嗽

嗽 U+55FD, 嗽 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-55FD ← 嗼 [U+55FC] CJK Unified Ideographs 嗾 → [U+55FE]

Translingual

Han character

嗽 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 口木中人 (RDLO), four-corner 6708₂, composition ⿰口欶)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 204, character 27
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4154
• Dae Jaweon: page 427, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 674, character 10
• Unihan data for U+55FD

Chinese

simp. and trad.		嗽
alternative forms		𠻳

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (束) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
涑	*sloː, *sloːɡ, *sloɡ
鏉	*sloː, *sloːɡs, *srus
摗	*sloː
駷	*sloːʔ, *sloŋʔ
嗽	*sloːɡs, *sroːɡ, *sloːɡ
瘶	*sloːɡs
欶	*sloːɡs, *sroːɡ
漱	*sloːɡs, *srus
捒	*sreːɡ, *sroɡs, *sroɡs
悚	*sloŋʔ
竦	*sloŋʔ
娕	*sʰroːɡ
梀	*sreːɡ, *sʰloːɡ, *sloːɡ, *l̥ʰoɡ
速	*sloːɡ
餗	*sloːɡ
殐	*sloːɡ
遬	*sloːɡ
蔌	*sloːɡ
樕	*sloːɡ
藗	*sloːɡ
誎	*sʰloɡ
束	*hljoɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sloːɡs, *sroːɡ, *sloːɡ): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 欶 (OC *sloːɡs, *sroːɡ).

Etymology

Note similarities to the second syllable of Burmese ချောင်းဆိုး (hkyaung:hcui:, “to cough”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sòu, shù, sù (sou⁴, shu⁴, su⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄡˋ, ㄕㄨˋ, ㄙㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sau³ / sok³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhu̍k
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sò͘ / sàu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sòu
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄡˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sòu
    • Wade–Giles: sou⁴
    • Yale: sòu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sow
    • Palladius: соу (sou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /soʊ̯⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shù
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shù
    • Wade–Giles: shu⁴
    • Yale: shù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuh
    • Palladius: шу (šu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sù
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sù
    • Wade–Giles: su⁴
    • Yale: sù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suh
    • Palladius: су (su)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /su⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
    • Jyutping: sau³ / sok³
    • Yale: sau / sok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sau³ / sok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: seo³ / sog³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐu̯³³/, /sɔːk̚³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhu̍k
    • Hakka Romanization System: cug
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cug⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuk̚⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sò͘
    • Tâi-lô: sòo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sox
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sɔ²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sàu
    • Tâi-lô: sàu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: saux
    • IPA (Taipei): /sau¹¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sau⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /sau²¹/

Note:

• sò͘ - literary;
• sàu - vernacular.

---

• Middle Chinese: suwH, suwk, sraewk

Rime
Character	嗽	嗽	嗽
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	心 (16)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)	屋 (3)	覺 (10)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	II
Fanqie	蘇奏切	桑谷切	所角切
Baxter	suwH	suwk	sraewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/səuH/	/suk̚/	/ʃˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/səuH/	/suk̚/	/ʃᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/səuH/	/suk̚/	/ʃɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/səwH/	/səwk̚/	/ʂaɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/suH/	/suk̚/	/ʃɔk̚/
Wang Li	/səuH/	/suk̚/	/ʃɔk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/sə̯uH/	/suk̚/	/ʂɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sòu	su	shuo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sau3	suk1	sok3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ˤok-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sloːɡs/, /*sroːɡ/, /*sloːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	嗽
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sòu
Middle Chinese	‹ suwH ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]ˁok-s/
English	cough
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嗽	嗽	嗽
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	11864	11878	11884
Phonetic component	束	束	束
Rime group	竇	屋	屋
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	瘶	朔	速
Old Chinese	/*sloːɡs/	/*sroːɡ/	/*sloːɡ/
Notes		同欶

