荔

荔 U+8354, 荔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8354 ← 荓 [U+8353] CJK Unified Ideographs 荕 → [U+8355]

Translingual

Han character

荔 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿大尸尸 (TKSS), four-corner 4422₇, composition ⿱艹劦)

Derived characters

• 𰑾, 𢲊, 𬃹, 𦴾

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1031, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30865
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3212, character 5
• Unihan data for U+8354

Chinese

trad.		荔
simp. #		荔
2nd round simp.		艻
alternative forms		茘

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 荔
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Qin slip script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (劦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
栛	*reːbs
珕	*reːbs, *rebs
荔	*reːbs, *rebs
脅	*hlams, *hlab
姭	*hlams
搚	*raːb, *raːb
拹	*hlab
愶	*hlab
嗋	*hlab
熁	*hlab
協	*ɦleːb
勰	*ɦleːb
劦	*ɦleːb
叶	*ɦleːb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *reːbs, *rebs): semantic 艸 + phonetic 劦 (OC *ɦleːb).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lì (li⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): lai⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): lai⁵

• Gan (Wiktionary): li⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lí / li
• Jin (Wiktionary): lieh⁴
• Eastern Min (BUC): lié
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): noe⁵ / nui⁵ / le⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): nāi / lāi / nǎi / nūi / lē / liān

  (Teochew, Peng'im): noi⁷ / li⁶

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶li
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): li⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lì
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lì
    • Wade–Giles: li⁴
    • Yale: lì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lih
    • Palladius: ли (li)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
    • Jyutping: lai⁶
    • Yale: laih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lai⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: lei⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɐi̯²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: lai⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lai³²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: li⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li¹¹/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lí
    • Hakka Romanization System: li^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: li³
    • Sinological IPA: /li³¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: li
    • Hakka Romanization System: li
    • Hagfa Pinyim: li⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /li⁵⁵/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: lieh⁴
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /liəʔ²/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: lié
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃iɛ²¹³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: noe⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nø¹¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: nui⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nui²¹/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: le⁵
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: lā̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /le¹¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: le⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /le²¹/

Note:

• noe5/nui5 - vernacular;
• le5 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu, Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nāi
    • Tâi-lô: nāi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: nai
    • IPA (Taipei): /nãi³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen): /nãi²²/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Taipei, Tainan, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lāi
    • Tâi-lô: lāi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lai
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Taipei, Tainan): /lai³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lai²²/
  • (Hokkien: Lukang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nǎi
    • Tâi-lô: nǎi
    • IPA (Lukang): /nãi³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nūi
    • Tâi-lô: nuī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: nui
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /nuĩ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Yilan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lē
    • Tâi-lô: lē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: le
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /le²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /le⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Yilan): /le³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liān
    • Tâi-lô: liān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lien
    • IPA (Xiamen): /liɛn²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /liɛn⁴¹/
Note:
• nāi/lāi/nǎi/nūi - vernacular;
• lē, liān - literary.
• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: noi⁷ / li⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nōi / lĭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /noi¹¹/, /li³⁵/
Note:
• noi7 - vernacular;
• li6 - literary.
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶li
    • MiniDict: li^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³li
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /li²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: li⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li⁴⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: ljeH, lejH

Rime
Character	荔	荔
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	支 (11)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	IV
Fanqie	力智切	郎計切
Baxter	ljeH	lejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liᴇH/	/leiH/
Pan Wuyun	/liɛH/	/leiH/
Shao Rongfen	/ljɛH/	/lɛiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/liə̆H/	/lɛjH/
Li Rong	/lieH/	/leiH/
Wang Li	/lǐeH/	/lieiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/lie̯H/	/lieiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lì	lì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lei6	lai6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤep-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*reːbs/, /*rebs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	荔
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lì
Middle Chinese	‹ lejH ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ˁep-s/
English	herb whose roots are made into brushes
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	荔	荔
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	13776	13777
Phonetic component	劦	劦
Rime group	蓋	蓋
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	麗	詈
Old Chinese	/*reːbs/	/*rebs/

Definitions

荔

1. Alternative name for 馬藺／马蔺 (“Iris lactea”).
2. short for 荔枝 (lìzhī, “lychee”)
3. used in 薜荔 (bìlì)
4. a surname

Compounds

• 丹荔 (dānlì)
• 大荔 (Dàlì)
• 大荔人
• 番荔枝 (fānlìzhī)
• 粉荔
• 粉荔枝
• 綠荔枝 / 绿荔枝
• 荔奴
• 荔子 (lìzǐ)
• 荔挺
• 荔枝 (lìzhī)
• 荔枝奴 (lìzhīnú)
• 荔枝蝽
• 荔枝香
• 荔波 (Lìbō)
• 荔浦 (Lìpǔ)
• 荔浦芋
• 荔粉
• 荔芋 (lìyù)
• 萆荔 (bìlì)
• 薜荔 (bìlì)
• 薜荔多
• 薜荔衣
• 蜜荔枝
• 都荔
• 錦荔枝 / 锦荔枝 (jǐnlìzhī)
• 阿荔散
• 香荔
• 馬荔 / 马荔
• 龍荔 / 龙荔

References

• “荔”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “荔 (～枝)”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 158.

Japanese

Kanji

荔

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: らい (rai)、り (ri)
• Kan-on: れい (rei)、り (ri)
• On: れん (ren)
• Kun: おおにら (ōnira, 荔)

Vietnamese

Han character

荔: Hán Nôm readings: lệ, lê

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.