矺

矺 U+77FA, 矺 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-77FA ← 矹 [U+77F9] CJK Unified Ideographs 矻 → [U+77FB]

Translingual

Han character

矺 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+3, 8 strokes, cangjie input 一口竹心 (MRHP), four-corner 1261₄, composition ⿰石乇)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 827, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24041
• Dae Jaweon: page 1241, character 17
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2417, character 14
• Unihan data for U+77FA

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (乇) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
咤	*ʔr'aː, *ʔr'aːɡs
吒	*ʔr'aːɡs
灹	*ʔr'aːɡs
矺	*ʔr'aːɡs, *ʔl'aːb, *ʔl'aːɡ, *l̥ʰaːɡ, *ʔr'eːɡ
奼	*ʔr'aːɡs, *hr'aːʔ, *ʔl'aːɡs
侘	*hr'aː, *hr'aːɡs
詫	*hr'aːɡs
秅	*r'aː, *ʔl'aːɡs
秺	*ʔl'aːɡs
亳	*blaːɡ
托	*l̥ʰaːɡ
託	*l̥ʰaːɡ
魠	*l̥ʰaːɡ
馲	*l̥ʰaːɡ, *raːɡ, *ʔr'aːɡ
侂	*l̥ʰaːɡ
飥	*l̥ʰaːɡ
仛	*l'aːɡ
虴	*pr'aːɡ
杔	*ʔr'aːɡ
乇	*ʔr'aːɡ
宅	*r'aːɡ
厇	*ʔr'eːɡ

Etymology 1

trad.		矺
simp. #		矺

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhé, dā (zhe², da¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄜˊ, ㄉㄚ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zaak³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhé
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄜˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhé
    • Wade–Giles: chê²
    • Yale: jé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jer
    • Palladius: чжэ (čžɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dā
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: da
    • Wade–Giles: ta¹
    • Yale: dā
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: da
    • Palladius: да (da)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zaak³
    • Yale: jaak
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzaak⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: zag³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saːk̚³/

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• Middle Chinese: thak, treak, tap

Rime
Character	矺	矺	矺
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	知 (9)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)	麥 (119)	盍 (144)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	II	I
Fanqie	他各切	陟革切	都榼切
Baxter	thak	treak	tap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰɑk̚/	/ʈˠɛk̚/	/tɑp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰɑk̚/	/ʈᵚæk̚/	/tɑp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɑk̚/	/ȶɐk̚/	/tɑp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰak̚/	/ʈəɨjk̚/	/tap̚/
Li Rong	/tʰɑk̚/	/ȶɛk̚/	/tɑp̚/
Wang Li	/tʰɑk̚/	/ȶæk̚/	/tɑp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tʰɑk̚/	/ȶæk̚/	/tɑp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tuo	zhe	da
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tok3	zak1	daap3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔr'aːɡs/, /*ʔl'aːb/, /*ʔl'aːɡ/, /*l̥ʰaːɡ/, /*ʔr'eːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	矺	矺	矺	矺	矺
Reading #	1/5	2/5	3/5	4/5	5/5
No.	16903	16913	16915	16922	16931
Phonetic component	乇	乇	乇	乇	乇
Rime group	暮	盍	鐸	鐸	錫
Rime subdivision	0	1	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	吒	㿴		託	摘
Old Chinese	/*ʔr'aːɡs/	/*ʔl'aːb/	/*ʔl'aːɡ/	/*l̥ʰaːɡ/	/*ʔr'eːɡ/
Notes	都榼切注又切			見儀禮鄭注

Definitions

矺

1. to strike; to hit
2. alternative form of 磔 (zhé, “torture in the form of dismemberment”)

Etymology 2

trad.		矺
simp. #		矺
alternative forms		笮 磧／碛 砸 Cantonese 責／责 Cantonese 擲／掷 Cantonese 笮 磧／碛 砸 Cantonese 責／责 Cantonese 擲／掷 Cantonese 壓／压 Eastern Min

The Cantonese, Hakka and Gan forms are possibly cognate with Min Nan 硩 (teh, “to press down on”), Eastern Min 矺 (dáh, “to press down on”) (Li, 2002).

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zaak⁶ / zaak³
• Gan (Wiktionary): zah⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chak

  (Hailu, HRS): zag

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zag⁵

• Eastern Min (BUC): dáh

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zaak⁶ / zaak³
    • Yale: jaahk / jaak
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzaak⁹ / dzaak⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: zag⁶ / zag³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saːk̚²/, /t͡saːk̚³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: zah⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saʔ⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chak
    • Hakka Romanization System: zag^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zag⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sak̚²/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: zag
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sak⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zag⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sak̚¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dáh
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑʔ²⁴/

Definitions

矺

1. (Cantonese, Hakka, Gan, Eastern Min) to press down on
2. (Cantonese) to weigh down

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 壓 (“to press down on”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		壓
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		壓
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	壓
	Taiwan	壓
	Singapore	壓
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	壓
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	壓
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	壓, 榨
	Wuhan	壓
	Guilin	壓
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	磕, 壓
Cantonese	Guangzhou	矺, 壓
	Hong Kong	矺, 壓
	Yangjiang	㩒, 扎, 壓
	Nanning	矺
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	矺
Gan	Nanchang	矺, 壓
Hakka	Meixian	矺
	Huidong (Daling)	矺
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	矺
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	矺
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	矺
	Wengyuan	矺
	Liannan	矺
	Jiexi	矺
	Luhe	矺
	Changting	矺
	Wuping	矺
	Wuping (Yanqian)	矺
	Wuping (Pingyu)	矺
	Liancheng	矺
	Ninghua	矺
	Ningdu	矺
	Ruijin	矺
	Shicheng	矺
	Shangyou (Shexi)	矺
	Tonggu (Sandu)	矺
	Dayu	矺
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	矺
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	矺
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	矺
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	矺
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	矺
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	矺
	Hong Kong	矺
	Mengshan (Xihe)	矺
	Senai (Huiyang)	矺
Northern Min	Jian'ou	壓
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	矺
	Fuzhou (Changle)	矺
	Fuqing	矺
	Yongtai	矺
	Gutian	矺
	Fu'an	矺
	Ningde	矺
	Shouning	矺
	Zhouning	矺
	Fuding	矺
Southern Min	Xiamen	硩
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	硩
	Quanzhou	硩
	Jinjiang	硩
	Zhangzhou	硩
	Tainan	硩
	Penang (Hokkien)	硩
	Singapore (Hokkien)	硩
	Manila (Hokkien)	硩
	Chaozhou	硩
	Shantou	硩
	Shantou (Chenghai)	硩
	Jieyang	硩
	Lufeng	硩
	Haifeng	硩
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	硩
	Leizhou	硩
	Haikou	硩
Wu	Shanghai	壓
	Suzhou	壓
	Wenzhou	榨, 塸, 壓
Xiang	Changsha	壓
	Shuangfeng	榨

Compounds

• 一個招牌砸落嚟 / 一个招牌砸落嚟 (Cantonese)
• 大石砸死蟹 (daai⁶ sek⁶ zaak³ sei² haai⁵) (Cantonese)
• 畀鬼砸 (Cantonese)
• 砸嚫 / 砸𰈍 (Cantonese)
• 砸年 (Cantonese)
• 砸數 / 砸数 (zaak⁶ sou³) (Cantonese)
• 砸界 (Cantonese)
• 砸袋 (Cantonese)

Korean

Hanja

矺 • (tak) (hangeul 탁)

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