nyonga

Chichewa

Etymology

Potentially a variant of *-jánga (“to hang”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɲo.ᵑɡa/

Verb

-nyonga (infinitive kunyónga)

1. to execute

   Synonym: -fetsa

2. to hang
3. to strangle
4. to kill without mercy
5. to take life
6. to slay
7. to murder
8. to be vigorous
9. to be stout
10. to be strong/powerful/potent

References

• Steven Paas (2016), Oxford Chichewa-English/English - Chichewa Dictionary‎, Oxford University Press, page 431

Fanagalo

Etymology

From Zulu inyonga, from Proto-Bantu *njóngà.

Noun

nyonga

1. hip
2. femur

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

nyonga class IX (plural nyonga class X)

1. alternative form of unyonga

Noun

nyonga

1. plural of unyonga

Verb

-nyonga (infinitive kunyonga)

1. to strangle, throttle; hang
2. (Sheng) to masturbate

Conjugation

Conjugation of -nyonga
Positive present -nanyonga Subjunctive -nyonge Negative -nyongi Imperative singular nyonga
Infinitives
Positive kunyonga Negative kutonyonga
Imperatives
Singular nyonga Plural nyongeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hunyonga Positive past positive subject concord + -linyonga Negative past negative subject concord + -kunyonga
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nanyonga) Singular Plural 1st person ninanyonga/nanyonga tunanyonga 2nd person unanyonga mnanyonga 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ananyonga wananyonga other classes positive subject concord + -nanyonga
Negative present (negative subject concord + -nyongi) Singular Plural 1st person sinyongi hatunyongi 2nd person hunyongi hamnyongi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hanyongi hawanyongi other classes negative subject concord + -nyongi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tanyonga Negative future negative subject concord + -tanyonga
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -nyonge) Singular Plural 1st person ninyonge tunyonge 2nd person unyonge mnyonge 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anyonge wanyonge other classes positive subject concord + -nyonge
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sinyonge Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngenyonga Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singenyonga Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalinyonga Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalinyonga
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -anyonga) Singular Plural 1st person nanyonga twanyonga 2nd person wanyonga mwanyonga 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anyonga wanyonga m-mi(III/IV) wanyonga yanyonga ji-ma(V/VI) lanyonga yanyonga ki-vi(VII/VIII) chanyonga vyanyonga n(IX/X) yanyonga zanyonga u(XI) wanyonga see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwanyonga pa(XVI) panyonga mu(XVIII) mwanyonga
Perfect positive subject concord + -menyonga "Already" positive subject concord + -meshanyonga "Not yet" negative subject concord + -janyonga "If/When" positive subject concord + -kinyonga "If not" positive subject concord + -siponyonga Consecutive kanyonga / positive subject concord + -kanyonga Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kanyonge
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -ninyonga -tunyonga 2nd person -kunyonga -wanyonga/-kunyongeni/-wanyongeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mnyonga -wanyonga m-mi(III/IV) -unyonga -inyonga ji-ma(V/VI) -linyonga -yanyonga ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kinyonga -vinyonga n(IX/X) -inyonga -zinyonga u(XI) -unyonga see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kunyonga pa(XVI) -panyonga mu(XVIII) -munyonga Reflexive -jinyonga
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -nyonga- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -nyongaye -nyongao m-mi(III/IV) -nyongao -nyongayo ji-ma(V/VI) -nyongalo -nyongayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -nyongacho -nyongavyo n(IX/X) -nyongayo -nyongazo u(XI) -nyongao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -nyongako pa(XVI) -nyongapo mu(XVIII) -nyongamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -nyonga) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yenyonga -onyonga m-mi(III/IV) -onyonga -yonyonga ji-ma(V/VI) -lonyonga -yonyonga ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chonyonga -vyonyonga n(IX/X) -yonyonga -zonyonga u(XI) -onyonga see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -konyonga pa(XVI) -ponyonga mu(XVIII) -monyonga
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Passive: -nyongwa
  • Stative: -nyongeka (“be twisted”)

Tumbuka

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *njóngà. The Bantu Lexical Reconstruction 3 doesn't say that this word is distributed in region N, so it is possible that Tumbuka borrowed the word from another language, or that zone N was left out.

Noun

nyonga class 9 (plural nyonga class 10)

1. pelvis, hip bone

References

• Wm. Y. Turner, Tumbuka/Tonga-English and English-Tumbuka/Tonga Dictionary, 1996