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力

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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See also: カ, 九, 丸, and ㄌ
力 U+529B, 力
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-529B
← 劚
[U+529A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 劜 →
[U+529C]
⼒ U+2F12, ⼒
KANGXI RADICAL POWER
← ⼑
[U+2F11] 		Kangxi Radicals ⼓ →
[U+2F13]
力 U+F98A, 力
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F98A
← 黎
[U+F989] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 曆 →
[U+F98B]

Translingual

More information Stroke order ...
More information Stroke order ...

Han character

See images of
Radical 19 力

力 (Kangxi radical 19, 力+0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 大尸 (KS), four-corner 40027, composition ⿻𠃌丿)

  1. Kangxi radical #19, ⼒.

Derived characters

Additional Derived Characters
  • 𭂇, 𭒹, 𡴽, 𤜜, 𣦺, 𥘋, 𦔳, 𦘓, 𬜑, 𧖩, 𡖎, 𪵶, 𧲡, 𧴧, 𧾼, 𤟋, 𭱛, 𬂿, 𬈆, 𩵓, 𫜋, 𪋾, 𣾗, 𢣛
  • 𡯄, 𰃌, 𩖙, 𩱹, 𬩳, 𫻧, 𣂒, 𭤧, 𢆲, 𪭊, 𩫸, 𪧔, 𩾜, 𣪤, 𤼶, 𡉂, 𢖰, 𤰛, 𧴥, 𬮅, 𫝓

Descendants

See also

  • カ (Japanese katakana)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 146, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2288
  • Dae Jaweon: page 327, character 31
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 364, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+529B
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Chinese

More information simp. and trad., alternative forms ...
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 力, Shang ...
Characters in the same phonetic series (力) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
More information Old Chinese ...

Pictogram (象形) – alternative interpretation, either an arm bending out from the side of the body, or a wooden plough. The original version was 𠠲 and the letter ㄌ in zhuyin alphabet was inspired by this character.

See also the original version of 爭, in which another plow can be seen. Unrelated to 工 and perhaps to 耒 since they are two different tools. Also unrelated to 另.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-ra (“strength; to win; classifier for people”) + *-k (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with Burmese အား (a:, “strength; force”); Proto-Loloish *ra² (“strength”), whence Nuosu ꊋ (we); Panyi Bai [script needed] (ɣɯ̱⁴², “strength”); Central Bai hhep (“strength”). A causative derivative is 飭 (OC rhək) (Schuessler, 2007).

Schuessler (2007) also suggests an etymological connection with 來 (OC *m·rɯːɡ, “to come”).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • lì - literary;
  • sā̤ - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
More information Variety, Location ...
More information Rime, Character ...
More information Character, Reading # ...
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Definitions

力

  1. physical strength; physical power; energy
    她個子雖小但力大驚人。 [MSC, trad.]
    她个子虽小但力大惊人。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā gèzǐ suī xiǎo dàn lì dà jīngrén. [Pinyin]
    For a small woman she has surprising strength.
  2. force; strength; power
    汽力  ―  qìlì  ―  steam power
    藥力／药力  ―  yàolì  ―  efficacy of a drug
    力量  ―  lìliàng  ―  power
    攻擊力／攻击力  ―  gōngjīlì  ―  firepower
  3. (physics) force
    這個力的方向與位移相同。 [MSC, trad.]
    这个力的方向与位移相同。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè ge lì de fāngxiàng yǔ wèiyí xiāngtóng. [Pinyin]
    This force is the same direction as the displacement.
  4. ability; capability
    能力  ―  nénglì  ―  ability
    他對古董很有鑑賞力。 [MSC, trad.]
    他对古董很有鉴赏力。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā duì gǔdǒng hěn yǒu jiànshǎng lì. [Pinyin]
    He has an eye for antiques.
  5. power and influence; might
  6. (literary) to make an effort; to strive; to endeavor; to work hard
  7. with all one's might; doing all in one's power
    力爭／力争  ―  lìzhēng  ―  to work hard for
    力挽狂瀾／力挽狂澜  ―  lìwǎnkuánglán  ―  to do one's utmost to save a desperate situation
  8. a surname, Li

Synonyms

  • (physical strength):
  • (ability):
  • (function):
  • (to make an effort):

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (力):
  • → Japanese: 力(りき) (riki)
  • → Korean: 력(力) (ryeok), 역(力) (yeok)
  • → Vietnamese: lực (力)

Others:

  • → Proto-Vietic: *k-rək

References

  • “力”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “力”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 261.
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Japanese

Korean

Vietnamese

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