溫

See also: 温

溫 U+6EAB, 溫 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6EAB ← 溪 [U+6EAA] CJK Unified Ideographs 溬 → [U+6EAC]

Translingual

Japanese	温
Simplified	温
Traditional	溫

Han character

溫 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 水田人廿 (EWOT), four-corner 3611₇, composition ⿰氵𥁕)

Derived characters

• 薀(蕰), 𨷇

Related characters

• 温 (Simplified Chinese, also the preferred form used in modern Hong Kong)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 640, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17968
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1699, character 8
• Unihan data for U+6EAB

Chinese

trad.		溫/温
simp.		温

Wikipedia has articles on:

• 溫姓 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
• 温氏 (Cantonese)
• Un (súi-pêng) (Southern Min)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 溫
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

	Old Chinese
媪
蝹	*quːʔ, *qrun, *qun
溫	*quːn
𥁕	*quːn
輼	*quːn
蕰	*quːn, *qunʔ, *quns
殟	*quːn, *quːd
豱	*quːn
緼	*quːn, *qun, *qunʔ, *quns
韞	*quːn, *qunʔ
瘟	*quːn
揾	*quːns, *qunʔ, *quːd
氲	*qun
煴	*qun, *quns
馧	*qun, *quːd
蒀
藴	*qun, *qunʔ
褞	*qunʔ
醖
慍	*quns
蘊	*quns
腽	*quːd
榅	*quːd
嗢	*quːd, *qruːd

Characters in the same phonetic series (𥁕) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Originally written as 𥁕 (OC *quːn), later a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声) with 氵 added.

Pronunciation

Variety	Location	edit 溫
Mandarin	Beijing	/uən⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/uən⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/vən²¹/
	Jinan	/uẽ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/və̃²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/uən²⁴/
	Xi'an	/uẽ²¹/
	Xining	/uə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/vəŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/və̃n³¹/
	Ürümqi	/vɤŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/uən⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/uən⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/uen⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/uə̃⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/un³¹/
	Hefei	/uən²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/vəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/uŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/və̃ŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/uəŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/uən⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ʔun³³/
	Wenzhou	/j̠y³³/
Hui	Shexian	/uʌ̃³¹/
	Tunxi	/uɛ¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/uən³³/
	Xiangtan	/uən³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/un⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/vun⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/vun²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/wɐn⁵³/
	Nanning	/wɐn⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/wɐn⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/un⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/uŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/ɔŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/uŋ³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/un²³/

Rime
Character	溫
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏渾切
Baxter	'won
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔuən/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔuon/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔwən/
Li Rong	/ʔuən/
Wang Li	/uən/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔuən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wēn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wan1

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	溫
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wēn
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔwon ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔˁun/
English	warm; gentle
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	溫
Reading #	1/1
No.	12969
Phonetic component	昷
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	𥁕
Old Chinese	/*quːn/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wēn (wen¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄣ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wan¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): vun¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): vûn

  (Hailu, HRS): vun^ˋ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): vun¹

• Eastern Min (BUC): ŭng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ong¹ / uong¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): un

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ung¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹uen

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wēn
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wun
    • Wade–Giles: wên¹
    • Yale: wēn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uen
    • Palladius: вэнь (vɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wən⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: wan¹
    • Yale: wān
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wan¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: wen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐn⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: vun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /vun³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vûn
    • Hakka Romanization System: vun^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: vun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /vun²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: vun^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /vun⁵³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: vun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ʋun⁴⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ŭng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ong¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: eong
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔŋ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: uong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uoŋ⁵⁴⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: un
    • Tâi-lô: un
    • Phofsit Daibuun: wn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /un⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /un³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /un⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /un⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /un⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ung¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹uen
    • MiniDict: uen^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹un
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /uən⁵³/

---

• Dialectal data

---

• Middle Chinese: 'won

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤun/

  (Zhengzhang): /*quːn/

Definitions

溫

1. (of temperature) lukewarm; warm
2. to warm up; to raise the temperature of
3. to revise; to review; to go over; to brush up
4. (chiefly in compounds) temperature
5. tepid; mild; soft; tender; gentle
6. irresolute; indecisive; weak
7. a surname, Wen