Definitions

嗽

1. to cough

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 咳嗽 (“to cough”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		嗽, 欬
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		咳嗽
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	咳嗽
	Taiwan	咳嗽
	Ulanhot	咳嗽
	Tongliao	咳嗽
	Chifeng	咳嗽
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	咳嗽
	Harbin	咳嗽
	Shenyang	咳嗽
	Singapore	咳嗽
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	咳嗽
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	咳嗽
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	咳嗽
	Wanrong	咳嗽
	Zhengzhou	咳嗽
	Xi'an	咳嗽
	Xining	咳嗽
	Xuzhou	咳嗽
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	咳嗽
	Bayanhot	咳嗽
	Lanzhou	咳嗽, 咳
	Ürümqi	咳嗽
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	咳嗽
	Wuhan	咳, 咯
	Guiyang	咳嗽
	Kunming	咳嗽
	Liuzhou	咳嗽
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	咳嗽
	Yangzhou	咳, 咳嗽
	Hefei	咳嗽
	Huanggang	咳
Cantonese	Guangzhou	咳
	Hong Kong	咳
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	咳嗽
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	咳嗽
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	咳
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	咳
	Macau	咳
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	咳
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	瘕
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	咳
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	咳
	Foshan	咳
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	咳
	Foshan (Shunde)	咳
	Foshan (Sanshui)	咳
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	咳
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	咳
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	咳
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	咳
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	咳
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	咳
	Taishan	嗽
	Kaiping (Chikan)	嗽
	Enping (Niujiang)	咳, 嗽
	Heshan (Yayao)	咳
	Dongguan	咳
	Shaoguan	咳, 咳嗽
	Yunfu	咳瘕
	Yangjiang	嗽, 咳嗽
	Xinyi	咳
	Lianjiang	咳
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	咳
	Singapore (Guangfu)	咳嗽
Gan	Nanchang	咳, 咳嗽
Hakka	Meixian	咳嗽
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	咳嗽
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	咳
	Yudu	咳
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	嗽, 咳嗽
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	嗽, 咳嗽
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	嗽, 咳嗽
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	嗽, 咳嗽
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	咳, 咳嗽
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	嗽, 咳嗽
	Hong Kong	咳
	Senai (Huiyang)	咳
Huizhou	Jixi	咳嗽, 咳, 嗽
Jin	Taiyuan	咳嗽
	Xinzhou	咳嗽
	Taibus (Baochang)	咳嗽
	Linhe	咳嗽
	Jining	咳嗽
	Hohhot	咳嗽
	Baotou	咳嗽
	Dongsheng	咳嗽
	Haibowan	咳嗽
Northern Min	Jian'ou	咳嗽
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	嗽, 空嗽
	Fuzhou (Changle)	空嗽
	Fuqing	嗽
	Yongtai	空嗽
	Gutian	嗽
	Fu'an	嗽
	Ningde	嗽
	Shouning	嗽
	Zhouning	嗽
	Fuding	嗽
Southern Min	Xiamen	咁嗽, 咳嗽, 嗽
	Quanzhou	咁嗽
	Zhangzhou	咁嗽, 咳嗽
	Yilan	嗽, 咳嗽
	Penang (Hokkien)	嗽, 咳嗽, 峇啅
	Singapore (Hokkien)	咳嗽, 嗽
	Manila (Hokkien)	嗽
	Chaozhou	咳嗽
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	咳嗽
	Singapore (Teochew)	咳嗽
	Leizhou	咳嗽
	Haikou	咳嗽
	Singapore (Hainanese)	咳嗽
Puxian Min	Putian	瘕咆
	Xianyou	瘕咆
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	咳
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	咳
Wu	Shanghai	咳嗽
	Shanghai (Chongming)	咳嗽
	Suzhou	咳嗽, 咳
	Wuxi	咳嗽
	Danyang	咳嗽
	Hangzhou	嗆, 咳嗽
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	嗆, 咳嗽
	Ningbo	嗆, 嗽, 咳嗽
	Wenzhou	嗽, 咳嗽
	Jinhua	咳嗽, 咳
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	嗽
Xiang	Changsha	咳嗽, 咳
	Loudi	𠻞
	Shuangfeng	𠻞

Compounds

• 乾嗽 / 干嗽 (gānsòu)
• 冷嗽
• 呿呿嗽
• 咳嗽
• 散嗽
• 止嗽
• 歹聲嗽 / 歹声嗽
• 熱嗽 / 热嗽
• 痚呴嗽
• 百日嗽
• 硩嗽
• 聲嗽 / 声嗽

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 嗽

嗽

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: す (su)、そく (soku)
• Kan-on: そう (sō)、そく (soku)
• Kun: うがい (ugai, 嗽)、すすぐ (susugu, 嗽ぐ)、くちすすぐ (kuchisusugu, 嗽ぐ)、ゆすぐ (yusugu, 嗽ぐ)、せき (seki, 嗽)

Noun

嗽(うがい) • (ugai) ^{←うがひ (ugafi)?}

1. gargling

Verb

嗽(うがい)する • (ugai suru) ^{←うがひ (ugafi)?}suru (stem 嗽(うがい)し (ugai shi), past 嗽(うがい)した (ugai shita))

1. gargle

Conjugation

Conjugation of "嗽する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	嗽し	うがいし	ugai shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	嗽し	うがいし	ugai shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	嗽する	うがいする	ugai suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	嗽する	うがいする	ugai suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	嗽すれ	うがいすれ	ugai sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	嗽せよ¹ 嗽しろ²	うがいせよ¹ うがいしろ²	ugai seyo¹ ugai shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	嗽される	うがいされる	ugai sareru
Causative	嗽させる 嗽さす	うがいさせる うがいさす	ugai saseru ugai sasu
Potential	嗽できる	うがいできる	ugai dekiru
Volitional	嗽しよう	うがいしよう	ugai shiyō
Negative	嗽しない	うがいしない	ugai shinai
Negative continuative	嗽せず	うがいせず	ugai sezu
Formal	嗽します	うがいします	ugai shimasu
Perfective	嗽した	うがいした	ugai shita
Conjunctive	嗽して	うがいして	ugai shite
Hypothetical conditional	嗽すれば	うがいすれば	ugai sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

• “^▲嗽”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

Korean

Hanja

嗽 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

嗽: Hán Nôm readings: sấu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation