洵

洵 U+6D35, 洵 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D35 ← 洴 [U+6D34] CJK Unified Ideographs 洶 → [U+6D36]

Translingual

Han character

洵 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水心日 (EPA), four-corner 3712₀, composition ⿰氵旬)

Derived characters

• 𦴥

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 622, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17416
• Dae Jaweon: page 1018, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1613, character 5
• Unihan data for U+6D35

Chinese

simp. and trad.		洵

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 洵
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (匀) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
枃	*skins
笉	*skʰinʔ
郇	*ɡʷreːn, *sqʰʷin
絢	*qʰʷiːns
眴	*qʰʷiːns, *ɡʷiːns, *sqʰʷin, *qʰʷjins, *ŋʷjin
盷	*ɡʷiːn
訇	*ɡʷiːn, *qʰʷreːŋ
迿	*ɡʷiːns, *sqʰʷins
姰	*ɡʷiːns, *sqʰʷin
畇	*l'iːŋ, *sqʰʷin, *sɢʷin, *ɢʷin
荀	*sqʰʷin
詢	*sqʰʷin
洵	*sqʰʷin, *sɢʷin
恂	*sqʰʷin
峋	*sqʰʷin
珣	*sqʰʷin
槆	*sqʰʷin
筍	*sqʰʷinʔ
箰	*sqʰʷinʔ
旬	*sɢʷin
殉	*sɢʷins
徇	*sɢʷins
侚	*sɢʷins
均	*kʷin
鈞	*kʷin
袀	*kʷin
汮	*kʷin, *kʷrin
呁	*kʷins
筠	*ɡʷin
荺	*ɢʷin, *ɡʷinʔ
匀	*ɢʷin
韵	*ɢʷins
輷	*qʰʷreːŋ, *qʰʷreːŋs
揈	*qʰʷreːŋ
鍧	*qʰʷreːŋ
渹	*qʰʷreːŋ
赹	*ɡʷeŋ
憌	*ɡʷeŋ
惸	*ɡʷeŋ
咰	*sqʰʷrid

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sqʰʷin, *sɢʷin): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 旬 (OC *sɢʷin)

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xún (xun²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): seon¹
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): song¹ / suong¹ / song² / suong²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xún
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syún
    • Wade–Giles: hsün²
    • Yale: syún
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyun
    • Palladius: сюнь (sjunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕyn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: seon¹
    • Yale: sēun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soen¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sên¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵn⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: song¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: seong
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬɔŋ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: suong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬuoŋ⁵⁴⁴/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: song²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: seóng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬɔŋ¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: suong²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬuoŋ²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: swin

Rime
Character	洵
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	相倫切
Baxter	swin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siuɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/sʷin/
Shao Rongfen	/sjuen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/swin/
Li Rong	/siuĕn/
Wang Li	/sĭuĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/si̯uĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	seon1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sqʰʷin/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	洵
Reading #	1/2
No.	16384
Phonetic component	匀
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	荀
Old Chinese	/*sqʰʷin/

Definitions

洵

1. (literary) truly; indeed

   • 豈無居人、不如叔也、洵美且仁。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     岂无居人、不如叔也、洵美且仁。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Qǐ wú jūrén, bùrú shū yě, xún měi qiě rén. [Pinyin]

     Are there indeed no inhabitants?
     [But] they are not like Shu,
     Who is truly admirable and kind.

2. An ancient river now in what is now Taiyuan, Shanxi.
3. An ancient river entering the Han River in Xunyang County, Shaanxi.
4. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 泫 (xuàn, “shedding tears”)

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xún (xun²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄣˊ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xún
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syún
    • Wade–Giles: hsün²
    • Yale: syún
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyun
    • Palladius: сюнь (sjunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕyn³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: zwin

Rime
Character	洵
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	詳遵切
Baxter	zwin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ziuɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/zʷin/
Shao Rongfen	/zjuen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/zwin/
Li Rong	/ziuĕn/
Wang Li	/zĭuĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/zi̯uĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xún
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ceon4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sɢʷin/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	洵
Reading #	2/2
No.	16396
Phonetic component	匀
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	旬
Old Chinese	/*sɢʷin/

Definitions

洵

1. (historical dictionaries only) Defined in historical dictionaries as 均.
2. (historical dictionaries only) Defined in historical dictionaries as 堪.

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xuàn (xuan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hyun³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xuàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syuàn
    • Wade–Giles: hsüan⁴
    • Yale: sywàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuann
    • Palladius: сюань (sjuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hyun³
    • Yale: hyun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hyn³
    • Guangdong Romanization: hün³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hyːn³³/

Definitions

洵

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 敻 (“far; faraway”)

References

• “洵”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “洵”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 272.

Japanese

Kanji

洵

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: しゅん (shun)、じゅん (jun)
• Kan-on: しゅん (shun)
• Kun: まことに (makotoni)

Korean

Hanja

洵 • (sun, hyeon) (hangeul 순, 현, revised sun, hyeon, McCune–Reischauer sun, hyŏn, Yale swun, hyen)

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Vietnamese

Han character

洵: Hán Nôm readings: toang, tuân

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation