, English cricketer (b. 1894)
• 1982 – Eduardo Frei Montalva, President of Chile (b. 1911)
• 1982 – Tommy Tucker, American singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1933)
• 1990 – Mariano Rumor, Italian politician (b. 1915)
• 1990 – Roman Vishniac, Russian–American photographer (b. 1897)
• 1991 – Kenas Aroi, Nauruan politician (b. 1942)
• 1994 – Telly Savalas, American entertainer (b. 1924)
• 1994 – Jean-Louis Barrault, French actor and director (b. 1910)
• 1995 – Jerry Blackwell, American professional wrestler (b. 1949)
• 1995 – Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, mother of John F. Kennedy (b. 1890)
• 1998 – C. Elmer Anderson, Governor of Minnesota (b. 1912)

From 2001

• 2002 – Stanley Marcus, American businessman (b. 1905)
• 2003 – Bill Mauldin, American cartoonist (b. 1921)
• 2005 – Carlo Orelli, Italian soldier and supercentenarian (b. 1894)
• 2007 – Abbé Pierre, French priest and monk (b. 1912)
• 2008 – Claude Piron, Swiss translator (b. 1931)
• 2008 – Heath Ledger, Australian actor (b. 1979)
• 2010 – Sultan Iskandar of Johor, Malaysian Head of State (b. 1932)
• 2010 – Jean Simmons, British actress (b. 1929)
• 2012 – Joe Paterno, American college football coach (b. 1926)
• 2014 – Carlo Mazzacurati, Italian movie director (b. 1956)
• 2015 – Wendell H. Ford, American politician, Governor of Kentucky (b. 1924)
• 2015 – Joan Hinde, English trumpeter and entertainer (b. 1933)
• 2015 – Dacia Valent, Somali–Italian politician (b. 1963)
• 2016 – Homayoun Behzadi, Iranian footballer (b. 1941)
• 2016 – Miloslav Ransdorf, Czech politician (b. 1953)
• 2016 – Rik Wilson, American ice hockey player (b. 1962)
• 2016 – Cecil Parkinson, English politician (b. 1931)
• 2016 – Kamer Genç, Turkish politician (b. 1940)
• 2017 – Dan Caspi, Romanian–Israeli media theorist and academic (b. 1945)
• 2017 – Chen Yu-mei, Taiwanese politician (b. 1966)
• 2017 – Moshe Gershuni, Israeli painter and sculptor (b. 1936)
• 2017 – Jaki Liebezeit, German musician (b. 1938)
• 2017 – Andy Marte, Dominican baseball player (b. 1983)
• 2017 – Yordano Ventura, Dominican baseball player (b. 1991)
• 2017 – Pete Overend Watts, English musician (b. 1947)
• 2018 – Jimmy Armfield, English footballer (b. 1935)
• 2018 – Billy Hancock, American singer and guitarist (b. 1946)
• 2018 – Reinier Kreijermaat, Dutch footballer (b. 1935)
• 2018 – Ursula K. Le Guin, American science fiction writer (b. 1929)

Holidays and observances

• New Zealand – Wellington Anniversary
• Ukraine – Reunion Day
• Poland – Grandfather's Day