教育

See also: 敎育

Chinese

		teach; teaching; religion	nourish; to rear
trad. (教育/敎育)		教/敎	育
simp. (教育)		教	育

Wikipedia has articles on:

• 教育 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
• 教育 (Cantonese)
• kau-yuk (Hakka)
• gáu-ṳ̆k (Eastern Min)
• kàu-io̍k (Southern Min)
• 教育 (Wu)

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “is it from Japanese?”)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiàoyù

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄩˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gaau³ juk⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): gau¹ yuuk⁵

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kau-yuk

  (Hailu, HRS): gau^ˇ rhug^ˋ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): gau⁴ yug⁵

• Eastern Min (BUC): gáu-ṳ̆k
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gao⁴ oeh⁷ / gao⁴ yoeh⁷
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kàu-io̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ga³ iog⁸

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵ciau-yoq

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiàoyù → jiàoyu (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄩˋ → ㄐㄧㄠˋ ˙ㄩ (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiàoyů
    • Wade–Giles: chiao⁴-yü⁵
    • Yale: jyàu-yu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiaw.yuh
    • Palladius: цзяоюй (czjaojuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/ → /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ y¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 教育 教諭 / 教谕

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gaau³ juk⁶
    • Yale: gaau yuhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gaau³ juk⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gao³ yug⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːu̯³³ jʊk̚²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: gau¹ yuuk⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kau³³ jɵk̚³²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kau-yuk
    • Hakka Romanization System: gau iug^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gau⁴ yug⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /kau̯⁵⁵ i̯uk̚²/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kau-yuk
    • Hakka Romanization System: gau (r)iug^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gau⁴ yug⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /kau̯⁵⁵ (j)i̯uk̚²/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: gau^ˇ rhug^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /kau¹¹ ʒuk²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: gau⁴ yug⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /kau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iʊk̚¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gáu-ṳ̆k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ yʔ⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gao⁴ oeh⁷ [Phonetic: gao¹ oeh⁷]
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ga̍u-e̤̍h
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kau⁴²⁻⁵⁵ œʔ⁴/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gao⁴ yoeh⁷ [Phonetic: gao¹ yoeh⁷]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kau⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yøʔ⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kàu-io̍k
    • Tâi-lô: kàu-io̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kao'iok
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kau²¹⁻⁵³ iɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kau²¹⁻⁴¹ iɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kau¹¹⁻⁵³ iɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /kau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kau²¹⁻⁵³ iɔk̚¹²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ga³ iog⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kà io̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka²¹³⁻⁵⁵ iok̚⁴/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵ciau-yoq
    • MiniDict: ciau^去 yoh
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²jiau-hhioq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiɔ³³ ɦioʔ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: kaewH yuwk

Rime
Character	教	育
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	III
Fanqie	古孝切	余六切
Baxter	kaewH	yuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠauH/	/jɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚauH/	/jiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kauH/	/iuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨwH/	/juwk̚/
Li Rong	/kauH/	/iuk̚/
Wang Li	/kauH/	/jĭuk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kauH/	/i̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiào	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaau3	juk6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.kˤraw-s  m-quk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kraːws  luɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	教	育
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiào	yù
Middle Chinese	‹ kæwH ›	‹ yuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*s.kˁraw-s/	/*m-quk/
English	teaching; instruction	breed, produce
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	教	育
Reading #	2/2	1/1
No.	14643	15984
Phonetic component	爻	育
Rime group	宵	覺
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	敎	育
Old Chinese	/*kraːws/	/*luɡ/
Notes		說文肉聲非，實毓右隸變

Noun

教育

1. education; instruction; schooling

   成人教育  ―  chéngrén jiàoyù  ―  adult education

   教育功能  ―  jiàoyù gōngnéng  ―  educational function

   教育史  ―  jiàoyù shǐ  ―  history of education

   接受教育  ―  jiēshòu jiàoyù  ―  to receive education

   終身教育／终身教育  ―  zhōngshēn jiàoyù  ―  lifelong education

   道德教育  ―  dàodé jiàoyù  ―  moral instruction

   免費教育／免费教育  ―  miǎnfèi jiàoyù  ―  free education

   教育取向  ―  jiàoyù qǔxiàng  ―  educational orientation

   綠色教育／绿色教育  ―  lǜsè jiàoyù  ―  education with a focus on environmental protection

   人均受教育年限  ―  rénjūn shòu jiàoyù niánxiàn  ―  average duration of schooling

   一個受過良好教育的人 [MSC, trad.]
   一个受过良好教育的人 [MSC, simp.]

   yī ge shòuguò liánghǎo jiàoyù de rén [Pinyin]

   a well-educated person

   普及科學與民主，根子在教育。 [MSC, trad.]
   普及科学与民主，根子在教育。 [MSC, simp.]

