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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Visa requirements for Chinese citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of China residing in the Mainland by the authorities of other states.
As of 2024, Chinese citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 90 countries and territories, ranking the Chinese passport 60th in the world according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]
Before February 2014, Chinese immigration authorities did not generally allow mainland Chinese citizens to board cruise ships, flights, or go through land boarder crossings to other countries without having a valid visa for the destination country. This policy applied even if the destination country did not require a visa, or granted a visa on arrival to Chinese passport holders, unless the exit was approved by the Ministry of Public Security.
Exceptions were possible if the traveller had a third country's visa and a connecting flight from the initial destination country to the third country. As of 10 June 2017,[update] if the destination is a visa-on-arrival or e-visa issuing country this approval is no longer needed.[citation needed]
Visa requirements for Chinese citizens were lifted by:
Country | Date | Note |
---|---|---|
Micronesia | 18 December 1980[2] | |
San Marino | 22 July 1985 | |
Seychelles | 26 June 2013 | |
Bahamas | 12 February 2014 | |
Antigua and Barbuda | 18 November 2014 | |
Indonesia | 2015 | Visa Requirement Later Reinstated |
Fiji | 14 March 2015 | |
Grenada | 10 June 2015 | |
Ecuador | 1 March 2016 | Visa Requirement Reinstated on 1 July 2024 |
Morocco | 1 June 2016 | |
Tonga | 19 August 2016 | |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 1 January 2017 | |
Serbia | 15 January 2017 | |
Tunisia | 17 February 2017 | |
Barbados | 1 June 2017[3] | |
United Arab Emirates | 16 January 2018 | |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 29 May 2018 | |
British Virgin Islands | 5 July 2018[4] | |
Saint Lucia | 18 July 2018[5] | |
Belarus | 10 August 2018 | |
Qatar | 21 December 2018 | |
Iran | 21 July 2019 | |
Albania | 23 December 2019 | |
Uzbekistan | 1 January 2020 | |
Armenia | 19 January 2020 | |
Oman | 16 December 2020 | |
Suriname | 1 May 2021 | |
Maldives | 20 May 2022 | |
Kazakhstan | 8 July 2022[6] | |
Dominica | 19 September 2022 | |
Zambia | 2 November 2022[7] | |
Gabon | 20 February 2023 | Visa Requirement Later Reinstated |
Mozambique | 1 May 2023 | |
Kiribati | 1 September 2023 | |
Benin | 3 September 2023 | |
Georgia | 11 September 2023[8] | |
Thailand | 25 September 2023 | Permanently on 1 March, 2024 |
Angola | 28 September 2023 | |
Malaysia | 1 December 2023[9] | Temporary Visa Exemption |
Kenya | 4 January 2024 | eTA Required |
Singapore | 9 February 2024 | |
Malawi | 9 February 2024 | |
Cuba | 5 May 2024[10] | |
Azerbaijan | 20 July 2024[11] | |
Visas on arrival were introduced by:
Country | Date | Note |
---|---|---|
Azerbaijan | 1 February 2016[12] | |
Brunei | 23 May 2016 | |
Ukraine | 1 October 2016 | Currently abolished |
Armenia | 10 November 2016 | Also visa-exempt |
São Tomé and Príncipe | 5 April 2017 | |
Qatar | 22 June 2017 | Also visa-exempt |
Gabon | 12 October 2017 | Converted to e-Visa |
Bolivia | 27 December 2017 | |
Rwanda | 1 January 2018 | |
Benin | 15 March 2018 | Also visa-exempt |
Zimbabwe | 1 July 2018 | |
Myanmar | 1 October 2018 | |
Sierra Leone | 5 July 2019 | |
Saudi Arabia | 28 September 2019 | |
Iraq | 15 March 2021 |
Chinese citizens were made eligible for eVisas by:
Country | Date | Note |
---|---|---|
Lesotho | 1 May 2017 | |
Djibouti | 18 February 2018 | |
Oman | 7 May 2018 | Also visa-exempt |
Uzbekistan | 15 July 2018 | Also visa-exempt |
Pakistan | 14 March 2019 | |
Saudi Arabia | 28 September 2019 | |
South Africa | 14 February 2022 | [13] |
Mongolia | 27 April 2022 | [14] |
Japan | 19 June 2023 | [15] |
Russia | 1 August 2023 | |
Vietnam | 15 August 2023 | |
Philippines | 15 August 2023 | (suspended since November 30, 2023)[16][17][18] |
Libya | 21 March 2024 | |
Country / Region | Visa requirement | Allowed stay | Notes (excluding departure fees) | Reciprocity |
---|---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan | Visa required[19] |
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Albania | Visa not required[19][21] | 90 days |
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Algeria | Visa required[19] | |||
Andorra | De Facto Visa required[19] |
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Angola | Visa not required[19] | 30 days |
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Antigua and Barbuda | Visa not required[19] | 30 days |
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Argentina | Visa required[19] |
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Armenia | Visa not required[19][25] | 90 days |