   溫家寶／温家宝  ―  Wēn Jiābǎo  ―  Wen Jiabao, Premier (2004-2013)

8. Alternative form of 瘟 (wēn)

Synonyms

• (to revise):

edit

• 溫書 / 温书 (wēnshū)
• 溫習 / 温习 (wēnxí)
• 溫課 / 温课 (Northern Wu)
• 複習 / 复习 (fùxí)

• (temperature): 溫度／温度 (wēndù)

Compounds

• 三溫暖 / 三温暖 (sānwēnnuǎn)
• 低溫 / 低温 (dīwēn)
• 低溫殺菌 / 低温杀菌
• 低溫食品 / 低温食品
• 保溫 / 保温 (bǎowēn)
• 保溫瓶 / 保温瓶 (bǎowēnpíng)
• 保溫箱 / 保温箱
• 候溫 / 候温
• 冬溫夏凊 / 冬温夏凊
• 別後寒溫 / 别后寒温
• 北溫帶 / 北温带 (běiwēndài)
• 同溫層 / 同温层 (tóngwēncéng)
• 囊溫郎當 / 囊温郎当
• 基礎體溫 / 基础体温
• 室溫 / 室温 (shìwēn)
• 寒溫 / 寒温 (hánwēn)
• 寒溫序 / 寒温序
• 常溫 / 常温 (chángwēn)
• 常溫動物 / 常温动物
• 常溫層 / 常温层
• 平均溫度 / 平均温度
• 弼馬溫 / 弼马温 (Bìmǎwēn)
• 恆溫 / 恒温 (héngwēn)
• 恆溫動物 / 恒温动物 (héngwēn dòngwù)
• 恆溫層 / 恒温层
• 扇枕溫席 / 扇枕温席
• 扇枕溫衾 / 扇枕温衾
• 扇枕溫被 / 扇枕温被
• 拿摩溫 / 拿摩温 (námówēn)
• 挾冰求溫 / 挟冰求温
• 斜溫層 / 斜温层
• 朱溫 / 朱温
• 桓溫 / 桓温
• 格溫內斯 / 格温内斯 (Géwēnnèisī)
• 款語溫言 / 款语温言
• 氣溫 / 气温 (qìwēn)
• 水溫 / 水温 (shuǐwēn)
• 溫克 / 温克
• 溫八叉 / 温八叉
• 溫卷 / 温卷
• 溫厚 / 温厚 (wēnhòu)
• 溫吞吞 / 温吞吞
• 溫和 / 温和
• 溫和飲食 / 温和饮食
• 溫哥華 / 温哥华 (Wēngēhuá)
• 溫婉 / 温婉 (wēnwǎn)
• 溫存 / 温存 (wēncún)
• 溫室 / 温室 (wēnshì)
• 溫室效應 / 温室效应 (wēnshì xiàoyìng)
• 溫宿 / 温宿 (Wēnsù)
• 溫尼伯 / 温尼伯 (Wēnníbó)
• 溫居 / 温居 (wēnjū)
• 溫嶠 / 温峤
• 溫州 / 温州 (Wēnzhōu)
• 溫差 / 温差 (wēnchā)
• 溫布頓 / 温布顿 (Wēnbùdùn)
• 溫席扇枕 / 温席扇枕
• 溫帶 / 温带 (wēndài)
• 溫帶植物 / 温带植物
• 溫帶氣旋 / 温带气旋 (wēndài qìxuán)
• 溫床 / 温床 (wēnchuáng)
• 溫度 / 温度 (wēndù)
• 溫度表 / 温度表 (wēndùbiǎo)
• 溫度計 / 温度计 (wēndùjì)
• 溫庭筠 / 温庭筠
• 溫情 / 温情 (wēnqíng)
• 溫情主義 / 温情主义
• 溫故知新 / 温故知新 (wēngùzhīxīn)
• 溫文 / 温文 (wēnwén)
• 溫文儒雅 / 温文儒雅
• 溫文爾雅 / 温文尔雅 (wēnwén'ěryǎ)
• 溫暖 / 温暖 (wēnnuǎn)
• 溫暾 / 温暾
• 溫書 / 温书 (wēnshū)
• 溫柔 / 温柔 (wēnróu)
• 溫柔敦厚 / 温柔敦厚
• 溫柔鄉 / 温柔乡
• 溫毛 / 温毛
• 溫水 / 温水 (wēnshuǐ)
• 溫泉 / 温泉 (wēnquán)
• 溫泉浴 / 温泉浴
• 溫淳 / 温淳
• 溫湯 / 温汤
• 溫溫 / 温温
• 溫潤 / 温润 (wēnrùn)
• 溫潤如玉 / 温润如玉
