慕

慕 U+6155, 慕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6155 ← 慔 [U+6154] CJK Unified Ideographs 慖 → [U+6156]

Translingual

Han character

慕 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿日大心 (TAKP), four-corner 4433₃, composition ⿱莫㣺)

Related characters

• 募 墓 幕
• 模 膜

Derived characters

• 𭋼, 𫲎, 𫾕, 𤪶, 𮍋, 𮪶

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 398, character 32
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11088
• Dae Jaweon: page 737, character 27
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2340, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6155

Chinese

trad.		慕
simp. #		慕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 慕
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (莫) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蟆	*mraː
鬕	*mraːɡs
饃	*maːl
模	*maː
摸	*maː, *maːɡ
嫫	*maː
謨	*maː
膜	*maː, *maːɡ
摹	*maː
暮	*maːɡs
慕	*maːɡs
募	*maːɡs
墓	*maːɡs
慔	*maːɡs
莫	*maːɡ
寞	*maːɡ
漠	*maːɡ
幕	*maːɡ
鏌	*maːɡ
瘼	*maːɡ
鄚	*maːɡ
瞙	*maːɡ
嗼	*maːɡ, *mraːɡ
塻	*maːɡ
貘	*mraːɡ
驀	*mraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *maːɡs): phonetic 莫 (OC *maːɡ) + semantic 㣺 (“heart”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): mù (mu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄨˋ

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): mū

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): mou⁶

  (Dongguan, Jyutping++): mou³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): mo⁵

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): mu

  (Hailu, HRS): mu^ˇ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): mu⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): mu³
• Northern Min (KCR): mū
• Eastern Min (BUC): muô
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bou⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): bō͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): mo⁶

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): mu⁷

• Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): mu⁶
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶mu / ⁶mo / ⁶mou / ²mou
  • (Jinhua): ⁶mo
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): mo⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mù
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mù
    • Wade–Giles: mu⁴
    • Yale: mù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: muh
    • Palladius: му (mu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu⁵¹/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: mū
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: mou⁶
    • Yale: mouh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: mou⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mou̯²²/
  • (Dongguan, Guancheng)
    • Jyutping++: mou³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔu³²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: mo⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵐbᵘɔ³²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mu
    • Hakka Romanization System: mu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: mu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /mu⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: mu^ˇ
    • Sinological IPA: /mu¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: mu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /mu⁵³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: mu³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /mu⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mū
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: muô
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /muɔ²⁴²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: bou⁵
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bō
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔu¹¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: bou⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔu²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bō͘
    • Tâi-lô: bōo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bo
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /bɔ²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /bɔ⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔ²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /bɔ³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔ³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: mo⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mŏ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mo³⁵/
  • (Leizhou)
    • Leizhou Pinyin: mu⁷
    • Sinological IPA: /mu⁵⁵/
• Southern Pinghua
  • (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
    • Jyutping++: mu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu²²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Chongming, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing)
    • Wugniu: ⁶mu
    • MiniDict: mu^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³mu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mu²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiading): /mu¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ɦmu³¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /mu¹¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /mu¹¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /mu¹¹/
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Songjiang, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Shaoxing)
    • Wugniu: ⁶mo
    • MiniDict: mo^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³mo
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mo²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /mo¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /mo²³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /mo¹¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /mo¹¹/
  • (Northern: Changzhou, Zhoushan)
    • Wugniu: ⁶mou
    • MiniDict: mou^去
    • Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /mɤɯ²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /mau¹³/
  • (Northern: Ningbo)
    • Wugniu: ²mou
    • MiniDict: mou^平
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /məu³¹³/
  • (Jinhua)
    • Wugniu: ⁶mo
    • Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /mo¹⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: mo⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mo⁴⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: muH

Rime
Character	慕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	莫故切
Baxter	muH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muoH/
Pan Wuyun	/muoH/
Shao Rongfen	/moH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mɔH/
Li Rong	/moH/
Wang Li	/muH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/muoH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mou6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*(C.)mˤak-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*maːɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	慕
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mù
Middle Chinese	‹ muH ›
Old Chinese	/*(C.)mˁak-s/
English	love; long for
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	慕
Reading #	1/1
No.	9248
Phonetic component	莫
Rime group	暮
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	暮
Old Chinese	/*maːɡs/

Definitions

慕

1. to admire; to adore
2. to long for; to desire; to yearn
3. a surname

Compounds

• 不慕
• 企慕 (qǐmù)
• 仰慕 (yǎngmù)
• 傾慕 / 倾慕 (qīngmù)
• 嚮慕 / 向慕 (xiàngmù)
• 孺慕
• 弋者何慕
• 心慕手追
• 心慕筆追 / 心慕笔追
• 思慕 (sīmù)
• 怨慕
• 想慕
• 愛慕 / 爱慕 (àimù)
• 感慕
• 慕勢 / 慕势
• 慕化
• 慕古
• 慕名
• 慕名而來 / 慕名而来
• 慕容 (Mùróng)
• 慕效
• 慕義 / 慕义
• 慕羶
• 慕藺 / 慕蔺
• 慕道 (mùdào)
• 慕顧 / 慕顾
• 戀慕 / 恋慕 (liànmù)
• 敬慕 (jìngmù)
• 景慕 (jǐngmù)
• 欽慕 / 钦慕 (qīnmù)
• 歆慕 (xīnmù)
• 永慕
• 注慕
• 渴慕 (kěmù)
• 百慕達 / 百慕达 (Bǎimùdá)
• 終天之慕 / 终天之慕
• 羨慕 / 羡慕 (xiànmù)
• 羶慕
• 蟻慕 / 蚁慕
• 貪位慕祿 / 贪位慕禄
• 貪榮慕利 / 贪荣慕利
• 貪財慕勢 / 贪财慕势
• 趨財慕勢 / 趋财慕势
• 軫慕 / 轸慕
• 那達慕 / 那达慕 (nàdámù)
• 鄉風慕義 / 乡风慕义

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “慕”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 161.

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 慕

慕

(Jōyō kanji)

1. pining

Readings

• Go-on: も (mo)
• Kan-on: ぼ (bo, Jōyō)
• Kun: したう (shitau, 慕う, Jōyō)

Korean

Hanja

慕 (eumhun 그리워할 모 (geuriwohal mo))

1. hanja form^? of 모 (“long for, desire”)
2. hanja form^? of 모 (“admire”)

Vietnamese

Han character

慕: Hán Nôm readings: mộ, mồ

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