tangulia

Swahili

Etymology

An applicative form derived from Proto-Bantu *-tánga.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-tangulia (infinitive kutangulia)

1. to precede
2. to take the lead

Conjugation

Conjugation of -tangulia
Positive present -natangulia Subjunctive -tangulie Negative -tangulii Imperative singular tangulia
Infinitives
Positive kutangulia Negative kutotangulia
Imperatives
Singular tangulia Plural tangulieni
Tensed forms
Habitual hutangulia Positive past positive subject concord + -litangulia Negative past negative subject concord + -kutangulia
Positive present (positive subject concord + -natangulia) Singular Plural 1st person ninatangulia/natangulia tunatangulia 2nd person unatangulia mnatangulia 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anatangulia wanatangulia other classes positive subject concord + -natangulia
Negative present (negative subject concord + -tangulii) Singular Plural 1st person sitangulii hatutangulii 2nd person hutangulii hamtangulii 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hatangulii hawatangulii other classes negative subject concord + -tangulii
Positive future positive subject concord + -tatangulia Negative future negative subject concord + -tatangulia
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -tangulie) Singular Plural 1st person nitangulie tutangulie 2nd person utangulie mtangulie 3rd person m-wa(I/II) atangulie watangulie other classes positive subject concord + -tangulie
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sitangulie Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngetangulia Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singetangulia Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalitangulia Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalitangulia
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atangulia) Singular Plural 1st person natangulia twatangulia 2nd person watangulia mwatangulia 3rd person m-wa(I/II) atangulia watangulia m-mi(III/IV) watangulia yatangulia ji-ma(V/VI) latangulia yatangulia ki-vi(VII/VIII) chatangulia vyatangulia n(IX/X) yatangulia zatangulia u(XI) watangulia see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwatangulia pa(XVI) patangulia mu(XVIII) mwatangulia
Perfect positive subject concord + -metangulia "Already" positive subject concord + -meshatangulia "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jatangulia "If/When" positive subject concord + -kitangulia "If not" positive subject concord + -sipotangulia Consecutive katangulia / positive subject concord + -katangulia Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -katangulie
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nitangulia -tutangulia 2nd person -kutangulia -watangulia/-kutangulieni/-watangulieni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mtangulia -watangulia m-mi(III/IV) -utangulia -itangulia ji-ma(V/VI) -litangulia -yatangulia ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kitangulia -vitangulia n(IX/X) -itangulia -zitangulia u(XI) -utangulia see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kutangulia pa(XVI) -patangulia mu(XVIII) -mutangulia Reflexive -jitangulia
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tangulia- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -tanguliaye -tanguliao m-mi(III/IV) -tanguliao -tanguliayo ji-ma(V/VI) -tangulialo -tanguliayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -tanguliacho -tanguliavyo n(IX/X) -tanguliayo -tanguliazo u(XI) -tanguliao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -tanguliako pa(XVI) -tanguliapo mu(XVIII) -tanguliamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tangulia) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yetangulia -otangulia m-mi(III/IV) -otangulia -yotangulia ji-ma(V/VI) -lotangulia -yotangulia ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chotangulia -vyotangulia n(IX/X) -yotangulia -zotangulia u(XI) -otangulia see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kotangulia pa(XVI) -potangulia mu(XVIII) -motangulia
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Nominal derivations:
  • mtangulizi (“predecessor, precursor”)
  • utangulizi (“introduction”)