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Australia | Online Visa required[19] | |||
Austria | Visa required[19] | |||
Azerbaijan | Visa not required[29] | 30 days |
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Bahamas | Visa not required[19] | 3 months | ||
Bahrain | eVisa / Visa on arrival[19] | 14 days |
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Bangladesh | Visa on arrival[19] | 30 days. |
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Barbados | Visa not required[19] | 30 days | ||
Belarus | Visa not required[19] | 30 days | ||
Belgium | Visa required[19] | |||
Belize | Visa required[19] |
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Benin | Visa not required[19] | 30 days | ||
Bhutan | eVisa[19][37] | |||
Bolivia | Online Visa / Visa on arrival[19][38] | 30 days |
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Bosnia and Herzegovina | Visa not required[19] | 90 days |
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Botswana | eVisa[19][41] | 3 months |
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Brazil | Visa required[19] | |||
Brunei | Visa on arrival[19] | 14 days[42] |
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Bulgaria | Visa required[19] | |||
Burkina Faso | eVisa[19][43] |
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Burundi | Visa on arrival[19] | 1 month | ||
Cambodia | eVisa / Visa on arrival[19][44] | 30 days |
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Cameroon | eVisa[19][45] | |||
Canada | Visa required[19] |
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Cape Verde | Visa on arrival[19] | 30 days | ||
Central African Republic | Visa required[19] | |||
Chad | Visa required[19] | |||
Chile | Visa required[19] |
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Colombia | Online Visa[19][47] |
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Comoros | Visa on arrival[19] | 45 days |
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Republic of the Congo | Visa required[19] |
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Democratic Republic of the Congo | eVisa[19][49] | 7 days | ||
Costa Rica | Visa required[19] |
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Côte d'Ivoire | eVisa[19][50] | 3 months |
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Croatia | Visa required[19] | |||
Cuba | Visa not required[19] | 90 days |
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Cyprus | Visa required[19] |
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Czech Republic | Visa required[19] | |||
Denmark | Visa required[19] | |||
Djibouti | eVisa[19][52] | 90 days |
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Dominica | Visa not required[19] | 30 days | ||
Dominican Republic | Visa required[19] |
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Ecuador | Visa required |
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Egypt | eVisa / Visa on arrival[19][54] | 30 days |
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El Salvador | Visa required[19] | |||
Equatorial Guinea | eVisa [19][55] | |||
Eritrea | Visa required[19] |
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Estonia | Visa required[19] | |||
Eswatini | Visa required[19] | |||
Ethiopia | eVisa / Visa on arrival[19] | 90 days |
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Fiji | Visa not required[19] | 4 months | ||
Finland | Visa required[19] | |||
France | Visa required[19] | |||
Gabon | eVisa[19][58] | 90 days |
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Gambia | Visa required[19] |
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Georgia | Visa not required[19] | 30 days |
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Germany | Visa required[19] | |||
Ghana | Visa required[19] | |||
Greece | Visa required[19] | |||
Grenada | Visa not required[19] | 30 days[63] | ||
Guatemala | Visa required[19] |
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Guinea | eVisa[19][64][65] | 90 days |
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Guinea-Bissau | Visa on arrival[19] | 90 days | ||
Guyana | Visa required[19] |
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Haiti | Visa not required[19] | 3 months |
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Honduras | Visa required[19] |
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Hungary | Visa required[19] | |||
Iceland | Visa required[19] | |||
India | Visa required[19] |
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Indonesia | e-VOA / Visa on arrival[19][68] | 30 days |
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Iran | Visa not required[19][70] | 21 days | ||
Iraq | eVisa / Visa on arrival[71] | 60 days[72] | ||
Ireland | Visa required[19] |
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Israel | Visa required[19] |
