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剝
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: 剥
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Translingual
Han character
剝 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 女水中弓 (VELN), four-corner 22100, composition ⿰彔刂)
Derived characters
- 𠺣、䃗、𰹡、𭄄
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 141, character 21
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2049
- Dae Jaweon: page 321, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 346, character 4
- Unihan data for U+525D
Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *proːɡ): phonetic 彔 (OC *b·roːɡ) + semantic 刂 (“knife”).
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): mok1 / bok1
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): buóh / báuk
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): borh6
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 7poq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, literary in Mainland, standard in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: bō
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄛ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bo
- Wade–Giles: po1
- Yale: bwō
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bo
- Palladius: бо (bo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, vernacular in Mainland, variant in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: bāo
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄠ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bao
- Wade–Giles: pao1
- Yale: bāu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bau
- Palladius: бао (bao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, literary in Mainland, standard in Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: mok1 / bok1
- Yale: mōk / bōk
- Cantonese Pinyin: mok7 / bok7
- Guangdong Romanization: mog1 / bog1
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɔːk̚⁵/, /pɔːk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: bok1 - variant.
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pok
- Hakka Romanization System: bogˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: bog5
- Sinological IPA: /pok̚²/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: bog
- Sinological IPA: /pok⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: buóh / báuk
- Sinological IPA (key): /puɔʔ²⁴/, /pɑuʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: borh6
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bo̤h
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɒʔ²¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: borh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɒʔ²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
Note:
- pak - vernacular (“to peel; to take off; to snatch”);
- pok - literary.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: paewk
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[p]ˤrok/
- (Zhengzhang): /*proːɡ/
Definitions
剝
- (Classical) to cut apart, split
- to peel; to skin; to shell
- (of skin, paint, etc.) to fall off; to erode; to come off
- (Cantonese, Hakka, Zhongshan Min) to take off (clothes)
- (Hokkien) to take off; to remove; to take down (something attached to something else)
- 剝目鏡／剥目镜 [Hokkien] ― pak ba̍k-kiàⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to take off one's eyeglasses
- 剝手指／剥手指 [Hokkien] ― pak chhiú-chí [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to take off one's ring
- (Classical) exposed, without cover; naked
- (now in compounds) to strip; to deprive; to exploit
- (Hokkien) to snatch; to take away by force; to rob; to mug
- (Classical, government) to strip someone of (a position) i.e. to fire someone
- (figurative) to rip off, plagiarize
- twenty-third hexagram "Splitting Apart" of the I Ching, represented by the symbol ䷖
- (Classical) to decline, diminish
- Used in onomatopoeias.
Usage notes
Use 剝／剥 (bō) for peeling something with one's hands, like a tangerine. Use 削 (xiāo) for peeling something with a knife or peeler, like a potato.
Synonyms
- (to take off):
Compounds
- 乾剝剝 / 干剥剥
- 侵剝百端 / 侵剥百端
- 凍剝剝 / 冻剥剥
- 刳剝 / 刳剥
- 刻剝 / 刻剥
- 剋剝 / 克剥
- 剝一層皮 / 剥一层皮
- 剝光豬 / 剥光猪
- 剝削 / 剥削 (bōxuē)
- 剝削小民 / 剥削小民
- 剝削者 / 剥削者 (bōxuēzhě)
- 剝剝 / 剥剥
- 剝剝啄啄 / 剥剥啄啄
- 剝啄 / 剥啄 (bōzhuó)
- 剝奪 / 剥夺 (bōduó)
- 剝挽 / 剥挽
- 剝極必復 / 剥极必复
- 剝牙 / 剥牙
- 剝痛瘡 / 剥痛疮
- 剝皮 / 剥皮
- 剝皮剉骨 / 剥皮剉骨
- 剝皮剔骨 / 剥皮剔骨
- 剝皮抽筋 / 剥皮抽筋
- 剝盡 / 剥尽
- 剝脫 / 剥脱
- 剝膚 / 剥肤
- 剝膚椎髓 / 剥肤椎髓
- 剝膚錐髓 / 剥肤锥髓
- 剝船 / 剥船
- 剝落 / 剥落 (bōluò)
- 剝落斑殘 / 剥落斑残
- 剝蝕 / 剥蚀 (bōshí)
- 剝蝕作用 / 剥蚀作用
- 剝衫 / 剥衫
- 剝離 / 剥离 (bōlí)
- 剝離作用 / 剥离作用
- 剝面皮 / 剥面皮
- 割剝 / 割剥
- 剽剝 / 剽剥
- 否剝 / 否剥
- 吞剝 / 吞剥 (tūnbō)
- 嗶剝 / 哔剥
- 嗶嗶剝剝 / 哔哔剥剥
- 團剝 / 团剥
- 圮剝 / 圮剥
- 屯剝 / 屯剥
- 彈剝 / 弹剥
- 必剝 / 必剥
- 必必剝剝 / 必必剥剥
- 抽剝 / 抽剥 (chōubō)
- 抽筋剝皮 / 抽筋剥皮
- 抽絲剝繭 / 抽丝剥茧 (chōusībōjiǎn)
- 摧剝 / 摧剥
- 斑剝 / 斑剥
- 沒彈剝 / 没弹剥
- 洗剝 / 洗剥
- 活剝生吞 / 活剥生吞
- 環狀剝皮 / 环状剥皮
- 生吞活剝 / 生吞活剥 (shēngtūnhuóbō)
- 畢畢剝剝 / 毕毕剥剥
- 盤剝 / 盘剥 (pánbō)
- 網膜剝離 / 网膜剥离
- 老剝皮 / 老剥皮
- 脫剝 / 脱剥
- 蝕剝 / 蚀剥
- 蹇剝 / 蹇剥
- 重利盤剝 / 重利盘剥 (zhònglìpánbō)
Descendants
- → Proto-Tai: *poːkᴰ (“peel”)
- Lao: ປອກ (pǭk, “peel”)
- Lü: ᦔᦸᧅᧈ (ṗoak¹)
- Shan: ပွၵ်ႇ (pàuk)
- Thai: ปอก (bpɔ̀ɔk, “peel”)
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 剝 – see 駁 (“to refute; to transport by barge”). (This character is an obsolete form of 駁). |
Etymology 3
| For pronunciation and definitions of 剝 – see 撲 (“to beat”). (This character is an obsolete form of 撲). |
References
- 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “剝”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00363
- (Min Nan) “剝”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
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Japanese
| 剥 | |
| 剝 |
Kanji
剝
(Jōyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 剥)
Readings
Usage notes
Included in the 2010 jōyō reform instead of 剥, despite it having been standard in Japanese character sets.
Korean
Hanja
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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