ci

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ci"

Languages (36)

English

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Page categories

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

ci (poetry)

Wikipedia

Etymology

Borrowed from Mandarin 詞／词 (cí).

Noun

ci (uncountable)

1. One of the Classical Chinese poetry forms

Anagrams

• -ic, IC, I²C

Aka (Central Africa)

Noun

ci

1. water

Further reading

• Marvin Lionel Bender, Topics in Nilo-Saharan linguistics (1989) (cí, cì)
• (ɕi)

Balinese

Etymology

From cai (“you”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃi/
• Rhymes: -i

Pronoun

ci (Balinese script ᬘᬶ)

1. (medya) you

   Synonyms: (kasar) ragan, (halus) iratu

Further reading

• “ci”, in Balinese–Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Bali–Indonesia] (in Balinese), Denpasar, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Bali Province [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Bali]

Bambara

Etymology 1

Noun

cí

1. thatch, especially of the species Diheteropogon grandiflorus

Etymology 2

Noun

cí

1. commission, errand
2. message, order
3. mission, task, assignment

   Ò cí bɛ́ í kàn.

   It is your duty.

4. work, labor (especially agricultural)

   cí kɛ́

   to work in the fields

5. usefulness, utility

   Cí tɛ́ nìn ná.

   That's useless.

Verb

cí

1. to send, charge with a mission

   sɛ́bɛn cí mɔ̀gɔ mà

   to send a letter to someone

Etymology 3

Verb

cì

1. to hit

   Fíyɛn bɛ́ cì.

   The wind is blowing.

   fàli cì

   to hit a donkey

2. to break

   À y'á kùn cì.

   He knocked him unconscious.

3. to destroy
4. to split, divide, cut

   dɔ́gɔ cì

   to split wood

5. to burst, explode with a loud noise

   màrifa cì

   to fire off a round (with a gun)

6. to trace, tattoo

   bála cì

   to plot an area of a field to be hoed

   tùgu cì

   to vaccinate in the arm

Noun

cì

1. line, stroke
2. tattoo

Corsican

Etymology

Ultimately from either Latin hīc (“here”) or hinc (“from here”). Akin to Italian ci; see there for more. Compare Sicilian cci.

Adverb

ci

1. there

Pronoun

ci

1. us (both direct and indirect object)

See also

Corsican personal pronouns

			nominative	dative	accusative	disjunctive
singular	1st person		eiu	mi		mè
	2nd person		tù	ti		tè
	3rd person	m	ellu	li	u, l'	ellu
		f	ella		a, l'	ella
plural	1st person		noi	ci		noi
	2nd person		voi	vi		voi
	3rd person	m	elli	li	i, l'	elli
		f	elle		e, l'	elle

References

• https://infcor.adecec.net/

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin quem. Compare Portuguese quem, Romanian cine, Spanish quien, Romansch che, Sardinian chíne.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃi/

Pronoun

ci

1. who

Dhimal

Noun

ci

1. water

Further reading

• John T. King, A Grammar of Dhimal

Esperanto

Etymology

From Italian or French tu, Russian ты (ty), etc., plus the i of personal pronouns.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡si/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -i
• Hyphenation: ci

Pronoun

ci (accusative cin, possessive cia)

1. (rare) thou, you (second-person informal singular pronoun)
   • 1905, Ludoviko Lazaro Zamenhof, Fundamento de Esperanto:

     Mi legas. — Ci skribas (anstataŭ “ci” oni uzas ordinare “vi”).

     I read. — Thou writest (instead of “ci” one ordinarily uses “vi”.)

   • 1899, Felikso Zamenhof, (Please provide the book title or journal name):

     Ekamis la konato / Kaj reciproke ŝi; / Post paso de monato / Ŝanĝiĝis »Vi« per »ci«.

     Her acquaintance fell in love / and reciprocally she; / after the passage of a month / "You" changed into "thee".

   • 1907, Henri Vallienne, Kastelo de Prelongo, ch. 6:

     Cia sintenado estos vere fiera, li moke murmuretis en ŝian orelon, kiam ci estos vekinta la tutan loĝantaron.

     Thine attitude shall be truly proud, he mockingly whispered into her ear, when thou shalt have awakened the whole population.