   Pǔjí kēxué yǔ mínzhǔ, gēnzi zài jiàoyù. [Pinyin]

   Education is at the root of the popularization of science and democracy.

   知識不一定完全來自於學校的教育，社會也是個大學嘛。 [MSC, trad.]
   知识不一定完全来自于学校的教育，社会也是个大学嘛。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhīshí bù yīdìng wánquán láizì yú xuéxiào de jiàoyù, shèhuì yě shì ge dàxué ma. [Pinyin]

   Knowledge does not come from schooling alone. Society is a kind of university.

Synonyms

• (figurative) 弦歌 (xiángē)

Verb

教育

1. to educate; to enlighten; to inculcate

   • 得天下英才而教育之，三樂也。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
     得天下英才而教育之，三乐也。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

     Dé tiānxià yīngcái ér jiàoyù zhī, sānyuè yě. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

edit

• 傳授 / 传授 (chuánshòu)
• 傳教 / 传教 (chuánjiāo)
• 指授 (zhǐshòu) (literary)
• 教導 / 教导 (jiàodǎo)
• 教授 (jiāoshòu)
• 教練 / 教练 (jiàoliàn)
• 教習 / 教习 (jiàoxí) (literary)
• 教訓 / 教训 (jiàoxùn)
• 教誨 / 教诲 (jiàohuì) (formal)
• 教識 / 教识 (gaau³ sik¹) (Cantonese)
• 施教 (shījiào) (literary)
• 訓 / 训 (xùn) (literary, or in compounds)
• 訓誨 / 训诲 (xùnhuì) (literary, chiefly of superiors to subordinates, or old to young)
• 講授 / 讲授 (jiǎngshòu)

Derived terms

• 中等教育 (zhōngděng jiàoyù)
• 兒童早期教育 / 儿童早期教育 (értóng zǎoqī jiàoyù)
• 公民教育 (gōngmín jiàoyù)
• 再教育 (zàijiàoyù)
• 國民教育 / 国民教育 (guómín jiàoyù)
• 基礎教育 / 基础教育 (jīchǔ jiàoyù)
• 學前教育 / 学前教育 (xuéqián jiàoyù)
• 家庭教育 (jiātíng jiàoyù)
• 平民教育 (píngmín jiàoyù)
• 幼兒教育 / 幼儿教育 (yòu'ér jiàoyù)
• 性教育 (xìngjiàoyù)
• 應試教育 / 应试教育 (yìngshì jiàoyù)
• 成人教育 (chéngrén jiàoyù)
• 投教 (tóujiào)
• 教育家 (jiàoyùjiā)
• 教育會 / 教育会 (jiàoyùhuì)
• 教育機構 / 教育机构 (jiàoyù jīgòu)
• 教育界 (jiàoyùjiè)
• 教育社會學 / 教育社会学 (jiàoyù shèhuìxué)
• 教育部 (jiàoyùbù)
• 普通教育 (pǔtōng jiàoyù)
• 特殊教育 (tèshū jiàoyù)
• 素質教育 / 素质教育 (sùzhì jiàoyù)
• 網絡教育 / 网络教育 (wǎngluò jiàoyù)
• 繼續教育 / 继续教育 (jìxù jiàoyù)
• 義務教育 / 义务教育 (yìwù jiàoyù)
• 育樂 / 育乐 (yùlè)
• 衛教 / 卫教 (wèijiào)
• 遠程教育 / 远程教育 (yuǎnchéng jiàoyù)
• 遙距教育 / 遥距教育 (yáojù jiàoyù)
• 高等教育 (gāoděng jiàoyù)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (教育):

• → Japanese: 教(きょう)育(いく) (kyōiku)
• → Korean: 교육(敎育) (gyoyuk)
• → Vietnamese: giáo dục (教育)

Others:

• → Zhuang: gyauyuz

Related terms

• 修養／修养 (xiūyǎng)
• 培養／培养 (péiyǎng)
• 教養／教养 (jiàoyǎng)
• 涵養／涵养 (hányǎng)
• 訓導／训导 (xùndǎo)
• 開導／开导 (kāidǎo)

References

• “教育”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.