Pulitzer Prize for Poetry

The Pulitzer Prize for Poetry is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes awarded annually for Letters, Drama, and Music. It was first presented in 1922, and is given for a distinguished volume of original verse by an American author, published during the preceding calendar year.

Finalists have been announced since 1980, ordinarily two others beside the winner.^[1]

Before the establishment of the award, the 1918 and 1919 Pulitzer cycles included three Pulitzer Prize Special Citations and Awards (called at the time the Columbia University Poetry Prize) for poetry books funded by "a special grant from The Poetry Society."^[1] See Special Pulitzers for Letters.

Winners

In its first 92 years to 2013, the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry was awarded 92 times. Two were given in 2008, none in 1946.^[1] Robert Frost won the prize four times and several others won it more than once (below).

Pulitzer Special Prizes for Poetry, 1918 and 1919

Year	Poet	Title
1918	Sara Teasdale	Love Songs
1919	Carl Sandburg	Cornhuskers
1919	Margaret Widdemer	The Old Road to Paradise

1920s–1970s

Pulitzer Prize for Poetry winners, 1922–1979^[2]

Year	Poet	Title	Ref.
1922	Edwin Arlington Robinson	Collected Poems
1923	Edna St. Vincent Millay	"The Ballad of the Harp-Weaver," "A Few Figs from Thistles," and "Eight Sonnets"
1924	Robert Frost	New Hampshire: A Poem with Notes and Grace Notes	[3][4]
1925	Edwin Arlington Robinson	The Man Who Died Twice
1926	Amy Lowell	What's O'Clock
1927	Leonora Speyer	Fiddler's Farewell
1928	Edwin Arlington Robinson	Tristram
1929	Stephen Vincent Benét	John Brown's Body
1930	Conrad Aiken	Selected Poems
1931	Robert Frost	Collected Poems	[3][4]
1932	George Dillon	The Flowering Stone
1933	Archibald MacLeish	Conquistador
1934	Robert Hillyer	Collected Verse
1935	Audrey Wurdemann	Bright Ambush
1936	Robert P. T. Coffin	Strange Holiness
1937	Robert Frost	A Further Range	[3][4]
1938	Marya Zaturenska	Cold Morning Sky
1939	John Gould Fletcher	Selected Poems
1940	Mark Van Doren	Collected Poems
1941	Leonard Bacon	Sunderland Capture
1942	William Rose Benét	The Dust Which Is God
1943	Robert Frost	A Witness Tree	[3][4]
1944	Stephen Vincent Benét	Western Star
1945	Karl Shapiro	V-Letter and Other Poems
1946	No award given
1947	Robert Lowell	Lord Weary's Castle
1948	W. H. Auden	The Age of Anxiety
1949	Peter Viereck	Terror and Decorum
1950	Gwendolyn Brooks	Annie Allen	[5]
1951	Carl Sandburg	Complete Poems
1952	Marianne Moore	Collected Poems
1953	Archibald MacLeish	Collected Poems 1917-1952
1954	Theodore Roethke	The Waking
1955	Wallace Stevens	Collected Poems
1956	Elizabeth Bishop	Poems: North & South — A Cold Spring
1957	Richard Wilbur	Things of This World
1958	Robert Penn Warren	Promises: Poems 1954-1956
1959	Stanley Kunitz	Selected Poems 1928-1958
1960	W. D. Snodgrass	Heart's Needle
1961	Phyllis McGinley	Times Three: Selected Verse From Three Decades
1962	Alan Dugan	Poems
1963	William Carlos Williams	Pictures from Brueghel
1964	Louis Simpson	At the End of the Open Road	[6]
1965	John Berryman	77 Dream Songs
1966	Richard Eberhart	Selected Poems
1967	Anne Sexton	Live or Die	[7]
1968	Anthony Hecht	The Hard Hours
1969	George Oppen	Of Being Numerous
1970	Richard Howard	Untitled Subjects
1971	W. S. Merwin	The Carrier of Ladders	[8]
1972	James Wright	Collected Poems
1973	Maxine Kumin	Up Country
1974	Robert Lowell	The Dolphin
1975	Gary Snyder	Turtle Island
1976	John Ashbery	Self-portrait in a Convex Mirror	[9]
1977	James Merrill	Divine Comedies
1978	Howard Nemerov	Collected Poems
1979	Robert Penn Warren	Now and Then

