Titanyo

Ang titanyo o titanyum (Espanyol: titanio, Ingles: titanium) ay ang pangdalawangput-dalawa na elementong kimikal sa talaang peryodiko. Ang simbolo nito ay Ti at nagtataglay ng bilang atomiko na 22. Ito ay nangangalawa sa mga transisyong metal ng talaang peryodiko. Ito ay matibay, magaan, makisap at maputing elementong metaliko na matibay sa korosyon. Ginagamit sa pag-gawa ng mga piyesa ng eroplano at mga kasangkapang matibay sa init. Natuklasan noong 1791 ni W Gregor.

Titanium, ₂₂Ti

Titanium
Bigkas	/taɪˈteɪniəm/ (ty-TAY-nee-əm) /tᵻˈteɪniəm/[1] (tih-TAY-nee-əm)
Appearance	silvery grey-white metallic
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ti)
	47.867±0.001 47.867±0.001 (pinaikli)[2][3]
Titanium sa talahanayang peryodiko
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson – ↑ Ti ↓ Zr scandium ← titanium → vanadium
Atomikong bilang (Z)	22
Group	4
Period	4
Block	d-block
Electron configuration	[Ar] 3d2 4s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 10, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solido
Melting point	1941 K ​(1668 °C, ​3034 °F)
Boiling point	3560 K ​(3287 °C, ​5949 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	4.502 g/cm3 [4]
when liquid (at m.p.)	4.11 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	14.15 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	425 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.060 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1982 2171 (2403) 2692 3064 3558
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−2, −1, 0,[5] +1, +2, +3, +4[6] (isang anpoterong oksido)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.54
Ionization energies	1st: 658.8 kJ/mol 2nd: 1309.8 kJ/mol 3rd: 2652.5 kJ/mol (more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 147 pm
Covalent radius	160±8 pm
Mga linyang espektral ng titanium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordiyal
Crystal structure	​hexagonal close-packed (hcp) (hP2)
Lattice constants	a = 295.05 pm c = 468.33 pm (at 20 °C)[4]
Thermal expansion	9.68×10−6/K (at 20 °C)[a]
Thermal conductivity	21.9 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	420 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	+153.0×10−6 cm3/mol (293 K)[7]
Young's modulus	116 GPa
Shear modulus	44 GPa
Bulk modulus	110 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	5090 m/s (at r.t.)
Poisson ratio	0.32
Mohs hardness	6.0
Vickers hardness	830–3420 MPa
Brinell hardness	716–2770 MPa
CAS Number	7440-32-6
History
Discovery	William Gregor (1791)
First isolation	Jöns Jakob Berzelius (1825)
Named by	Martin Heinrich Klaproth (1795)
Isotopes of titanium t b
Main isotopes[8] Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 44Ti synth 59.1 y ε 44Sc 46Ti 8.25% stable 47Ti 7.44% stable 48Ti 73.7% stable 49Ti 5.41% stable 50Ti 5.18% stable
Kategorya: Titanium tingnan usapan baguhin | references