Platino

Ang platino^[4][5] o platinum^[4][5] (Espanyol: platino, Ingles: platinum,daglat o sagisag = Pt) ay isang uri ng mala-pilak na elementong may mga katangiang maaaring mabatak, mapukpok, at hindi kinakalawang. Kalimitan itong ginagamit para sa paggawa ng mga kasangkapang elektroniko, mga alahas, at mga pampasta para sa mga ngiping may sira o bukbok. Natuklasan ito ni Antonio de Ulloa, kasama si Jorge Juan y Santacilia noong 1735. Kabilang sa mga katangian nito ang pagkakaroon ng atomikong bilang na 78, ng pamantayang atomikong timbang na 195.09, antas o degri ng pagkatunaw na 1,769^oC, antas o degri ng pagkulo 3,827^oC, at tiyak na kalubhaan (tiyak na dagsin o espesipikong grabedad) na 21.45.

Huwag itong ikalito sa platina at plutonyum.

Platino, ₀₀Pt

Platino
Bigkas	/ˈplætɪnəm/ ​(PLAT-in-əm)
Appearance	silvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Pt)
	195.084±0.009 195.08±0.02 (pinaikli)[1][2]
Platino sa talahanayang peryodiko
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson Pd ↑ Pt ↓ Ds iridium ← platino → gold
Group	10
Period	6
Block	d-block
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solido
Melting point	2041.4 K ​(1768.3 °C, ​3214.9 °F)
Boiling point	4098 K ​(3825 °C, ​6917 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	21.45 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	19.77 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	22.17 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	510 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.86 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 2330 (2550) 2815 3143 3556 4094
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (isang katamtamang panimulang oksido)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.28
Ionization energies	1st: 870 kJ/mol 2nd: 1791 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	empirical: 139 pm
Covalent radius	136±5 pm
Van der Waals radius	175 pm
Mga linyang espektral ng platino
Other properties
Crystal structure	​face-centered cubic (fcc)
Thermal expansion	8.8 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	71.6 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	105 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	+201.9 × 10−6 cm3/mol (290 K)[3]
Tensile strength	125–240 MPa
Young's modulus	168 GPa
Shear modulus	61 GPa
Bulk modulus	230 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	2800 m/s (at r.t.)
Poisson ratio	0.38
Mohs hardness	3.5
Vickers hardness	400–550 MPa
Brinell hardness	300–500 MPa
CAS Number	7440-06-4
History
Discovery	Antonio de Ulloa (1735)
Isotopes of platino t b
Template:infobox platino isotopes does not exist
Kategorya: Platino tingnan usapan baguhin | references