妄

妄 U+5984, 妄 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5984 ← 妃 [U+5983] CJK Unified Ideographs 妅 → [U+5985]

Stroke order

Translingual

Han character

妄 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 卜女女 (YVV), four-corner 0040₄, composition ⿱亡女)

Derived characters

• 侫, 𭇭, 𢙗, 𤥑, 𭾰, 𥿺, 𧊷, 𧧄, 𨦩, 𫱤, 𫙜, 𪦍, 𫱏

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 256, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6063
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1027, character 9
• Unihan data for U+5984

Chinese

trad.		妄
simp. #		妄
alternative forms		𡚶 𡔞

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 妄
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (亡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
忙	*maːŋ
芒	*maːŋ, *maŋ
茫	*maːŋ
恾	*maːŋ
吂	*maːŋ, *maːŋs
汒	*maːŋ, *maŋs
朚	*maːŋ, *hmaːŋ, *maŋ, *mraːŋ, *mraːŋs
邙	*maːŋ, *maŋ
杗	*maːŋ, *maŋ
荒	*hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs
肓	*hmaːŋ
衁	*hmaːŋ
巟	*hmaːŋ
詤	*hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ, *hmaŋʔ
慌	*hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ
謊	*hmaːŋʔ
喪	*smaːŋs, *smaːŋ
亡	*maŋ
望	*maŋ, *maŋs
莣	*maŋ
朢	*maŋ, *maŋs
鋩	*maŋ
硭	*maŋ
忘	*maŋ, *maŋs
网	*mlaŋʔ
罔	*mlaŋʔ
蛧	*maŋʔ
網	*mlaŋʔ
輞	*maŋʔ
棢	*maŋʔ
惘	*maŋʔ
菵	*maŋʔ
誷	*maŋʔ
魍	*maŋʔ
妄	*maŋs
盲	*mraːŋ
蝱	*mraːŋ
虻	*mraːŋ
氓	*mraːŋ
甿	*mraːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *maŋs) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): phonetic 亡 (OC *maŋ) + semantic 女 (“woman”).

With 亡 also including meanings of “loss” or “destruction”, this character can be interpreted as the loss (亡) of one's proper reason after being seduced by a woman (女).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wàng (wang⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄤˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mong⁵ / mong⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mong
• Eastern Min (BUC): uông
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): morng⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): bōng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bhuang²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶vaon

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wàng
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wàng
    • Wade–Giles: wang⁴
    • Yale: wàng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wanq
    • Palladius: ван (van)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɑŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: mong⁵ / mong⁶
    • Yale: móhng / mohng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mong⁵ / mong⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: mong⁵ / mong⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔːŋ¹³/, /mɔːŋ²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mong
    • Hakka Romanization System: mong
    • Hagfa Pinyim: mong⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /moŋ⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: uông
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uɔŋ²⁴²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: morng⁵
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: mō̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɒŋ¹¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: morng⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɒŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bōng
    • Tâi-lô: bōng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bong
    • IPA (Xiamen): /bɔŋ²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bɔŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔŋ²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /bɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔŋ³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: bhuang²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: buáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /buaŋ⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶vaon
    • MiniDict: vaon^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³vaan
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /vɑ̃²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: mjangH

Rime
Character	妄
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	巫放切
Baxter	mjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mʉɐŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/mʷiɐŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/miuɑŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/muaŋH/
Li Rong	/miuaŋH/
Wang Li	/mĭwaŋH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/miwaŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mong6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*maŋ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*maŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	妄
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wàng
Middle Chinese	‹ mjangH ›
Old Chinese	/*maŋ-s/
English	reckless
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	妄
Reading #	1/1
No.	12684
Phonetic component	亡
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	妄
Old Chinese	/*maŋs/

Definitions

妄

1. improper; unrighteous
2. absurd; foolish
3. reckless; wild; presumptuous
4. insolent; arrogant
5. wilfully; recklessly; presumptuously

Compounds

• 不敢妄言
• 任性妄為 / 任性妄为
• 僭妄 (jiànwàng)
• 塵妄 / 尘妄
• 大膽妄為 / 大胆妄为
• 妄下雌黃 / 妄下雌黄
• 妄人 (wàngrén)
• 妄作 (wàngzuò)
• 妄動 / 妄动 (wàngdòng)
• 妄圖 / 妄图 (wàngtú)
• 妄念
• 妄想 (wàngxiǎng)
• 妄想症 (wàngxiǎngzhèng)
• 妄求 (wàngqiú)
• 妄為 / 妄为 (wàngwéi)
• 妄生穿鑿 / 妄生穿凿
• 妄稱 / 妄称 (wàngchēng)
• 妄自尊大 (wàngzìzūndà)
• 妄自菲薄 (wàngzìfěibó)
• 妄言 (wàngyán)
• 妄言妄聽 / 妄言妄听
• 妄言輕動 / 妄言轻动
• 妄說 / 妄说
• 妄語 / 妄语 (wàngyǔ)
• 妄誕 / 妄诞 (wàngdàn)
• 妖妄
• 姑妄聽之 / 姑妄听之
• 姑妄言之
• 恣意妄為 / 恣意妄为 (zìyìwàngwéi)
• 恣意妄行
• 愚妄 (yúwàng)
• 無妄 / 无妄 (wúwàng)
• 無妄之災 / 无妄之灾 (wúwàngzhīzāi)
• 無妄之禍 / 无妄之祸
• 無妄之福 / 无妄之福
• 狂妄 (kuángwàng)
• 狂妄自大 (kuángwàngzìdà)
• 痴心妄想 (chīxīnwàngxiǎng)
• 目不妄視 / 目不妄视
• 真妄
• 瞽言妄舉 / 瞽言妄举
• 禍不妄至 / 祸不妄至
• 肆意妄為 / 肆意妄为
• 膽大妄為 / 胆大妄为
• 虛妄 / 虚妄 (xūwàng)
• 言十妄九
• 言狂意妄
• 誕妄 / 诞妄 (dànwàng)
• 謀虛逐妄 / 谋虚逐妄
• 謬妄 / 谬妄 (miùwàng)
• 譫妄 / 谵妄 (zhānwàng)
• 貪心妄想 / 贪心妄想
• 輕舉妄動 / 轻举妄动 (qīngjǔ-wàngdòng)
• 逞意妄為 / 逞意妄为
• 驕矜狂妄 / 骄矜狂妄

References

• “妄”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 妄

妄

(Jōyō kanji)

1. a lie
2. carelessly

Readings

• Go-on: もう (mō, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: ぼう (bō, Jōyō)
• Kun: みだりに (midari ni, 妄りに)

Compounds

• 妄言(もうげん) (mōgen), 妄言(ぼうげん) (bōgen)
• 妄信(もうしん) (mōshin), 妄信(ぼうしん) (bōshin)
• 妄説(もうせつ) (mōsetsu), 妄説(ぼうせつ) (bōsetsu)
• 妄想(もうそう) (mōsō), 妄想(ぼうそう) (bōsō)
• 妄誕(もうたん) (mōtan), 妄誕(ぼうたん) (bōtan): groundlessness, additionally, groundless talk
• 妄動(もうどう) (mōdō), 妄動(ぼうどう) (bōdō)
• 妄念(もうねん) (mōnen)

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean Readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ma̠ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [망]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

妄

妄 (eumhun 허망할 망 (heomanghal mang))

1. hanja form^? of 망 (“absurd, foolish, reckless”)
2. hanja form^? of 망 (“false”)

Compounds

• 망념 (妄念, mangnyeom)

Vietnamese

Han character

妄: Hán Nôm readings: vọng, vòng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.