1980s

Pulitzer Prize for Poetry winners, 1980–1989^[2]

Year	Poet	Title	Result	Ref.
1980	Donald Justice	Selected Poems	Winner
	Richard Hugo	Selected Poems	Finalist
	Dave Smith	Goshawk, Antelope	Finalist
1981	James Schuyler	The Morning of the Poem	Winner
	Richard Hugo	The Right Madness on Skye	Finalist
	Mark Strand	Selected Poems	Finalist
1982	Sylvia Plath	The Collected Poems	Winner
	Dave Smith	Dream Flights	Finalist
	Charles Wright	The Southern Cross	Finalist
1983	Galway Kinnell	Selected Poems	Winner	[10]
	Jack Gilbert	Monolithos, Poems 1962 and 1982	Finalist
	Charles Wright	Country Music, Selected Early Poems	Finalist
1984	Mary Oliver	American Primitive	Winner	[11][12]
	John Engels	Weather-Fear: New and Selected Poems	Finalist
	Josephine Miles	Collected Poems, 1930-1982	Finalist
1985	Carolyn Kizer	Yin	Winner
	Robert Duncan	Ground Work	Finalist
	Charles Wright	The Other Side of the River	Finalist
1986	Henry S. Taylor	The Flying Change	Winner
	Andrew Hudgins	Saints and Strangers	Finalist
	Charles Simic	Selected Poems, 1963-1983	Finalist
1987	Rita Dove	Thomas and Beulah	Winner
	Hayden Carruth	The Selected Poetry of Hayden Carruth	Finalist
	Charles Simic	Unending Blues	Finalist
1988	William Meredith	Partial Accounts: New and Selected Poems	Winner
	Lucille Clifton	Good Woman: Poems and a Memoir 1969-1980 and Next: New Poems	Finalist
	C.K. Williams	Flesh and Blood	Finalist
1989	Richard Wilbur	New and Collected Poems	Winner
	Donald Hall	The One Day	Finalist	[13]
	Garrett Hongo	The River of Heaven	Finalist

1990s

Pulitzer Prize for Poetry winners, 1990–1999^[2]

Year	Poet	Title	Result	Ref.
1990	Charles Simic	The World Doesn't End	Winner	[14][15]
	Adrienne Rich	Time's Power	Finalist
	Paul Zweig	Selected and Last Poems	Finalist
1991	Mona Van Duyn	Near Changes	Winner
	Anthony Hecht	The Transparent Man	Finalist
	Gerald Stern	Leaving Another Kingdom	Finalist
1992	James Tate	Selected Poems	Winner	[16]
	Robert Creeley	Selected Poems	Finalist
	Adrienne Rich	An Atlas of the Difficult World	Finalist
1993	Louise Glück	The Wild Iris	Winner	[17]
	John Ashbery	Hotel Lautreamont	Finalist
	James Merrill	Selected Poems 1946-1985	Finalist
1994	Yusef Komunyakaa	Neon Vernacular: New and Selected Poems	Winner
	Brenda Hillman	Bright Existence	Finalist
	Allen Mandelbaum	The Metamorphoses of Ovid	Finalist
1995	Philip Levine	The Simple Truth	Winner	[18]
	Allen Ginsberg	Cosmopolitan Greetings: Poems 1986-1992	Finalist
	Kenneth Koch	On the Great Atlantic Rainway: Selected Poems 1950-1988 and One Train	Finalist
1996	Jorie Graham	The Dream of the Unified Field	Winner
	Donald Justice	New and Selected Poems	Finalist
	Charles Wright	Chickamauga	Finalist
1997	Lisel Mueller	Alive Together: New and Selected Poems	Winner	[19]
	Robert Pinsky	The Figured Wheel	Finalist
	Laurie Sheck	The Willow Grove	Finalist
1998	Charles Wright	Black Zodiac	Winner
	Frank Bidart	Desire	Finalist
	C.K. Williams	The Vigil	Finalist
1999	Mark Strand	Blizzard of One	Winner	[20]
	Alice Notley	Mysteries of Small Houses	Finalist
	Frederick Seidel	Going Fast	Finalist