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Italy | Visa required[19] | |||
Jamaica | Visa not required[19] | 30 days | ||
Japan | Visa required[19] |
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Jordan | eVisa / Visa on arrival[19][79] |
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Kazakhstan | Visa not required[6] | 30 days |
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Kenya | Electronic Travel Authorisation[19][80] | 90 days |
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Kiribati | Visa not required[19] | 90 days |
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North Korea | Visa required[19] |
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South Korea | Visa required[19] |
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Kuwait | Visa required [19] |
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Kyrgyzstan | eVisa[19][84] | 60 days |
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Laos | eVisa / Visa on arrival[19] | 30 days |
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Latvia | Visa required[19] | |||
Lebanon | Free visa on arrival[19] | 1 month |
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Lesotho | eVisa[19][90] | |||
Liberia | Visa required[19] | |||
Libya | eVisa[19][91] | |||
Liechtenstein | Visa required[19] | |||
Lithuania | Visa required[19] | |||
Luxembourg | Visa required[19] | |||
Madagascar | Visa on arrival[19] | 60 days | ||
Malawi | Visa not required[19][92] | |||
Malaysia | Visa not required[19][93] | 30 days | ||
Maldives | Visa not required[19] | 30 days | ||
Mali | Visa required[19] |
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Malta | Visa required[19] | |||
Marshall Islands | Visa required[19] | |||
Mauritania | Visa on arrival[19] |
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Mauritius | Visa not required[19] | 90 days | ||
Mexico | Visa required[19] |
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Micronesia | Visa not required[19] | 30 days | ||
Moldova | eVisa[19][98] |
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Monaco | Visa required[19] | |||
Mongolia | eVisa[19][100] | 30 days | ||
Montenegro | Visa required[19] |
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Morocco | Visa not required[19] | 90 days | ||
Mozambique | Visa not required[19][102] | 30 days |
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Myanmar | eVisa / Visa on arrival[19][104] | 28 days |
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Namibia | Visa required[19] |
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Nauru | Visa required[19] | |||
Nepal | Online Visa / Free visa on arrival[19][106] |
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Netherlands | Visa required[19] | |||
New Zealand | Visa required[19] |
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Nicaragua | Visa required[19] | |||
Niger | Visa required[19] |
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Nigeria | eVisa[19][110] | 90 days |
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North Macedonia | Visa required[19] |
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Norway | Visa required[19] | |||
Oman | Visa not required / eVisa[19][111] | 14 days / 30 days |
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Pakistan | eVisa[112][113] | 90 days |
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Palau | Free visa on arrival[19] | 30 days |
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Panama | Visa required[19] |
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Papua New Guinea | eVisa[19][115] | 30 days |
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Paraguay | Visa required[19] | |||
Peru | Visa required[19] | |||
Philippines | Visa required[19] |
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Poland | Visa required[19] | |||
Portugal | Visa required[19] | |||
Qatar | Visa not required[19][120] | 30 days | ||
Romania | Visa required[19] | |||
Russia | Visa not required (conditional) / eVisa[19][121] | 15 days / 16 days |
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Rwanda | eVisa / Visa on arrival[19][122] | 30 days | ||
Saint Kitts and Nevis | Visa not required[19] | 3 months | ||
Saint Lucia | Visa not required[19][123] | 6 weeks | ||
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Visa required[19] | |||
Samoa | Visa not required[19] | 60 days | ||
San Marino | Visa not required[124][19] | 90 days.[125] |
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São Tomé and Príncipe | eVisa / Visa on arrival[19][126] | 15 days.[127] |
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Saudi Arabia | eVisa / Visa on arrival[19][128] | 90 days | ||
Senegal | Visa on arrival[19] | 30 days |
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Serbia | Visa not required[19] | 30 days |
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Seychelles | Visa not required[19][130] | 3 months[131][132] | ||
