砸

砸 U+7838, 砸 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7838 ← 砷 [U+7837] CJK Unified Ideographs 砹 → [U+7839]

Translingual

Han character

砸 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一口尸中月 (MRSLB), four-corner 1161₂, composition ⿰石匝)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 829, character 33
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24143
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2422, character 11
• Unihan data for U+7838

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (帀) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
帀	*ʔsuːb
沞	*ʔsuːb
魳	*ʔsuːb
迊	*ʔsuːb
匝	*ʔsuːb
咂	*ʔsuːb
韴	*zuːb
砸	*zaːd

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		砸

“to sew with a sewing machine”

When sewing with a sewing machine, it looks as if it is bashing the cloth.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zá (za²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄚˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zang²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zaap³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chap

  (Meixian, Guangdong): sab⁵

• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zah⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chap / chà
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁸zaq

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zá
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄚˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zá
    • Wade–Giles: tsa²
    • Yale: dzá
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzar
    • Palladius: цза (cza)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sä³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: zang²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saŋ²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
    • Jyutping: zaap³
    • Yale: jaap
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzaap⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: zab³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saːp̚³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chap
    • Hakka Romanization System: zab^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zab⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sap̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: sab⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /sap̚¹/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zah⁶
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cah
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saʔ²¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zah⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saʔ²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chap
    • Tâi-lô: tsap
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zab
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sap̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sap̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chà
    • Tâi-lô: tsà
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zax
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sa²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sa⁴¹/

Note: chap - literary, chà - vernacular (俗).

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁸zaq
    • MiniDict: zah^入
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵zaq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zaʔ¹²/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*zaːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	砸
Reading #	1/1
No.	16483
Phonetic component	帀
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	巀
Old Chinese	/*zaːd/
Notes	手冊作㩵今字

Definitions

砸

1. (of falling objects) to crush; to smash
2. to bash; to smash

   • 我們村莊上的人商量著還要拿榔頭砸他呢。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
     我们村庄上的人商量著还要拿榔头砸他呢。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

     From: Cao Xueqin, Dream of the Red Chamber, mid-18^th century CE

     Wǒmen cūnzhuāng shàng de rén shāngliàng zhù hái yào ná lángtou zá tā ne. [Pinyin]

     People in my village were discussing smashing him with a hammer.

3. to break; to destroy

   杯子砸了  ―  bēizǐ zá le  ―  the cup is broken

   • 周秀花：龐四奶奶也未必敢砸茶館！ [MSC, trad.]
     周秀花：庞四奶奶也未必敢砸茶馆！ [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1957, Lao She, 茶館（第三幕）

     Zhōu Xiùhuā: páng sì nǎinǎi yě wèibì gǎn zá cháguǎn! [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

4. to throw; to toss

   砸雞蛋／砸鸡蛋  ―  zá jīdàn  ―  to throw eggs

5. (dialectal Mandarin) to sew with a sewing machine
6. (colloquial) to flop; to fail; to fall through

   考砸了  ―  kǎo zá le  ―  to have failed a test

7. to spend a lot of money
   • 2024 August 13, 顏敏翔, “到巴黎不只拿奧運金牌！杜蘭特砸數百萬成巴黎聖日耳曼股東”, in TVBS新聞網‎, Yahoo 奇摩運動 republished edition, archived from the original on 13 August 2024:

     杜蘭特砸數百萬成巴黎聖日耳曼股東 [MSC, trad.]
     杜兰特砸数百万成巴黎圣日耳曼股东 [MSC, simp.]

     Dùlántè zá shù bǎi wàn chéng Bālí Shèng Rì'ěrmàn gǔdōng [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Synonyms

• (to sew with a sewing machine): 車／车 (chē)
• (to fail):

edit

• 失利 (shīlì)
• 失敗 / 失败 (shībài)
• 挫折 (cuòzhé)
• 摧折 (cuīzhé)
• 未成功 (wèi chénggōng)
• 破產 / 破产 (pòchǎn)
• 跌倒 (diēdǎo)

Compounds

• 唉唉砸砸
• 搞砸 (gǎozá)
• 搬磚砸腳 / 搬砖砸脚
• 摔打砸拉
• 砸了
• 砸傷 / 砸伤 (záshāng)
• 砸兌 / 砸兑
• 砸壞 / 砸坏
• 砸招牌
• 砸明火
• 砸毀 / 砸毁 (záhuǐ)
• 砸爛 / 砸烂 (zálàn)
• 砸破
• 砸磳
• 砸身
• 砸鍋 / 砸锅 (záguō)
• 砸鍋賣鐵 / 砸锅卖铁 (záguōmàitiě)
• 砸飯碗 / 砸饭碗 (záfànwǎn)

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		砸
alternative forms		責／责

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zaak⁶ / zaak³

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
    • Jyutping: zaak⁶ / zaak³
    • Yale: jaahk / jaak
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzaak⁹ / dzaak⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: zag⁶ / zag³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saːk̚²/, /t͡saːk̚³/

Definitions

砸

1. (Cantonese) alternative form of 矺 (“to press down on; to weigh down”)

Compounds

• 一個招牌砸落嚟 / 一个招牌砸落嚟 (Cantonese)
• 大石砸死蟹 (daai⁶ sek⁶ zaak³ sei² haai⁵) (Cantonese)
• 畀鬼砸 (Cantonese)
• 砸嚫 / 砸𰈍 (Cantonese)
• 砸年 (Cantonese)
• 砸數 / 砸数 (zaak⁶ sou³) (Cantonese)
• 砸界 (Cantonese)
• 砸袋 (Cantonese)

References

• “砸”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “砸”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 297.

Vietnamese

Han character

砸: Hán Nôm readings: táp, tặp

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.