acha

See also: achá, āchà, āchā, and -acha

English

Etymology

From Hausa acca.

Noun

acha (uncountable)

1. fonio, esp. Digitaria exilis (white fonio) (a cereal cultivated in western Africa)

Synonyms

• fonio

Further reading

• Digitaria exilis on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
• Category:Digitaria exilis on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
• acha at USDA Plants database

Anagrams

• Aach

Galician

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈat͡ʃa/ [ˈa̠.t͡ʃɐ]
• Rhymes: -atʃa
• Hyphenation: a‧cha

Etymology 1

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese acha (Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin ascla, from Latin assula. Cognate with Portuguese acha.

Noun

acha f (plural achas)

1. chip, sliver, splinter

   Synonyms: cavaco, estela, racho

   • 1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 613:

     Et alí ueeriades muytos ferros de muytas lanças agudas entrar per peytos et per adágaras et per uentres, et muytas lanças caer en achas et en tranções, et muytos escudos quebrantados, et moytas lorigas rrotas et desmalladas, et muytas espadas banadas en sange

     And you would have seen there many irons and many spears to enter in breasts and shields and bellies, and many spears to fell broken in chips and splinters, and many shields smashed down, and many coats broken and unmailed, and many swords bathed in blood

   • 1555, Hernán Núñez, Refranes o proverbios en romance:

     A acha tira pra racha (proverb)

     a chip off the old block

2. billet (piece of wood used as firewood)

   Synonym: racha

Related terms

• estela
• racha
• rachar

References

• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “acha”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “acha” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “acha”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “acha”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “acha”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Etymology 2

Verb

acha

1. inflection of achar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Morelos Nahuatl

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish hacha, from French hache, from Frankish [Term?].

Noun

acha

1. axe

References

• Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C. (2005), Pequeño diccionario ilustrado: Náhuatl de Cuentepec, Morelos‎, segunda edición edition, Tlalpan, D.F., México: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., published 2006, page 22

Occitan

Noun

acha f (plural achas)

1. aitch (the letter h, H)

Polish

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Polish aha.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aˈxa/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: a‧cha

Interjection

acha

1. alternative spelling of aha

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈa.xa/
• Rhymes: -axa
• Syllabification: a‧cha

Verb

acha

1. third-person singular present of achać

Further reading

• acha in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ʃɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ʃɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ʃa/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ʃɐ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ʃɐ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈa.t͡ʃɐ/

• Audio (Portugal (Porto)):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aʃɐ
• Hyphenation: a‧cha

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese acha, from Late Latin ascla (“sliver”), from Latin astula.

Noun

acha f (plural achas)

1. billet (piece of wood used as firewood)

   Synonyms: cavaco, estilha, lenha

Etymology 2

From Old Galician-Portuguese acha, from Old French hache (“battle-axe”), from Frankish.

Noun

acha f (plural achas)

1. battle-axe (axe for use in battle)

See also

• machado

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

acha

1. inflection of achar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “acha”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
• “acha”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

Swahili

FWOTD – 25 October 2019

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-dáca.

Pronunciation

• (Unguja standard) IPA^(key): /ˈɑ.tʃɑ/

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-acha (infinitive kuacha)

1. to leave
   • 1975, Taarifa ya mwaka ya Tume ya Kudumu ya Uchunguzi‎, page 37:

     Aliacha milango ya chumba chake imefungwa kwa kufuli lililo madhubuti.

     He left the door to his room closed with a secure padlock.

