tunza

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-tunza (infinitive kutunza)

1. to take care of, guard, observe, mind

Conjugation

Conjugation of -tunza
Positive present -natunza Subjunctive -tunze Negative -tunzi Imperative singular tunza
Infinitives
Positive kutunza Negative kutotunza
Imperatives
Singular tunza Plural tunzeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hutunza Positive past positive subject concord + -litunza Negative past negative subject concord + -kutunza
Positive present (positive subject concord + -natunza) Singular Plural 1st person ninatunza/natunza tunatunza 2nd person unatunza mnatunza 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anatunza wanatunza other classes positive subject concord + -natunza
Negative present (negative subject concord + -tunzi) Singular Plural 1st person situnzi hatutunzi 2nd person hutunzi hamtunzi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hatunzi hawatunzi other classes negative subject concord + -tunzi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tatunza Negative future negative subject concord + -tatunza
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -tunze) Singular Plural 1st person nitunze tutunze 2nd person utunze mtunze 3rd person m-wa(I/II) atunze watunze other classes positive subject concord + -tunze
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -situnze Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngetunza Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singetunza Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalitunza Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalitunza
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atunza) Singular Plural 1st person natunza twatunza 2nd person watunza mwatunza 3rd person m-wa(I/II) atunza watunza m-mi(III/IV) watunza yatunza ji-ma(V/VI) latunza yatunza ki-vi(VII/VIII) chatunza vyatunza n(IX/X) yatunza zatunza u(XI) watunza see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwatunza pa(XVI) patunza mu(XVIII) mwatunza
Perfect positive subject concord + -metunza "Already" positive subject concord + -meshatunza "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jatunza "If/When" positive subject concord + -kitunza "If not" positive subject concord + -sipotunza Consecutive katunza / positive subject concord + -katunza Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -katunze
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nitunza -tutunza 2nd person -kutunza -watunza/-kutunzeni/-watunzeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mtunza -watunza m-mi(III/IV) -utunza -itunza ji-ma(V/VI) -litunza -yatunza ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kitunza -vitunza n(IX/X) -itunza -zitunza u(XI) -utunza see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kutunza pa(XVI) -patunza mu(XVIII) -mutunza Reflexive -jitunza
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tunza- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -tunzaye -tunzao m-mi(III/IV) -tunzao -tunzayo ji-ma(V/VI) -tunzalo -tunzayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -tunzacho -tunzavyo n(IX/X) -tunzayo -tunzazo u(XI) -tunzao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -tunzako pa(XVI) -tunzapo mu(XVIII) -tunzamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tunza) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yetunza -otunza m-mi(III/IV) -otunza -yotunza ji-ma(V/VI) -lotunza -yotunza ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chotunza -vyotunza n(IX/X) -yotunza -zotunza u(XI) -otunza see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kotunza pa(XVI) -potunza mu(XVIII) -motunza
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -tunzia
  • Causative: -tunzisha
  • Passive: -tunzwa
  • Reciprocal: -tunzana
  • Stative: -tunzika

• Nominal derivations:
  • matunzo (“care, maintenance”)
  • mtunzaji (“caretaker”)
  • utunzaji (“care, attention”)