鞠

鞠 U+97A0, 鞠 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-97A0 ← 鞟 [U+979F] CJK Unified Ideographs 鞡 → [U+97A1]

Translingual

Han character

鞠 (Kangxi radical 177, 革+8, 17 strokes, cangjie input 廿十心火木 (TJPFD), four-corner 4752₀, composition ⿰革匊)

Derived characters

• 驧, 巈, 蘜, 𥷥, 𠮑, 𡖁

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1389, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42892
• Dae Jaweon: page 1903, character 31
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4340, character 1
• Unihan data for U+97A0

Chinese

trad.		鞠
simp. #		鞠
2nd round simp.		匊
alternative forms		毩 ancient

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 鞠
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (匊) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
菊	*kuɡ
鞠	*kuɡ, *kʰuɡ, *ɡuɡ
掬	*kluɡ
匊	*kluɡ
鵴	*kuɡ, *ɡuɡ
椈	*kuɡ
諊	*kuɡ
踘	*kuɡ, *ɡuɡ
趜	*kuɡ, *ɡuɡ
蘜	*kuɡ
鞫	*kuɡ
巈	*kuɡ
麴	*kʰuɡ
毱	*ɡuɡ
驧	*ɡuɡ

A phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声) composed of phonetic ⿰革勹 + semantic 米. An earlier written form of 麴 (“starter with brewer's yeast”) (Zhao, 2002).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jū, jú

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩ, ㄐㄩˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): guk¹
• Gan (Wiktionary): jiuh⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiuk
• Northern Min (KCR): kṳ̆
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kiok

  (Teochew, Peng'im): giog⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jū
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jyu
    • Wade–Giles: chü¹
    • Yale: jyū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiu
    • Palladius: цзюй (czjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jú
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jyú
    • Wade–Giles: chü²
    • Yale: jyú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyu
    • Palladius: цзюй (czjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: guk¹
    • Yale: gūk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: guk⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: gug¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊk̚⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: jiuh⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiuʔ⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiuk
    • Hakka Romanization System: kiug^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kiug⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯uk̚²/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kṳ̆
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰy²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiok
    • Tâi-lô: kiok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiog
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kiɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kiɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɔk̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: giog⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiok
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiok̚²/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 鞠
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕy²¹/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕy²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕy²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕy²¹/
	Xining	/t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕy¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕy²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕy²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕy³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕiu²¹/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕiu³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕyʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕyəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕyəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕyʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕyəʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕioʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕyɪʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕioʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡sz̩ʷəʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕɤu²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕiuʔ²¹/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕiu⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕy²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕy²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕiuʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰiuk̚¹/
	Taoyuan	/kʰiuk̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kok̚⁵/
	Nanning	/kuk̚⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kuk̚⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/kiɔk̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/køyʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/kʰy²⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/kiok̚²/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/kok̚⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: kjuwk, khjuwk, gjuwk

Rime
Character	鞠	鞠	鞠
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	溪 (29)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)	屋 (4)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	居六切	驅匊切	渠竹切
Baxter	kjuwk	khjuwk	gjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨuk̚/	/kʰɨuk̚/	/ɡɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kiuk̚/	/kʰiuk̚/	/ɡiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kiuk̚/	/kʰiuk̚/	/ɡiuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kuwk̚/	/kʰuwk̚/	/guwk̚/
Li Rong	/kiuk̚/	/kʰiuk̚/	/ɡiuk̚/
Wang Li	/kĭuk̚/	/kʰĭuk̚/	/ɡĭuk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ki̯uk̚/	/kʰi̯uk̚/	/gi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ju	qu	jú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	guk1	huk1	guk6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kuɡ/, /*kʰuɡ/, /*ɡuɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鞠	鞠	鞠
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	7006	7018	7021
Phonetic component	匊	匊	匊
Rime group	覺	覺	覺
Rime subdivision	1	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	菊	麴	驧
Old Chinese	/*kuɡ/	/*kʰuɡ/	/*ɡuɡ/
Notes			後世變毬

Definitions

鞠

1. (historical) leather ball used in games
2. to bend; to curve
3. to bow
4. bow
5. to rear; to raise; to nourish
6. young; childish
7. to warn; to admonish
8. alternative form of 鞫 (jū, “to interrogate; to exhaust”)
9. alternative form of 菊 (jú, “chrysanthemum”)
10. a surname

Compounds

• 三鞠躬
• 乞鞠
• 撫摩鞠育 / 抚摩鞠育
• 擊鞠 / 击鞠
• 盡瘁鞠躬 / 尽瘁鞠躬
• 踢鞠
• 蹋鞠
• 蹴鞠 (cùjū)
• 陳師鞠旅 / 陈师鞠旅
• 雞鞠 / 鸡鞠
• 鞠場 / 鞠场
• 鞠子
• 鞠旅
• 鞠育
• 鞠躬 (jūgōng)
• 鞠躬盡瘁 / 鞠躬尽瘁 (jūgōngjìncuì)
• 鞠部
• 鞠部頭 / 鞠部头
• 鞠養 / 鞠养 (jūyǎng)

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qū, qú

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩ, ㄑㄩˊ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qū
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄩ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cyu
    • Wade–Giles: chʻü¹
    • Yale: chyū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiu
    • Palladius: цюй (cjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qú
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄩˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cyú
    • Wade–Giles: chʻü²
    • Yale: chyú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyu
    • Palladius: цюй (cjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy³⁵/

Definitions

鞠

1. Ancient form of 麴 / 曲 (“starter with brewer's yeast”)

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 鞠

鞠

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. ball

Readings

• Go-on: きく (kiku)、ぎく (giku)
• Kan-on: きく (kiku)
• Kun: まり (mari, 鞠)

Korean

Hanja

鞠 • (guk) (hangeul 국, revised guk, McCune–Reischauer kuk, Yale kwuk)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鞠: Hán Nôm readings: cúc

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.