• 溫煦 / 温煦 (wēnxù)
• 溫熱 / 温热 (wēnrè)
• 溫習 / 温习 (wēnxí)
• 溫良 / 温良 (wēnliáng)
• 溫血動物 / 温血动物 (wēnxuè dòngwù)
• 溫覺 / 温觉
• 溫酒 / 温酒 (wēnjiǔ)
• 溫雅 / 温雅 (wēnyǎ)
• 溫順 / 温顺 (wēnshùn)
• 溫飽 / 温饱 (wēnbǎo)
• 溫香豔玉 / 温香艳玉
• 溫香軟玉 / 温香软玉
• 溫馨 / 温馨 (wēnxīn)
• 溫馴 / 温驯 (wēnxùn)
• 溫鰲妝燕 / 温鳌妆燕
• 燃犀溫嶠 / 燃犀温峤
• 爾雅溫文 / 尔雅温文
• 玉軟香溫 / 玉软香温
• 等溫線 / 等温线 (děngwēnxiàn)
• 絕對溫度 / 绝对温度 (juéduì wēndù)
• 腼腆溫柔
• 舊夢重溫 / 旧梦重温 (jiùmèngchóngwēn)
• 色思溫 / 色思温
• 色溫 / 色温 (sèwēn)
• 華氏溫標 / 华氏温标
• 薩爾溫江 / 萨尔温江 (Sà'ěrwēn Jiāng)
• 變溫 / 变温
• 變溫動物 / 变温动物 (biànwēn dòngwù)
• 變溫層 / 变温层
• 超低溫 / 超低温 (chāodīwēn)
• 軟玉溫香 / 软玉温香
• 軟語溫存 / 软语温存
• 軟香溫玉 / 软香温玉
• 逆溫 / 逆温
• 逆溫層 / 逆温层
• 鄂溫克族 / 鄂温克族 (Èwēnkèzú)
• 重溫舊夢 / 重温旧梦 (chóngwēnjiùmèng)
• 重溫舊業 / 重温旧业
• 降溫 / 降温 (jiàngwēn)
• 餘溫 / 余温 (yúwēn)
• 香溫玉軟 / 香温玉软
• 香潤玉溫 / 香润玉温
• 馬克吐溫 / 马克吐温
• 體溫 / 体温 (tǐwēn)
• 體溫計 / 体温计 (tǐwēnjì)
• 體溫錶 / 体温表 (tǐwēnbiǎo)
• 高溫 / 高温 (gāowēn)
• 高溫消毒 / 高温消毒
• 高空逆溫 / 高空逆温

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (溫):

• → Japanese: 温(おん) (on)
• → Korean: 온(溫) (on)
• → Vietnamese: ôn (溫)

Others:

• → Proto-Tai: *ʔunᴮ
  • Thai: อุ่น (ùn)
• → English: Wen, Wan, Woon, Oon

Japanese

Shinjitai	温
Kyūjitai	溫

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 溫

溫

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 温)

1. lukewarm
2. warm
3. tepid
4. mild

Proper noun

溫(おん) • (On) ^{←をん (Won)?}

1. a female given name

Readings

• Go-on: おん (on)
• Kan-on: おん (on)
• Tō-on: うん (un)
• Kun: あたたか (atataka, 溫か)、あたためる (atatameru, 溫める)

Korean

Hanja

溫 (eumhun 따뜻할 온 (ttatteuthal on))

1. hanja form^? of 온 (“warm”)
2. hanja form^? of 온 (“heat up”)

Vietnamese

Han character

溫: Hán Nôm readings: ôn

1. lukewarm (variant of 温)

References

• http://nomfoundation.org/common/nom_details.php?codepoint=6E29