afrontar

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *affrontāre, from Latin ad frontem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ə.fɾunˈta]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ə.fɾonˈta]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [a.fɾonˈtaɾ]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

afrontar (first-person singular present afronto, first-person singular preterite afrontí, past participle afrontat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /o/

1. (transitive) to face, to confront

   Synonym: fer front

Conjugation

    Conjugation of afrontar (first conjugation)

infinitive			afrontar
gerund			afrontant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		afrontat		afrontada
		plural		afrontats		afrontades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	afronto	afrontes	afronta	afrontem	afronteu	afronten
	imperfect	afrontava	afrontaves	afrontava	afrontàvem	afrontàveu	afrontaven
	future	afrontaré	afrontaràs	afrontarà	afrontarem	afrontareu	afrontaran
	preterite	afrontí	afrontares	afrontà	afrontàrem	afrontàreu	afrontaren
	conditional	afrontaria	afrontaries	afrontaria	afrontaríem	afrontaríeu	afrontarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	afronti	afrontis	afronti	afrontem	afronteu	afrontin
	imperfect	afrontés	afrontessis	afrontés	afrontéssim	afrontéssiu	afrontessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	afronta	afronti	afrontem	afronteu	afrontin
	negative (no)	—	no afrontis	no afronti	no afrontem	no afronteu	no afrontin

Related terms

• afront
• front

Further reading

• “afrontar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• “afrontar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
• “afrontar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “afrontar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese afrontar, from a Vulgar Latin *affrontāre, from Latin ad frontem. Equivalent to a- +‎ fronte +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [afɾonˈtaɾ]

Verb

afrontar (first-person singular present afronto, first-person singular preterite afrontei, past participle afrontado)

1. (transitive) to face, confront

   Synonyms: arrostrar, encarar

2. (transitive) to abuse, insult

   Synonyms: deostar, insultar

3. (pronominal) to take offense

   Synonyms: anoxar, ofender

   • 1697, José Gil Taboada, Grande loita de luceiros:

     Señora may (os luceyros
     Din) vostede s'afrontou
     Sen causa, porque esta loyta
     Ll'a de dar mais relumbros.

     Lady mother -the luminaries
     Say- your grace took offense
     With no motive, because this fight
     Will give you more shine

4. (pronominal) to suffocate

   Synonyms: acorar, afogar, atafegar

5. (intransitive) to gasp, to pant

   Synonyms: ampear, arfar, inar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of afrontar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	afrontar
Personal	afrontar	afrontares	afrontar	afrontarmos	afrontardes	afrontaren
Gerund
	afrontando
Past participle
Masculine	afrontado			afrontados
Feminine	afrontada			afrontadas
Indicative
Present	afronto	afrontas	afronta	afrontamos	afrontades	afrontan
Imperfect	afrontaba	afrontabas	afrontaba	afrontabamos	afrontabades	afrontaban
Preterite	afrontei	afrontaches	afrontou	afrontamos	afrontastes	afrontaron
Pluperfect	afrontara	afrontaras	afrontara	afrontaramos	afrontarades	afrontaran
Future	afrontarei	afrontarás	afrontará	afrontaremos	afrontaredes	afrontarán
Conditional	afrontaría	afrontarías	afrontaría	afrontariamos	afrontariades	afrontarían
Subjunctive
Present	afronte	afrontes	afronte	afrontemos	afrontedes	afronten
Imperfect	afrontase	afrontases	afrontase	afrontásemos	afrontásedes	afrontasen
Future	afrontar	afrontares	afrontar	afrontarmos	afrontardes	afrontaren
Imperative
Affirmative		afronta	afronte	afrontemos	afrontade	afronten
Negative (non)		non afrontes	non afronte	non afrontemos	non afrontedes	non afronten

    Reintegrated conjugation of afrontar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	afrontar
Personal	afrontar	afrontares	afrontar	afrontarmos	afrontardes	afrontarem
Gerund
	afrontando
Past participle
Masculine	afrontado			afrontados
Feminine	afrontada			afrontadas
Indicative
Present	afronto	afrontas	afronta	afrontamos	afrontades, afrontais	afrontam
Imperfect	afrontava	afrontavas	afrontava	afrontávamos	afrontávades, afrontáveis, afrontávais1	afrontavam
Preterite	afrontei	afrontaste, afrontache1	afrontou	afrontamos	afrontastes	afrontárom, afrontaram
Pluperfect	afrontara	afrontaras	afrontara	afrontáramos	afrontárades, afrontáreis, afrontárais1	afrontaram
Future	afrontarei	afrontarás	afrontará	afrontaremos	afrontaredes, afrontareis	afrontarám, afrontarão
Conditional	afrontaria	afrontarias	afrontaria	afrontaríamos	afrontaríades, afrontaríeis, afrontaríais1	afrontariam
Subjunctive
Present	afronte	afrontes	afronte	afrontemos	afrontedes, afronteis	afrontem
Imperfect	afrontasse	afrontasses	afrontasse	afrontássemos	afrontássedes, afrontásseis	afrontassem
Future	afrontar	afrontares	afrontar	afrontarmos	afrontardes	afrontarem
Imperative
Affirmative		afronta	afronte	afrontemos	afrontade, afrontai	afrontem
Negative (nom)		nom afrontes	nom afronte	nom afrontemos	nom afrontedes, nom afronteis	nom afrontem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• afronta

References

• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “afrontar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “afront”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “afrontar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “afrontar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “afrontar”, in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (in Galician), 2014–2025
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “afrontar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN