硩

硩 U+7869, 硩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7869 ← 硨 [U+7868] CJK Unified Ideographs 硪 → [U+786A]

Translingual

Han character

硩 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+7, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手中一口 (QLMR), four-corner 5260₁, composition ⿱折石)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 831, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24227
• Dae Jaweon: page 1246, character 31
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2431, character 15
• Unihan data for U+7869

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 硩
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (折) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
晢	*ʔljeds, *ʔljed
狾	*ʔljeds
誓	*ɦljeds
逝	*ɦljeds
銴	*ɢljeds, *ɢʷleds
折	*l'eːl, *ʔljed, *ɦljed
娎	*hleːws, *qʰred
哳	*ʔr'eːd
踅	*sɢʷled
哲	*ʔl'ed
蜇	*ʔl'ed
悊	*ʔl'ed
嚞	*ted
喆	*ted
硩	*l̥ʰed, *l̥ʰeːɡ
浙	*ʔljed
晣	*ʔljed
焎	*hred

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l̥ʰed, *l̥ʰeːɡ): phonetic 折 (OC *l'eːl, *ʔljed, *ɦljed) + semantic 石 (“rock; stone”).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		硩

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chè (che⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄜˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zit³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chè
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chè
    • Wade–Giles: chʻê⁴
    • Yale: chè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheh
    • Palladius: чэ (čɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zit³
    • Yale: jit
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzit⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: jid³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siːt̚³/

---

• Middle Chinese: trhjet, thek

Rime
Character	硩	硩
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	徹 (10)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	薛 (83)	錫 (127)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	IV
Fanqie	丑列切	他歷切
Baxter	trhjet	thek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈʰˠiᴇt̚/	/tʰek̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈʰᵚiɛt̚/	/tʰek̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶʰiæt̚/	/tʰɛk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈʰiat̚/	/tʰɛjk̚/
Li Rong	/ȶʰjɛt̚/	/tʰek̚/
Wang Li	/ȶʰĭɛt̚/	/tʰiek̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȶʰi̯ɛt̚/	/tʰiek̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	che	ti
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cit3	tik1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰed/, /*l̥ʰeːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	硩	硩
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	16946	16954
Phonetic component	折	折
Rime group	月	錫
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	屮	逖
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰed/	/*l̥ʰeːɡ/

Definitions

硩

1. to pick
2. to smash up

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		硩
alternative forms		壓／压 矺

Cognate with Eastern Min 矺 (dáh, “to press down on”). Possibly cognate with Cantonese 矺 (zaak3, “to press down on”) and Hakka 矺 (chak, “to press down on”) (Li, 2002).

Pronunciation

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): teh / teeh

  (Teochew, Peng'im): dêh⁴

---

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: teh
    • Tâi-lô: teh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: deq
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /teʔ³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /teʔ⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: teeh
    • Tâi-lô: teeh
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɛʔ³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: dêh⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: teh
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /teʔ²/

Definitions

硩

1. (Southern Min) to press; to push down
2. (Southern Min) to lay a bet; to make a bet
3. (Hokkien) to suppress; to calm (fear, cough, fire, etc.)
4. (Hokkien) to give a gift in return
5. (Mainland China Hokkien) to plant seedlings (such as sugarcane, etc.)
6. (Taiwanese Hokkien) to cut the stem of a plant diagonally and insert it in the water or soil
7. (Teochew) to suppress; to stifle

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 壓 (“to press down on”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		壓
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		壓
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	壓
	Taiwan	壓
	Singapore	壓
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	壓
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	壓
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	壓, 榨
	Wuhan	壓
	Guilin	壓
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	磕, 壓
Cantonese	Guangzhou	矺, 壓
	Hong Kong	矺, 壓
	Yangjiang	㩒, 扎, 壓
	Nanning	矺
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	矺
Gan	Nanchang	矺, 壓
Hakka	Meixian	矺
	Huidong (Daling)	矺
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	矺
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	矺
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	矺
	Wengyuan	矺
	Liannan	矺
	Jiexi	矺
	Luhe	矺
	Changting	矺
	Wuping	矺
	Wuping (Yanqian)	矺
	Wuping (Pingyu)	矺
	Liancheng	矺
	Ninghua	矺
	Ningdu	矺
	Ruijin	矺
	Shicheng	矺
	Shangyou (Shexi)	矺
	Tonggu (Sandu)	矺
	Dayu	矺
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	矺
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	矺
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	矺
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	矺
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	矺
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	矺
	Hong Kong	矺
	Mengshan (Xihe)	矺
	Senai (Huiyang)	矺
Northern Min	Jian'ou	壓
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	矺
	Fuzhou (Changle)	矺
	Fuqing	矺
	Yongtai	矺
	Gutian	矺
	Fu'an	矺
	Ningde	矺
	Shouning	矺
	Zhouning	矺
	Fuding	矺
Southern Min	Xiamen	硩
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	硩
	Quanzhou	硩
	Jinjiang	硩
	Zhangzhou	硩
	Tainan	硩
	Penang (Hokkien)	硩
	Singapore (Hokkien)	硩
	Manila (Hokkien)	硩
	Chaozhou	硩
	Shantou	硩
	Shantou (Chenghai)	硩
	Jieyang	硩
	Lufeng	硩
	Haifeng	硩
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	硩
	Leizhou	硩
	Haikou	硩
Wu	Shanghai	壓
	Suzhou	壓
	Wenzhou	榨, 塸, 壓
Xiang	Changsha	壓
	Shuangfeng	榨

• (to lay a bet): 下注 (xiàzhù)

See also

• 捏

Compounds

• 狹硩 / 狭硩
• 硩八字
• 硩嗽
• 硩地金
• 硩墓紙 / 硩墓纸
• 硩定
• 硩年
• 硩年錢 / 硩年钱
• 硩底
• 硩恬
• 硩杯
• 硩枝
• 硩桌
• 硩棚
• 硩棚戲 / 硩棚戏
• 硩𣛮
• 硩氣 / 硩气
• 硩甌仔底 / 硩瓯仔底
• 硩盛
• 硩直
• 硩禮 / 硩礼
• 硩箱
• 硩箱仔角
• 硩箱角
• 硩紙 / 硩纸
• 硩繳 / 硩缴
• 硩腰
• 硩腰錢 / 硩腰钱
• 硩花金
• 硩茶盤 / 硩茶盘
• 硩袋
• 硩輦寶 / 硩辇宝
• 硩驚 / 硩惊

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B02978
• “Query for 硩”, in 臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.