碾

碾 U+78BE, 碾 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-78BE ← 碽 [U+78BD] CJK Unified Ideographs 碿 → [U+78BF]

Translingual

Han character

碾 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+10, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一口尸廿女 (MRSTV), four-corner 1763₂, composition ⿰石展)

1. roller, crush
2. roll

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 834, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24370
• Dae Jaweon: page 1251, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2450, character 5
• Unihan data for U+78BE

Chinese

simp. and trad.		碾
2nd round simp.		𰦪
alternative forms		輾／辗 𥑊

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (展) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
碾	*ndenʔ, *ndens
輾	*ndens, *tenʔ
展	*tenʔ, *tens
搌	*tenʔ, *tens, *tʰenʔ

Alternative form of 輾／辗 (niǎn), using 石 as semantic part instead of 車.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nja-s ~ *s-njan (“to punish; to oppress; to coerce”) (STEDT). Related to 蹍 (“to trample”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): niǎn (nian³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zin² / nin⁵ / nin⁶
• Eastern Min (BUC): diēng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): teng³ / neng³ / nieng³ / nyor³ / noe³ / nya³ / nia³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lián / lún

  (Teochew, Peng'im): diêng² / diang²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹gni

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: niǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: niǎn
    • Wade–Giles: nien³
    • Yale: nyǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nean
    • Palladius: нянь (njanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛn²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
    • Jyutping: zin² / nin⁵ / nin⁶
    • Yale: jín / níhn / nihn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzin² / nin⁵ / nin⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: jin² / nin⁵ / nin⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siːn³⁵/, /niːn¹³/, /niːn²²/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: diēng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tieŋ³³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Jiangkou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: teng³
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: têng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɛŋ⁴⁵³/
  • (Nanri)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: neng³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ne̞ŋ⁴⁵³/
  • (Xianyou, Youyang)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: nieng³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /niɛŋ³³²/
  • (Fengting)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: nieng³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nieŋ³³²/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: nyor³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nyɒ⁴⁵³/
  • (Jiangkou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: noe³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nœ⁴⁵³/
  • (Xianyou, Youyang)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: nya³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nya³³²/
  • (Fengting)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: nia³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nia³³²/

Note:

• teng3/neng3/nieng3 - literary;
• nyor3/noe3/nya3/nia3 - vernacular.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lián / lún
    • Tâi-lô: lián / lún
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liern, luon
    • IPA (Xiamen): /liɛn⁵³/, /lun⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /liɛn⁵⁵⁴/, /lun⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɛn⁵³/, /lun⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /liɛn⁵³/, /lun⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛn⁴¹/, /lun⁴¹/
Note:
• lián - literary;
• lún - vernacular.
• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: diêng² / diang²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tiéng / tiáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tieŋ⁵²/, /tiaŋ⁵²/
Note:
• diêng2 - Chaozhou;
• diang2 - Shantou, Jieyang.
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹gni
    • MiniDict: nyi^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹'nyi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲi⁵³/

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• Middle Chinese: nrjenH

Rime
Character	碾
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	仙 (79)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	女箭切
Baxter	nrjenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳˠiᴇnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳᵚiɛnH/
Shao Rongfen	/niænH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳianH/
Li Rong	/njɛnH/
Wang Li	/nĭɛnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ni̯ɛnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	niàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nin6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ndenʔ/, /*ndens/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	碾	碾
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	16779	16780
Phonetic component	展	展
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	趁	輾
Old Chinese	/*ndenʔ/	/*ndens/
Notes	輾分化字	輾轉註見通俗文

Definitions

碾

1. roller
2. to grind; to crush

Synonyms

• (to crush): 軋／轧 (yà)

Compounds

• 步碾兒 / 步碾儿
• 碾坊
• 碾壓 / 碾压 (niǎnyā)
• 碾子 (niǎnzi)
• 碾屋 (Niǎnwū)
• 碾房
• 碾橋 / 碾桥 (Niǎnqiáo)
• 碾盤 / 碾盘
• 碾砣 (niǎntuó)
• 碾米 (niǎnmǐ)
• 碾船
• 茶碾子

References

• “碾”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “碾”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 213.

Japanese

Kanji

碾

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): てん (ten)、でん (den)
• Kun: うす (usu)、ひく (hiku)

Korean

Hanja

碾 • (nyeon>yeon) (hangeul 년>연, revised nyeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer nyŏn>yŏn, Yale nyen>yen)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.