2. to stop, cease, quit
3. to allow

Conjugation

Conjugation of -acha
Positive present -naacha Subjunctive -ache Negative -achi Imperative singular acha wacha
Infinitives
Positive kuacha Negative kutoacha
Imperatives
Singular acha wacha Plural acheni wacheni
Tensed forms
Habitual huacha Positive past positive subject concord + -liacha Negative past negative subject concord + -kuacha
Positive present (positive subject concord + -naacha) Singular Plural 1st person ninaacha/naacha tunaacha 2nd person unaacha mnaacha 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anaacha wanaacha other classes positive subject concord + -naacha
Negative present (negative subject concord + -achi) Singular Plural 1st person siachi hatuachi 2nd person huachi hamwachi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) haachi hawaachi other classes negative subject concord + -achi
Positive future positive subject concord + -taacha Negative future negative subject concord + -taacha
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -ache) Singular Plural 1st person niache tuache 2nd person uache mwache 3rd person m-wa(I/II) aache waache other classes positive subject concord + -ache
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -siache Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeacha Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeacha Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaliacha Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaliacha
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aacha) Singular Plural 1st person naacha twaacha 2nd person waacha mwaacha 3rd person m-wa(I/II) aacha waacha m-mi(III/IV) waacha yaacha ji-ma(V/VI) laacha yaacha ki-vi(VII/VIII) chaacha vyaacha n(IX/X) yaacha zaacha u(XI) waacha see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwaacha pa(XVI) paacha mu(XVIII) mwaacha
Perfect positive subject concord + -meacha "Already" positive subject concord + -meshaacha "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jaacha "If/When" positive subject concord + -kiacha "If not" positive subject concord + -sipoacha Consecutive kaacha / positive subject concord + -kaacha Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kaache
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -niacha -tuacha 2nd person -kuacha -waacha/-kuacheni/-waacheni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mwacha -waacha m-mi(III/IV) -uacha -iacha ji-ma(V/VI) -liacha -yaacha ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kiacha -viacha n(IX/X) -iacha -ziacha u(XI) -uacha see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuacha pa(XVI) -paacha mu(XVIII) -muacha Reflexive -jiacha
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -acha- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -achaye -achao m-mi(III/IV) -achao -achayo ji-ma(V/VI) -achalo -achayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -achacho -achavyo n(IX/X) -achayo -achazo u(XI) -achao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -achako pa(XVI) -achapo mu(XVIII) -achamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -acha) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yeacha -oacha m-mi(III/IV) -oacha -yoacha ji-ma(V/VI) -loacha -yoacha ki-vi(VII/VIII) -choacha -vyoacha n(IX/X) -yoacha -zoacha u(XI) -oacha see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -koacha pa(XVI) -poacha mu(XVIII) -moacha
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -achia
  • Causative: -achisha
  • Passive: -achwa
  • Reciprocal: -achana
  • Stative: -achika
  • Other formations: -achilia

Further reading

• acha in Swahili Oxford Living Dictionaries, Oxford University Press

Welsh

Etymology

From ar (“on”) +‎ uchaf (“highest, top”).

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈaχa/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈa(ː)χa/

Preposition

acha

1. (South Wales, colloquial) on

   Synonyms: ar, ar gefn

   • 2016, David Thorne, chapter 70, in Gafael mewn Gramadeg, Caerfyrddin: Y Coleg Cymraeg Cenedlaethol, page 197:

     Mae e wedi mynd acha beic

     He's gone on a bike

2. (South Wales, colloquial) with (denoting an instrument)

   Synonyms: â, efo, gyda

   • 2016, David Thorne, chapter 70, in Gafael mewn Gramadeg, Caerfyrddin: Y Coleg Cymraeg Cenedlaethol, page 197:

     Bydd e'n hollti'r coed acha bwyell

     He'll split the wood with an axe

Usage notes

• Acha is used with indefinite nouns. The equivalent for definite nouns when it means "on" is ar.

References

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “acha”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Western Apache

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish hacha.

Noun

acha

1. axe

Zacatlán-Ahuacatlán-Tepetzintla Nahuatl

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish hacha, from French hache, from Frankish [Term?].

Noun

acha

1. axe

References

• Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C. (2006), Pequeño diccionario ilustrado: Náhuatl de los municipios de Zacatlán, Tepetzintla y Ahuacatlán‎, segunda edición edition, Tlalpan, D.F. México: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 22