Sierra Leone | eVisa / Visa on arrival[19][133] | 3 months / 30 days |
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Singapore | Visa not required[19] | 30 days |
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Slovakia | Visa required[19] | |||
Slovenia | Visa required[19] | |||
Solomon Islands | Visa required[19] |
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Somalia | Visa on arrival[19] | 30 days |
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South Africa | eVisa[19][135] |
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South Sudan | eVisa[19][136] |
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Spain | Visa required[19] | |||
Sri Lanka | eVisa / Free visa on arrival[19][137] | 60 days / 30 days |
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Sudan | Visa required[19] | |||
Suriname | Visa not required[19][141] | 30 days | ||
Sweden | Visa required[19] | |||
Switzerland | Visa required[19] | |||
Syria | eVisa[144] | |||
Tajikistan | eVisa[19][145] | 60 days | ||
Tanzania | eVisa / Visa on arrival[19][147] | 90 days | ||
Thailand | Visa not required[19] | 30 days |
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Timor-Leste | Visa on arrival[19] | 30 days |
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Togo | eVisa[19][148] | 15 days |
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Tonga | Visa not required[19] | 30 days[149] | ||
Trinidad and Tobago | Visa required[19] | |||
Tunisia | Visa not required[19] | 90 days |
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Turkey | eVisa[19][151] | 30 days. |
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Turkmenistan | Visa required[19] |
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Tuvalu | Visa on arrival[19] | 1 month | ||
Uganda | eVisa[19][152] | 3 months |
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Ukraine | Visa required[19] |
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United Arab Emirates | Visa not required[19] | 30 days | ||
United Kingdom and Crown dependencies | Visa required[19] |
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United States | Visa required[19] |
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Uruguay | Visa required[19] |
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Uzbekistan | Visa not required[19] | 10 days |
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Vanuatu | Visa not required[19] | 30 days |
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Vatican City | Visa required[19] | |||
Venezuela | Visa required[19] |
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Vietnam | eVisa[19][160] |
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Yemen | Visa required[19] | |||
Zambia | Visa not required[19][162] | 30 days |
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Zimbabwe | Visa on arrival[19] | 30 days |
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Territory | Conditions of access | Notes |
---|---|---|
Abkhazia | Visa required[163] | |
Kosovo | Visa required[164] | Visa is not required for holders of a valid travel documents issued by EU Member and Schengen States, United States of America, Canada, Australia and Japan based on the 1951 Convention on Refugee Status or the 1954 Convention on the Status of Stateless Persons, as well as holders of valid travel documents for foreigners (max. 15 days stay) [165]
|
Northern Cyprus | Visa not required[167] | |
Palestine | Visa not required[19] | Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[168] |
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic | Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara controlled territory. | |
Somaliland | Visa on arrival | 30 days for 30 USD, payable on arrival.[169][170] |
South Ossetia | Visa not required[171][172] | |
Transnistria | Visa not required[173] | Registration required after 24h.[174][175] |
Territory | Conditions of access | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|
Denmark | |||
Faroe Islands | Visa required[176] | ||
Greenland | Visa required[176] | ||
France | |||
Clipperton Island | Special permit required[177] | ||
French Guiana | Visa required[19] | ||
French Polynesia | Conditional visa waiver[19] | 15 days, need to travel with specific agencies | |
Guadeloupe | Visa required[178] | Visa not required of cruise ship passengers during the period of the stopover if hold residence permit issued by EU / EEA country, Switzerland, Canada, Japan or USA[179] | |
Martinique | Visa required | ||
Saint Barthélemy | Visa required | ||
Saint Martin | Visa required | ||
Mayotte | Visa required[19][178] | ||
New Caledonia | Conditional visa waiver[19][180] | 15 days, need to travel with specific agencies | |
Réunion | Conditional visa waiver[19] | 15 days, need to travel with specific agencies | |