2000s

Pulitzer Prize for Poetry winners, 2000–2009^[2]

Year	Poet	Title	Result	Ref.
2000	C. K. Williams	Repair	Winner	[21]
	Rodney Jones	Elegy for the Southern Drawl	Finalist
	Adrienne Rich	Midnight Salvage: Poems 1995-1998	Finalist
2001	Stephen Dunn	Different Hours	Winner	[22][23]
	Sydney Lea	Pursuit of a Wound	Finalist
	Bruce Smith	The Other Lover	Finalist
2002	Carl Dennis	Practical Gods	Winner
	Louise Glück	The Seven Ages	Finalist
	Franz Wright	The Beforelife	Finalist
2003	Paul Muldoon	Moy Sand and Gravel	Winner	[24]
	Frank Bidart	Music Like Dirt	Finalist
	J. D. McClatchy	Hazmat	Finalist	[25]
2004	Franz Wright	Walking to Martha's Vineyard	Winner
	Henri Cole	Middle Earth	Finalist
	Heather McHugh	Eyeshot	Finalist
2005	Ted Kooser	Delights & Shadows	Winner
	William Matthews	Search Party: Collected Poems	Finalist
	Brigit Pegeen Kelly	The Orchard	Finalist	[26]
2006	Claudia Emerson	Late Wife	Winner
	Elizabeth Alexander	American Sublime	Finalist
	Dean Young	Elegy on Toy Piano	Finalist	[27]
2007	Natasha Trethewey	Native Guard	Winner
	Martín Espada	The Republic of Poetry	Finalist
	David Wojahn	Interrogation Palace: New & Selected Poems 1982-2004	Finalist
2008	Robert Hass	Time and Materials	Winner
	Philip Schultz	Failure	Winner
	Ellen Bryant Voigt	Messenger: New and Selected Poems, 1976-2006	Finalist
2009	W. S. Merwin	The Shadow of Sirius	Winner	[28][29]
	Frank Bidart	Watching the Spring Festival	Finalist
	Ruth Stone	What Love Comes To: New & Selected Poems	Finalist

2010s

Pulitzer Prize for Poetry winners, 2010–2019^[2]

Year	Poet	Title	Result	Ref.
2010	Rae Armantrout	Versed	Winner	[30][31]
	Angie Estes	Tryst	Finalist
	Lucia Perillo	Inseminating the Elephant	Finalist
2011	Kay Ryan	The Best of It: New and Selected Poems	Winner	[32][33]
	Maurice Manning	The Common Man	Finalist
	Jean Valentine	Break the Glass	Finalist	[34]
2012	Tracy K. Smith	Life on Mars	Winner	[35][36][37]
	Forrest Gander	Core Samples from the World	Finalist	[36]
	Ron Padgett	How Long	Finalist	[36]
2013	Sharon Olds	Stag's Leap	Winner	[38]
	Jack Gilbert	Collected Poems	Finalist	[38]
	Bruce Weigl	The Abundance of Nothing	Finalist	[38]
2014	Vijay Seshadri	3 Sections	Winner	[39][40]
	Morri Creech	The Sleep of Reason	Finalist
	Adrian Matejka	The Big Smoke	Finalist
2015	Gregory Pardlo	Digest	Winner	[41][42]
	Alan Shapiro	Reel to Reel	Finalist
	Arthur Sze	Compass Rose	Finalist
2016	Peter Balakian	Ozone Journal	Winner	[43][44]
	Diane Seuss	Four-Legged Girl	Finalist
	Elizabeth Willis	Alive: New and Selected Poems	Finalist
2017	Tyehimba Jess	Olio	Winner	[45][46][47]
	Campbell McGrath	XX	Finalist
	Adrienne Rich	Collected Poems: 1950-2012	Finalist
2018	Frank Bidart	Half-light: Collected Poems 1965–2016	Winner	[48][49][50]
	Evie Shockley	semiautomatic,	Finalist	[48]
	Patricia Smith	Incendiary Art	Finalist	[48]
2019	Forrest Gander	Be With	Winner	[51][52][53]
	Jos Charles	feeld	Finalist	[51][52]
	A.E. Stallings	Like	Finalist	[51][52]

