Year 1165 (MCLXV ) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar .
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William the Lion , King of Scotland, 1165–1214
By place
Europe
October 15 – Battle of Fahs al-Jullab : Almohad forces defeat Ibn Mardanish , ruler of the Taifa of Murcia . His army is routed at a place called the "merchant field" near Alhama , in the valley of the Guadalentín .[1]
Reconquista – Gerald the Fearless , Portuguese warrior and adventurer, seizes the city of Évora by surprise. The same year (or soon after), he takes Cáceres , Trujillo , Montánchez , Moura , Monsaraz and Alconchel from the Almohads .
Benjamin of Tudela , Spanish Jewish traveler, sets out on his journey from the northeast Iberian Peninsula (modern Spain ), on a pilgrimage to the land of Israel and beyond.[2]
Otto II, Margrave of Meissen , grants Leipzig city and market privileges. The city is located at the crossways of the Via Regia and Via Imperii trade routes.
July 28 – Ibn Arabi , Andalusian philosopher (d. 1240 )[4]
August 21 – Philip II , king of France (d. 1223 )
October – Joan of England , queen consort of Sicily (d. 1199 )
November – Henry VI , Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1197 )[5]
Blacatz , French knight and troubadour (d. 1237 )
Jean de Montmirail , French nobleman and Cistercian monk (d. 1217 )
Philippe du Plessis , French Grand Master (d. 1209 )
Han (or Gogshu), Chinese empress (d. 1200 )
Lady Shizuka Gozen , Japanese court dancer (d. 1211 )
Theobald Walter, 1st Chief Butler of Ireland , Anglo-Norman High Sheriff (d. 1206 )
Approximate date
Albéric Clément , 1st Marshal of France (d. 1191 )
Albert , German-born bishop of Riga (d. 1229 )
Jean Bodel , French poet and writer (d. 1210 )
Conrad III of Scharfenberg , German cleric and bishop (d. 1224 )
Henry I ("the Brave"), duke of Brabant (d. 1235 )
Henry the Bearded , High Duke of Poland (d. 1238 )
Hermann von Salza , German nobleman , Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights (d. 1239 )
Renaud I, Count of Dammartin (Reginald of Boulogne), French nobleman (d. 1227 )
Ruben II (or Roupen), Armenian prince (d. 1170 )
Waleran III (or Walram), duke of Limburg (d. 1226 )
William the Breton , French chronicler (d. 1225 )
January 24 – William of Ypres , Flemish nobleman (b. 1090 )
February 7 – Stephen of Armenia , Armenian nobleman (b. 1111 )
March 27 – Awn al-Din ibn Hubayra , Abbasid vizier (b. 1105 )
April 11
July 22 – John Marshal (or FitzGilbert), Marshal of England (b. 1105)
September 5 – Nijō , emperor of Japan (b. 1143 )
December 9 – Malcolm IV , king of Scotland (b. 1141 )
Adalgott of Disentis, German abbot and bishop
Goswin of Anchin , Flemish Benedictine abbot (b. 1086 )
Gottfried of Admont , German Benedictine abbot
Helias de Say (or Hellias), Anglo-Norman nobleman
Muhammad al-Idrisi , Arab geographer (b. 1100 )
Rostislav Glebovich , Kievan prince of Minsk
Sibylla of Anjou , countess consort of Flanders (b. 1112 )
Vallvé Bermejo, Joaquín (1972). "La división territorial en la España musulmana (II): la cora de "Tudmīr" (Murcia)". Al-Andalus , p. 171.
Shatzmiller, Joseph (1998). "Jews, Pilgrimage, and the Christian Cult of Saints: Benjamin of Tudela and his Contemporaries", p. 338. ISBN 978-0-8020-0779-7 .