Saint Pierre and Miquelon | Visa required[19][178] | Holders of a Canadian photo ID (e.g. a driver's licence, health card, student card, or permanent resident card), traveling directly from Canada, do not require a visa.[181] | |
Wallis and Futuna | Visa required[182] | ||
Netherlands | |||
Aruba | Visa required[19] | Holders of a valid visa issued by a Canada, US or Schengen Member State (‘C’ or ‘D’ visa) do not require a visa for 90 days for each territory. | |
Bonaire | Visa required[19] | Holders of a valid visa issued by a Canada, US or Schengen Member State (‘C’ or ‘D’ visa) do not require a visa for 90 days for each territory. | |
Sint Eustatius | Visa required | Holders of a valid visa issued by a Canada, US or Schengen Member State (‘C’ or ‘D’ visa) do not require a visa for 90 days for each territory. | |
Saba | Visa required | Holders of a valid visa issued by a Canada, US or Schengen Member State (‘C’ or ‘D’ visa) do not require a visa for 90 days for each territory. | |
Curaçao | Visa required[19] | Holders of a valid visa issued by a Canada, US or Schengen Member State (‘C’ or ‘D’ visa) do not require a visa for 90 days for each territory. | |
Sint Maarten | Visa required[19] | Holders of a valid visa issued by a Canada, US or Schengen Member State (‘C’ or ‘D’ visa) do not require a visa for 90 days for each territory. | |
New Zealand | |||
Cook Islands | Visa not required[19] | 31 days | |
Niue | Visa not required[19] | 30 days | |
Tokelau | Permit required[183] | ||
Norway | |||
Jan Mayen | Permit required | Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[184] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[185] | |
Svalbard | Visa not required | Unlimited period under Svalbard Treaty.[186] | |
United Kingdom | |||
Akrotiri and Dhekelia | Visa required[187] | ||
Anguilla | Visa required[19][188] | Visa not required with a valid visa or residence permit from the United States, Canada or the United Kingdom. | |
Bermuda | Visa required[19] | Holders of a multiple-entry visa issued by Canada, US or the UK is valid for at least 45 days beyond the period of intended stay in Bermuda do not require a visa for three months. Visa free for a maximum stay of three months if transiting through the United Kingdom. | |
British Indian Ocean Territory | Special permit required[189] | ||
British Virgin Islands | Visa not required[19] | 6 months for business and tourism purposes[190][191] | |
Cayman Islands | Visa required[19] | Visa free for cruise ship passengers leaving on the day of arrival.[192] Visa not required for 30 days for holders of a valid multiple-entry visa for the US, UK and/or Canada.[193] | |
Falkland Islands | Visa required[19] | ||
Gibraltar | Visa required[19] | Holders of a valid visa issued by the United Kingdom do not require a visa. Visa not required if holding a Schengen multiple entry visa with a minimum remaining validity of 7 days or visiting on a day trip as part of an organised tour arranged through a Gibraltar-based tour operator. | |
Montserrat | eVisa[19] | ||
Pitcairn Islands | Visa not required | 14 days visa free and landing fee US$35 or tax of US$5 if not going ashore.[194][195][196] | |
Saint Helena | eVisa[197][198] | ||
Ascension Island | Admission refused[199][200] | From May 2015 Ascension Island Government does not issue entry visas including eVisas to nationals of China.[201] | |
Tristan da Cunha | Permission required | Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[202] | |
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands | Permit required | Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[203][204] | |
Turks and Caicos Islands | Visa not required[19] | 90 days[205] | |
United States | |||
American Samoa | Entry permit required[19] | ||
Guam | Visa required[19] | ||
Northern Mariana Islands | Visa not required[19] | 14 days | |
Puerto Rico | Visa required[19] | ||
U.S. Virgin Islands | Visa required[19] | ||
Antarctica and adjacent islands | |||
Special permits required for Bouvet Island, British Antarctic Territory, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Argentine Antarctica, Australian Antarctic Territory, Chilean Antarctic Territory, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Peter I Island, Queen Maud Land, Ross Dependency.[206][207][208][209][210][211][212][213][214][215][216][217] |
Regions | Travel with in-lieu travel documents | Travel with Chinese passport from mainland China or overseas |
---|---|---|
Hong Kong | EEP-HKMO and endorsement required.[250] | * Transit between mainland China and a foreign third place for up to 7 days without EEP-HKMO or endorsement. * May enter for 14 or 30 days if in possession of sticker-style entry permit. |
Macau | EEP-HKMO and endorsement required.[250] | Transit between Mainland China and a foreign third place for up to 7 days without EEP-HKMO or endorsement. |
