釵

See also: 钗

釵 U+91F5, 釵 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91F5 ← 釴 [U+91F4] CJK Unified Ideographs 釶 → [U+91F6]

Translingual

Han character

釵 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+3, 11 strokes, cangjie input 金水戈 (CEI), four-corner 8714₀, composition ⿰釒叉)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1297, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40191
• Dae Jaweon: page 1800, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4173, character 14
• Unihan data for U+91F5

Chinese

trad.		釵
simp.		钗

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (叉) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
叉	*sʰraːl, *sʰreːl
杈	*sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːls
靫	*sʰraːl, *sʰreːl
汊	*sʰraːls
衩	*sʰraːls, *sʰreːls
扠	*hr'eːl
釵	*sʰreːl
芆	*sʰreːl
訍	*sʰreːls

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chāi (chai¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄞ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): caai¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhâi

  (Hailu, HRS): cai^ˋ

• Eastern Min (BUC): chăi / tă̤
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cor¹ / cai¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): thoe / the / chhai

  (Teochew, Peng'im): toi¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chāi
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄞ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chai
    • Wade–Giles: chʻai¹
    • Yale: chāi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chai
    • Palladius: чай (čaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
    • Jyutping: caai¹
    • Yale: chāai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsaai¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cai¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːi̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhâi
    • Hakka Romanization System: cai^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cai¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰai̯²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: cai^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰai⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chăi / tă̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰai⁵⁵/, /tʰɛ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: cor¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cho̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɒ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: cor¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɒ⁵⁴⁴/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: cai¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: chai
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰai⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: cai¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰai⁵⁴⁴/

Note: cor1 - vernacular, cai1 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thoe
    • Tâi-lô: thue
    • Phofsit Daibuun: toef
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰue³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰue⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: the
    • Tâi-lô: the
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tef
    • IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰe⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhai
    • Tâi-lô: tshai
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhay
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰai³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰai⁴⁴/

Note: thoe/the - vernacular, chhai - literary.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: toi¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thoi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰoi³³/

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• Middle Chinese: tsrhea

Rime
Character	釵
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	佳 (31)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	楚佳切
Baxter	tsrhea
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃʰˠɛ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚæ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃʰæi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂʰaɨj/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃʰɛ/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃʰai/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂʰai/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chāi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	caai1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰreːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	釵
Reading #	1/1
No.	1182
Phonetic component	叉
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	釵
Old Chinese	/*sʰreːl/

Definitions

釵

1. (dated) ornamental forked hairpin

Synonyms

• 鈿／钿 (diàn)

Compounds

• 分釵斷帶 / 分钗断带
• 分釵破鏡 / 分钗破镜
• 十二金釵 / 十二金钗
• 土釵 / 土钗
• 寶釵 / 宝钗
• 寶釵樓 / 宝钗楼
• 布裙荊釵 / 布裙荆钗
• 插釵 / 插钗
• 斷釵重合 / 断钗重合
• 爵釵 / 爵钗
• 瑤釵 / 瑶钗
• 破鏡分釵 / 破镜分钗
• 紫玉釵 / 紫玉钗
• 紫釵記 / 紫钗记
• 花釵 / 花钗
• 荊釵布裙 / 荆钗布裙
• 荊釵布襖 / 荆钗布袄
• 荊釵裙布 / 荆钗裙布
• 荊釵記 / 荆钗记
• 薛寶釵 / 薛宝钗
• 裙布荊釵 / 裙布荆钗
• 裙釵 / 裙钗 (qúnchāi)
• 金釵 / 金钗 (jīnchāi)
• 金釵十二 / 金钗十二
• 釵股 / 钗股
• 釵腳漏痕 / 钗脚漏痕
• 釵釧 / 钗钏
• 釵釧記 / 钗钏记
• 釵雲 / 钗云
• 釵頭符 / 钗头符
• 釵頭鳳 / 钗头凤
• 鏡破釵分 / 镜破钗分
• 鐶釵 / 镮钗
• 雀釵 / 雀钗
• 髮釵 / 发钗
• 鬢亂釵橫 / 鬓乱钗横
• 鳳釵 / 凤钗

References

• “Query for 釵”, in 臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
• “釵”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “钗”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 24.