Usage notes

Some people believe that this word was used in the past and then became archaic, but this is not true. Actually, this word has never been in common usage; as written by Zamenhof as early as 1888, when the Dua Libro de l' Lingvo Internacia, was published. Many Esperantists do not even understand it. Some authors have used ci to portray archaic language, for translations, and for stylistic effects. This usage is criticized by other writers.

• Ludwig L. Zamenhof, Dua Libro de l' Lingvo Internacia; Ludwig L. Zamenhof, Lingvaj Respondoj; Bertilo Wennergren, Plena Manlibro de Esperanta Gramatiko (PMEG); Bernard Golden, La Gazeto #11, June 15, 1987; Zlatko Tisjlar, Frekvencmorfemaro de Parolata Esperanto.

See also

Esperanto personal pronouns

		singular				plural
		nominative	accusative	possessive		nominative	accusative	possessive
first person		mi	min	mia		ni	nin	nia
second person	formal	vi	vin	via		vi	vin	via
	familiar1	ci	cin	cia
third person	masculine	li	lin	lia		ili iŝi3	ilin iŝin3	ilia iŝia3
	feminine	ŝi	ŝin	ŝia
	neuter	ĝi	ĝin	ĝia
	gender-neutral2	ri ŝli	rin ŝlin	ria ŝlia
	reflexive	si	sin	sia		si	sin	sia
indefinite		oni	onin	onia		oni	onin	onia

¹ The second-person familiar pronouns are rare.

² The proposed gender-neutral third-person singular pronouns ri (rin, ria) and ŝli (ŝlin, ŝlia) are not widely used.

³ The proposed third-person feminine plural pronoun iŝi (iŝin, iŝia) is not widely used.

French

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin ecce hīc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /si/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (France (Toulouse)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

• Homophones: si, scie, scies, scient

Adverb

ci

1. (in compounds, else archaic) alternative form of ici (“here”)
2. (after a noun) see -ci

Derived terms

• ceci
• ci-après
• ci-avant
• ci-contre
• ci-dessous
• ci-dessus
• ci-devant
• ci-gît
• ci-joint
• comme ci comme ça
• ici
• par-ci, par-là

References

• “ci”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Hausa

Etymology

From Proto-Chadic, ultimately from Proto-Afroasiatic *taʔ- (“to eat, especially something soft, to close lips, especially loosely”). Compare Akkadian 𒋫𒀪𒌑 (ta-ʾu-u₂ /⁠taʾu⁠/, “to eat”), Mehri tewō (“eat”), Arabic تَأْتَأَ (taʔtaʔa, “to stammer, to stutter, to reduplicate sounds, to mumble or move lips”), and with varying Berber forms Tamahaq ⵜⵜ (tǝtt), Tarifit ⵜⵜ (tǝtt), Central Atlas Tamazight ⵜⵛ (tc), and Kabyle teṭṭ (pharyngeal-coloring found as well in the Arabic variant تَعْتَعَ (taʕtaʕa), and in that sense possible further connections to طَعِمَ (ṭaʕima, “to taste”) and عَضَّ (ʕaḍḍa, “to bite”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃí/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃɪ́]

Verb

ci (grade Ø)

1. to eat, to eat soft things

Ido

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tsi/

Determiner

ci

1. alternative form of ici (“these”)

Pronoun

ci

1. alternative form of ici (“these”)

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃi/ [ˈt͡ʃi]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: ci

Etymology 1

From Xiamen Hokkien 錢／钱 (chîⁿ, “mace”).

Noun

ci (plural ci-ci)

1. (obsolete) weight unit 1/10 tahil (for opium)

Etymology 2

From Sundanese ci, perhaps derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wahiʀ.

Noun

ci (countable and uncountable, plural ci-ci)

1. river (large stream which drains a landmass), specifically, those located in Banten, West Java, and far-western Central Java

   Synonyms: sungai, kali

Etymology 3

Noun

ci (plural ci-ci)

1. alternative form of encik
2. alternative form of taci (“elder sister”)

Further reading

• “ci”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Interlingua

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tsi/

Adverb

ci

1. here (at this place)