大臣

Chinese

		big; great; huge big; great; huge; large; major; wide; deep; oldest; eldest; doctor	statesman; vassal; courtier statesman; vassal; courtier; minister; official
simp. and trad. (大臣)		大	臣

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dàchén

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄔㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): daai⁶ san⁴

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thai-sṳ̀n
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tāi-sîn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dàchén
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄔㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dàchén
    • Wade–Giles: ta⁴-chʻên²
    • Yale: dà-chén
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahchern
    • Palladius: дачэнь (dačɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: daai⁶ san⁴
    • Yale: daaih sàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: daai⁶ san⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: dai⁶ sen⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taːi̯²² sɐn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thai-sṳ̀n
    • Hakka Romanization System: tai siin^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tai⁴ sin²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵ sɨn¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi-sîn
    • Tâi-lô: tāi-sîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: daixsiin
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tai²²⁻²¹ sin²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tai⁴¹⁻²² sin²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tai²²⁻²¹ sin¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tai³³⁻¹¹ sin²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tai³³⁻²¹ sin²³/

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• Middle Chinese: dajH|daH dzyin

Rime
Character	大	大	臣
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	定 (7)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)	歌 (94)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	III
Fanqie	徒蓋切	唐佐切	植鄰切
Baxter	dajH	daH	dzyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/d͡ʑiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/d͡ʑin/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/d͡ʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dajH/	/daH/	/d͡ʑin/
Li Rong	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/ʑiĕn/
Wang Li	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/ʑĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱɑiH/	/dʱɑH/	/ʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dài	duò	chén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	daai6	do6	san4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤat-s|lˤa[t]-s  [ɡ]i[ŋ]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*daːds  ɡiŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	大	大	臣
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dà	dà	chén
Middle Chinese	‹ daH ›	‹ dajH ›	‹ dzyin ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁat-s/ (MC F!)	/*lˁa[t]-s/	/*[ɡ]i[ŋ]/
English	big	big	slave, subject
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	大	大	臣
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
No.	1934	1939	1342
Phonetic component	大	大	臣
Rime group	祭	祭	眞
Rime subdivision	1	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	䭾	大	辰
Old Chinese	/*daːds/	/*daːds/	/*ɡiŋ/
Notes			甲文臧象以戈刺目爲奴， 省戈表不刺者則爲臣， 專指役使於家內者

Noun

大臣

1. minister (of an imperial regime, cabinet, etc.); high-level official (of a monarchy); secretary; chancellor

   Synonym: 部長 / 部长 (bùzhǎng) (for non-monarchies)

Derived terms

• 內政大臣 / 内政大臣 (nèizhèng dàchén)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (大臣):

• → Japanese: 大臣(だいじん) (daijin); 大臣(たいしん) (taishin)
• → Vietnamese: đại thần (大臣)