India
country in South Asia / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
India (Hindi: Bhārat), officially the Republic of India (Hindi: Bhārat Gaṇarājya) and also known as Hindustān or Bhārat within the country, is a country in South Asia. It is the largest country by number of people[10] and seventh largest country by land area. India is a peninsula, bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It has six neighbors: Pakistan in the north-west, China, Nepal, and Bhutan in the north, and Bangladesh and Myanmar in the east. Sri Lanka is nearby to the south.
Republic of India भारत गणराज्य Bhārat Gaṇarājya | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Satyameva Jayate" (Sanskrit) "Truth Alone Triumphs"[1] | |
| Anthem: "Jana Gana Mana"[2][3] "Thou Art the Ruler of the Minds of All People"[4][2] | |
| National song "Vande Mataram" "I Bow to Thee, Mother"[lower-alpha 1][1][2] | |
.svg) Land controlled by India shown in dark green; land claimed but not controlled shown in light green | |
| Capital | New Delhi 28°36′50″N 77°12′30″E |
| Largest city | Mumbai |
| Official languages | Indian | English |
| Recognised regional languages | 20 languages |
| National language | Sanskrit |
| Ethnic groups | 97.2–98% Indians
2–2.8% others (( Chakmas | Tibetans | Mongols | Kukis | Boloch | Arabs | Afgans | Burmese | Sinhalese | Hazara | British | Potuguese | Russian | Chinese | Jews | Persian | Indonesian | Filipino)) |
| Religion (2011) | |
| Demonym(s) | Indian |
| Government | Federal parliamentary constitutional republic |
| Droupadi Murmu | |
| Jagadeep Dhanakar | |
| Narendra Modi(BJP) | |
| Om Birla(BJP) | |
| Dhananjaya Chandrachud | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Rajya Sabha | |
| Lok Sabha | |
| Formation | |
• Unification | 1000BC - AD 1800 |
• British colonization | 12 December 1800 |
• Independence from the United Kingdom | 26 January 1930 |
• Constitution | 8 August 1950 |
| Area | |
• Total | 4,440,000 km2 (1,710,000 sq mi) (7th) |
• Water (%) | 9.6 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 714,313,835[5] (2nd) |
• 2011 census | 605,427,488[6] |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $13.35 trillion (3rd) |
• Per capita | $18,146 (85th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $3.737 trillion (5th) |
• Per capita | $5,202 (88th) |
| Gini (2020) | 55.9[7] high |
| HDI (2021) |  0.763[8]high · 99th |
| Currency | Indian rupee (₹) (INR) |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| DST is not observed | |
| Date format |
|
| Mains electricity | 230 V–50 Hz |
| Driving side | left[9] |
| Calling code | +91 |
| ISO 3166 code | IN |
| Internet TLD | .in (others) |
The capital city of India is New Delhi. India has the second largest military force in the world and is also a nuclear weapon state.[11] India's economy became the world's fastest growing in the G20 developing nations during 2014, replacing the People's Republic of China.[12] India's literacy and wealth are also rising.[13] According to New World Wealth, India is the fifth richest country in the world with a total individual wealth of $12.6 trillion.[14][15] However, it still has many social and economic issues like poverty and corruption. India is a founding member of the World Trade Organisation (WTO), and has signed the Kyoto Protocol.
India has the fifth largest economy by nominal GDP, the third largest by GDP (PPP) and is the fastest growing major economy. India is a nuclear power and has the second largest standing military in the world. India has its own space agency (ISRO) and has done various research throughout the solar system, including sending spacecraft to the Moon, Mars, and Venus. India is also a member of the G20 developing nations, and has been described as a potential superpower due to its rising economy and increase in global influence.
India has the fourth largest number of spoken languages per country in the world, only behind Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, and Nigeria.[16] People of many different religions live there, including the five most popular world religions: Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Islam, and Christianity. The first three religions originated from the Indian subcontinent along with Jainism.
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