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竊
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: 窃
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Translingual
Han character
竊 (Kangxi radical 116, 穴+17, 22 strokes, cangjie input 十金竹木月 (JCHDB), four-corner 30927, composition ⿱穴⿰釆⿳⺊𠔿禸)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 870, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25713
- Dae Jaweon: page 1299, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2747, character 7
- Unihan data for U+7ACA
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Chinese
Glyph origin
In the Warring States period, the character existed in the forms 𢿑 and 𱡡; the latter of which is likely the ancestor of the modern form, a Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰleːd): 米 (“rice”) + 攴 (“action”) + phonetic 禼 (OC *sed) – theft.
In the western Han the component 宀 (“building”) was added to emphasize the meaning of theft. The component 禼 (OC *sed) would often be written as 萬 (OC *mlans) due to their graphic and phonetic similarity.
In eastern Han seal script, 宀 had corrupted into 穴. This form also included a 廿 subcomponent, which is likely a corruption of the upper part of 萬, while the lower part corrupted back into the original phonetic component 禼 (OC *sed). Shuowen regards 廿 as the phonetic component, although that is not etymologically accurate.
In the modern form, 米 has corrupted into 釆, and the 廿 from seal script is omitted.
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): sit3
- Eastern Min (BUC): chiék
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: qiè
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ciè
- Wade–Giles: chʻieh4
- Yale: chyè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chieh
- Palladius: це (ce)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: sit3
- Yale: sit
- Cantonese Pinyin: sit8
- Guangdong Romanization: xid3
- Sinological IPA (key): /siːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chiék
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiɛʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
Note:
- chhiat - literary;
- chhiap - vernacular (俗).
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ciab4 / ciag4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiap / tshiak
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiap̚²/, /t͡sʰiak̚²/
- (Teochew)
- ciab4 - Chaozhou;
- ciag4 - Shantou.
Note:
- Middle Chinese: tshet
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤet/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰleːd/
Definitions
竊
- to steal
- thief
- to acquire illegitimately; to usurp
- secretly; stealthily
- (literary, humble) personally
- 臣竊計，君宮中積珍寶，狗馬實外廄，美人充下陳。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
- From: Zhanguo Ce, circa 5th – 3rd centuries BCE
- Chén qiè jì, jūn gōng zhōng jī zhēn bǎo, gǒu mǎ shí wài jiù, měirén chōng xiàzhèn. [Pinyin]
- I took the liberty to make an assessment and saw that the palace of our lord was piled full of precious things and treasures, with dogs and horses filling the outside stable and beautiful women filling the front hall.
臣窃计，君宫中积珍宝，狗马实外厩，美人充下陈。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
Synonyms
- (to steal):
Compounds
- 仰屋竊歎 / 仰屋窃叹
- 偷世竊名 / 偷世窃名
- 偷目竊望 / 偷目窃望 (tōumùqièwàng)
- 偷竊 / 偷窃 (tōuqiè)
- 偷香竊玉 / 偷香窃玉 (tōuxiāngqièyù)
- 僭竊 / 僭窃
- 剽竊 / 剽窃 (piāoqiè)
- 勦竊 / 剿窃
- 叨竊 / 叨窃
- 失竊 / 失窃 (shīqiè)
- 小竊 / 小窃
- 忝竊 / 忝窃
- 慣竊 / 惯窃 (guànqiè)
- 扒竊 / 扒窃 (páqiè)
- 暗自竊喜 / 暗自窃喜
- 狗偷鼠竊 / 狗偷鼠窃
- 狗盜鼠竊 / 狗盗鼠窃
- 狼貪鼠竊 / 狼贪鼠窃
- 疑人竊鈇 / 疑人窃𫓧
- 盜竊 / 盗窃 (dàoqiè)
- 竊位 / 窃位
- 竊位素餐 / 窃位素餐
- 竊匪 / 窃匪
- 竊占
- 竊占罪
- 竊取 / 窃取 (qièqǔ)
- 竊喜 / 窃喜 (qièxǐ)
- 竊國 / 窃国 (qièguó)
- 竊奪 / 窃夺
- 竊嫌 / 窃嫌
- 竊密 / 窃密 (qièmì)
- 竊幸乘寵 / 窃幸乘宠
- 竊弄 / 窃弄
- 竊弄威權 / 窃弄威权
- 竊據 / 窃据 (qièjù)
- 竊案 / 窃案 (qiè'àn)
- 竊犯 / 窃犯
- 竊玉 / 窃玉
- 竊玉偷香 / 窃玉偷香
- 竊用 / 窃用
- 竊疾 / 窃疾
- 竊盜 / 窃盗 (qièdào, “burglar”)
- 竊盜險 / 窃盗险
- 竊視 / 窃视 (qièshì)
- 竊窺 / 窃窥
- 竊竊 / 窃窃 (qièqiè)
- 竊竊私語 / 窃窃私语 (qièqièsīyǔ)
- 竊竊私議 / 窃窃私议
- 竊竊細語 / 窃窃细语
- 竊笑 / 窃笑 (qièxiào)
- 竊簪之臣 / 窃簪之臣
- 竊聽 / 窃听 (qiètīng)
- 竊聽器 / 窃听器 (qiètīngqì)
- 竊號 / 窃号
- 竊賊 / 窃贼 (qièzéi)
- 竊鉤竊國 / 窃钩窃国
- 竊鐘掩耳 / 窃钟掩耳
- 篡竊 / 篡窃
- 草竊 / 草窃
- 行竊 / 行窃 (xíngqiè)
- 詭銜竊轡 / 诡衔窃辔
- 貪權竊柄 / 贪权窃柄
- 鼠竊 / 鼠窃
- 鼠竊狗偷 / 鼠窃狗偷
- 鼠竊狗盜 / 鼠窃狗盗
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhia̍p
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhia̍p
- Tâi-lô: tshia̍p
- Phofsit Daibuun: chiap
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiap̚⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiap̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
Definitions
竊
- (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) seventy (used with numbers from 71 to 79)
Synonyms
- 七十 (qīshí)
Compounds
References
- “竊”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
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Japanese
| 窃 | |
| 竊 |
Kanji
竊
(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 窃)
Readings
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 竊 (MC tshet).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean 쳐ᇙ〮 (Yale: chyélq) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 졀〮 (cyél) (Yale: cyél) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕʌ̹ɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [절]
Hanja
竊 (eumhun 훔칠 절 (humchil jeol))
Compounds
References
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Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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