萄

萄 U+8404, 萄 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8404 ← 萃 [U+8403] CJK Unified Ideographs 萅 → [U+8405]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

萄 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿心人山 (TPOU), four-corner 4472₇, composition ⿱艹匋)

Derived characters

• 𡐺, 𫱰, 𢵘, 𪷒, 𨼞

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1040, character 26
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31252
• Dae Jaweon: page 1499, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3237, character 11
• Unihan data for U+8404

Chinese

trad.		萄
simp. #		萄

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 萄
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (匋) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
掏	*l̥ʰuː, *l'uː
蜪	*l̥ʰuː, *l'uː
陶	*bl'uː, *luː
萄	*l'uː
啕	*l'uː
淘	*l'uː
騊	*l'uː
匋	*bl'uː
祹	*l'uː
綯	*l'uː

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'uː): semantic 艹 + phonetic 匋 (OC *bl'uː). Inside the character, there is a reference to the production of an earthenware jar, hence a possible reference to a plant used to make wine. Grape was introduced in China by Zhang Qian (張騫) during the Eastern Han period.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): táo, tao (tao², tao⁵／tao⁰)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄠˊ, ˙ㄊㄠ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): tao²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tou⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): thò

  (Hailu, HRS): to

• Eastern Min (BUC): dò̤
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): tor² / to²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tô / tô͘
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶dau

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: táo
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: táo
    • Wade–Giles: tʻao²
    • Yale: táu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taur
    • Palladius: тао (tao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tao
    • Zhuyin: ˙ㄊㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tåo
    • Wade–Giles: tʻao⁵
    • Yale: tau
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .tau
    • Palladius: тао (tao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑʊ̯/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: tao²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tao
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰau²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: tou⁴
    • Yale: tòuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tou⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tou⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰou̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thò
    • Hakka Romanization System: to^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: to²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰo¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: to
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰo⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dò̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /to⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: tor²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɒ¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: tor²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɒ²⁴/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: to²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: teó
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰo¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: to²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰo²⁴/

Note:

• tor2 - literary (as in 葡萄牙);
• to2 - vernacular (as in 葡萄).

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tô
    • Tâi-lô: tô
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dooi
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /to¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /to²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ²³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tô͘
    • Tâi-lô: tôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: doo
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ²⁴/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶dau
    • MiniDict: dau^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³dau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /dɔ²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: daw

Rime
Character	萄
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒刀切
Baxter	daw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑu/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑu/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/daw/
Li Rong	/dɑu/
Wang Li	/dɑu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱɑu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	táo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tou4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'uː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	萄
Reading #	1/1
No.	12364
Phonetic component	匋
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	陶
Old Chinese	/*l'uː/
Notes	草名後作蒲陶字

Definitions

萄

1. a kind of grass
2. used in 葡萄 (pútáo)

References

• “萄”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “萄”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 174.

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 萄

萄

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: どう (dō)^{←だう (dau, historical)}
• Kan-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
• Kun: ぶどう (budō)^{←ぶだう (budau, historical)}

Korean

Hanja

萄 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to)

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Vietnamese

Han character

萄: Hán Nôm readings: đào

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