Taiwan and mainland China have been under separated governance since 1949, respectively ruled by the Government of the Republic of China and the Government of the People's Republic of China due to the Chinese Civil War. Even though neither party regards the people of the other as foreigner, movement of people between mainland China and Taiwan is subject to immigration restrictions impose by both parties, either for immigrants or visitors. Chinese Mainlanders are subject to Taiwan immigration requirements, and are also subject to Mainland exit permission requirements if they are boarding a ferry or flight directly heading to Taiwan departing from the Mainland.
Exit-related restrictions include:
Entry-related restrictions include:
Travel with in-lieu travel documents | Travel with Chinese passport from mainland China | Travel with Chinese passport from overseas |
---|---|---|
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|
|
Holders of Chinese diplomatic or official / service passports may enter the following countries without a visa.
Diplomatic passports only O - Official passports are limited to those traveling with a delegation of ministerial level or higher. Diplomatic and official / service passports |
Holders of an APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) travelling on business do not require a visa to the following countries:[254]
1 - Up to 180 days
2 - Up to 90 days
3 - Up to 90 days in a period of 180 days
4 - Up to 60 days
The card must be used in conjunction with a passport and has the following advantages:[255]
In addition to passports, Exit and Entry Permit were issued to citizens of the People's Republic of China for visiting certain land neighboring countries for trade, tourism purposes without a passport, and visa to the country of visiting and vice versa under the bilateral agreements.[256]
Such permit is issued by the police stations in the related border administrative divisions. By far, travelers from the administrative divisions that share borders with North Korea, Mongolia, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, India and Nepal could apply for the Exit-Entry Permit for crossing borders.[257]
Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[258] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.
Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[259] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[260]
Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[261][262]
Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.
However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[263][264] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[265]
Some countries, such as Japan,[266] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[267] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.
In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[268] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[269] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[270] Philippines,[271] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[272]
Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.
Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.
Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.
Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.
Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[273] and South Africa.
Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[274] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record, while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.
The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[275]
Kuwait,[276] Lebanon,[277] Libya,[278] Syria,[279] and Yemen[280] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.
To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017[update]) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]
Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.
Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[281]
Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[282][283] Argentina,[284] Brunei, Cambodia,[285] China,[286] Ethiopia,[287] Ghana, Guinea,[288] India, Japan,[289][290] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[291] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[292] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[293] Singapore, South Korea,[294] Taiwan, Thailand,[295] Uganda,[296] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.
Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[297][298][299] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[300]
Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[301] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[302][303] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[304] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[305][306]
These are the numbers of mainland Chinese visitors to various countries or territories:
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