RGS4

Regulator of G protein signaling 4 also known as RGP4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RGS4 gene. RGP4 regulates G protein signaling.^[5]

RGS4
Identifiers
Aliases	RGS4, Rgs4, AA004315, AA597169, ESTM48, ESTM50, RGP4, SCZD9, regulator of G-protein signaling 4, regulator of G protein signaling 4
External IDs	OMIM: 602516; MGI: 108409; HomoloGene: 4100; GeneCards: RGS4; OMA:RGS4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human)[1] Band 1q23.3 Start 163,068,775 bp[1] End 163,076,802 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse)[2] Band 1 H2.3|1 76.84 cM Start 169,569,046 bp[2] End 169,575,211 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in middle temporal gyrus Brodmann area 23 endothelial cell frontal pole orbitofrontal cortex superior frontal gyrus Brodmann area 46 primary visual cortex prefrontal cortex Parietal Lobe Top expressed in superior cervical ganglion facial motor nucleus prefrontal cortex superior frontal gyrus lateral geniculate nucleus spinal ganglia medial dorsal nucleus olfactory tubercle pontine nuclei mammillary body More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function G-protein alpha-subunit binding calmodulin binding GTPase activator activity GTPase activity Cellular component cytoplasm cytosol plasma membrane membrane nucleus protein-containing complex Biological process positive regulation of GTPase activity negative regulation of signal transduction negative regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway response to amphetamine brain development positive regulation of heart rate response to cocaine response to morphine response to ethanol regulation of calcium ion transport negative regulation of dopamine receptor signaling pathway negative regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development regulation of actin filament organization negative regulation of glycine import across plasma membrane regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport negative regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport dorsal root ganglion development positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 5999 19736 Ensembl ENSG00000117152 ENSMUSG00000038530 UniProt P49798 O08899 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001102445 NM_001113380 NM_001113381 NM_005613 NM_009062 RefSeq (protein) NP_001095915 NP_001106851 NP_001106852 NP_005604 NP_005604.1 NP_033088 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 163.07 – 163.08 Mb Chr 1: 169.57 – 169.58 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Function

Regulator of G protein signalling (RGS) family members are regulatory molecules that act as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) for G alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins.^[6] RGS proteins are able to deactivate G protein subunits of the G_i alpha, G_o alpha and G_q alpha subtypes. They drive G proteins into their inactive GDP-bound forms. Regulator of G protein signaling 4 belongs to this family. All RGS proteins share a conserved 120-amino acid sequence termed the RGS domain which conveys GAP activity.^[7] Regulator of G protein signaling 4 protein is 37% identical to RGS1 and 97% identical to rat Rgs4. This protein negatively regulates signaling upstream or at the level of the heterotrimeric G protein and is localized in the cytoplasm.^[5]

Clinical significance

A number of studies associate the RGS4 gene with schizophrenia,^{[8][9][10][11]} while some fail to detect an association.^[12]

RGS4 is also of interest as one of the three main RGS proteins (along with RGS9 and RGS17) involved in terminating signalling by the mu opioid receptor,^[13] and may be important in the development of tolerance to opioid drugs.^{[14][15][16][17][18]}

Inhibitors

• cyclic peptides^[19]
• CCG-4986^[20]

Interactions

RGS4 has been shown to interact with:

• COPB2,^[21]
• ERBB3,^[22] and
• GNAQ.^[23][24]