2020s

Pulitzer Prize for Poetry winners, 2020–present^[2]

Year	Poet	Title	Result	Ref.
2020	Jericho Brown	The Tradition	Winner	[54][55][56][57]
	Dorianne Laux	Only as the Day Is Long: New and Selected Poems	Finalist	[56]
	Mary Ruefle	Dunce	Finalist	[56]
2021	Natalie Diaz	Postcolonial Love Poem	Winner	[56][58][59][60]
	Mei-mei Berssenbrugge	A Treatise on Stars	Finalist	[56]
	Carolyn Forché	In the Lateness of the World	Finalist	[56]
2022	Diane Seuss	frank: sonnets	Winner	[61][62][63]
	Will Alexander	Refractive Africa: Ballet of the Forgotten	Finalist	[61][62]
	Mai Der Vang	Yellow Rain	Finalist	[61][62]
2023	Carl Phillips	Then the War: and Selected Poems, 2007–2020	Winner	[64][65][66][67]
	Jay Hopler	Still Life	Finalist	[64]
	dg nanouk okpik	Blood Snow	Finalist	[64]
2024	Brandon Som	Tripas: Poems	Winner	[68]
	Jorie Graham	To 2040	Finalist	[68]
	Robyn Schiff	Information Desk: An Epic	Finalist	[68]

Multiple wins and nominations

The following individuals received two or more Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry (The 1918 and 1919 Special Prizes are included):

Wins	Poet	Years
4	Robert Frost	1924, 1931, 1937, 1943
3	Edwin Arlington Robinson	1922, 1925, 1928
2	Stephen Vincent Benét	1929, 1944
	Robert Lowell	1947, 1974
	Archibald MacLeish	1933, 1953
	William S. Merwin	1971, 2009
	Carl Sandburg	1919, 1951
	Robert Penn Warren	1958, 1979
	Richard Wilbur	1957, 1989

The following individuals received two or more nominations:

Bolded years are years that the poet won

Nominations	Poet	Years
5	Charles Wright	1982, 1983, 1985, 1996, 1998
4	Frank Bidart	1998, 2003, 2009, 2018
	Robert Frost	1924, 1931, 1937, 1943
	Adrienne Rich	1990, 1992, 2000, 2017
3	Edwin Arlington Robinson	1922, 1925, 1928
	Charles Simic	1986, 1987, 1990
2	John Ashbery	1976, 1993
	Stephen Vincent Benét	1929, 1944
	Forrest Gander	2012, 2019
	Jack Gilbert	1983, 2013
	Louise Glück	1993, 2002
	Anthony Hecht	1968, 1991
	Richard Hugo	1980, 1981
	Donald Justice	1980, 1996
	Robert Lowell	1947, 1974
	Archibald MacLeish	1933, 1953
	James Merril	1977, 1993
	William S. Merwin	1971, 2009
	Carl Sandburg	1919, 1951
	Diane Seuss	2016, 2022
	Mark Strand	1981, 1999
	Dave Smith	1980, 1982
	Robert Penn Warren	1958, 1979
	Richard Wilbur	1957, 1989
	C.K. Williams	1988, 1998
	Franz Wright	2002, 2004

Robert Frost won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry four times from 1924 to 1943. Edwin Arlington Robinson won three prizes during the 1920s and several people, all male, have won two.

Carl Sandburg won one of the special prizes for his poetry in 1919 and won the Poetry Pulitzer in 1951.

Only four women have had multiple nominations: Adrienne Rich with 4, and Louise Glück, Jorie Graham and Diane Seuss with 2 each.

See also

• Poetry portal

• American poetry
• List of poetry awards

References

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External links

• Media related to Pulitzer Prize for Poetry winners at Wikimedia Commons