忙

See also: 忘

忙 U+5FD9, 忙 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FD9 ← 忘 [U+5FD8] CJK Unified Ideographs 忚 → [U+5FDA]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

忙 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 心卜女 (PYV), four-corner 9001₀, composition ⿰忄亡)

Derived characters

• 𦮝

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 377, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10334
• Dae Jaweon: page 703, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2272, character 16
• Unihan data for U+5FD9

Chinese

trad.		忙
simp. #		忙
alternative forms		芒 茫

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (亡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
忙	*maːŋ
芒	*maːŋ, *maŋ
茫	*maːŋ
恾	*maːŋ
吂	*maːŋ, *maːŋs
汒	*maːŋ, *maŋs
朚	*maːŋ, *hmaːŋ, *maŋ, *mraːŋ, *mraːŋs
邙	*maːŋ, *maŋ
杗	*maːŋ, *maŋ
荒	*hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs
肓	*hmaːŋ
衁	*hmaːŋ
巟	*hmaːŋ
詤	*hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ, *hmaŋʔ
慌	*hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ
謊	*hmaːŋʔ
喪	*smaːŋs, *smaːŋ
亡	*maŋ
望	*maŋ, *maŋs
莣	*maŋ
朢	*maŋ, *maŋs
鋩	*maŋ
硭	*maŋ
忘	*maŋ, *maŋs
网	*mlaŋʔ
罔	*mlaŋʔ
蛧	*maŋʔ
網	*mlaŋʔ
輞	*maŋʔ
棢	*maŋʔ
惘	*maŋʔ
菵	*maŋʔ
誷	*maŋʔ
魍	*maŋʔ
妄	*maŋs
盲	*mraːŋ
蝱	*mraːŋ
虻	*mraːŋ
氓	*mraːŋ
甿	*mraːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *maːŋ): semantic 忄 + phonetic 亡 (OC *maŋ). Doublet of 忘 (OC *maŋ, *maŋs).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): máng (mang²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄤˊ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): мон (mon, I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mong⁴

• Gan (Wiktionary): mong⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): mông

  (Meixian, Guangdong): mong²

• Jin (Wiktionary): mon¹
• Northern Min (KCR): mǒ̤ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): mòng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): morng²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): bâng / bông

  (Teochew, Peng'im): mang⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶maon
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): man²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: máng
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: máng
    • Wade–Giles: mang²
    • Yale: máng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mang
    • Palladius: ман (man)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɑŋ³⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: мон (mon, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɑŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
    • Jyutping: mong⁴
    • Yale: mòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: mong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔːŋ²¹/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: mong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔŋ³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mông
    • Hakka Romanization System: mong^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: mong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /moŋ²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: mong²
    • Sinological IPA: /mɔŋ¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: mon¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /mɒ̃¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mǒ̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔŋ²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: mòng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mouŋ⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: morng²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: mó̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɒŋ¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: morng²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɒŋ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bâng / bông
    • Tâi-lô: bâng / bông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: baang, boong
    • IPA (Xiamen): /baŋ²⁴/, /bɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /baŋ²⁴/, /bɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /baŋ¹³/, /bɔŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /baŋ²⁴/, /bɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /baŋ²³/, /bɔŋ²³/

Note: bâng - vernacular, bông - literary.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: mang⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /maŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶maon
    • MiniDict: maon^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³maan
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mɑ̃²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: man²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /man¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: mang

Rime
Character	忙
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	莫郎切
Baxter	mang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/mɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/mɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/maŋ/
Li Rong	/mɑŋ/
Wang Li	/mɑŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	máng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mong4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤaŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*maːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	忙
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	máng
Middle Chinese	‹ mang ›
Old Chinese	/*mˁaŋ/
English	flurried
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	忙
Reading #	1/1
No.	12639
Phonetic component	亡
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	茫
Old Chinese	/*maːŋ/
Notes	同恾方言作茫

Definitions

忙

1. busy; bustling

   你最近忙嗎？／你最近忙吗？  ―  Nǐ zuìjìn máng ma?  ―  Have you been busy lately?

2. to be busy (with something)

   我最近忙著考試。 [MSC, trad.]
   我最近忙着考试。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ zuìjìn máng zhe kǎoshì. [Pinyin]

   I've been busy with exams as of late.

3. hurried; rushed; flustered
4. to hurry; to rush
5. favor (when used as a component of the separable verb 幫忙)

   你能不能幫我一個忙？ [MSC, trad.]
   你能不能帮我一个忙？ [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐ néng bù néng bāng wǒ yī ge máng? [Pinyin]

   Can you do me a favor?

6. a surname

Synonyms

• (busy):

edit

• 冗忙 (rǒngmáng) (literary)
• 刺促 (literary)
• 忙忙 (mángmáng) (literary)
• 忙碌 (mánglù)
• 煩忙 / 烦忙 (fánmáng) (literary)
• 繁忙 (fánmáng)

Dialectal synonyms of 忙 (“busy”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		忙, 忙碌
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	忙
	Taiwan	忙
	Harbin	忙
	Singapore	忙
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	忙
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	忙
	Xi'an	忙
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	忙
	Wuhan	忙
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	忙
	Hefei	忙
Cantonese	Guangzhou	唔得閒, 忙
	Hong Kong	唔得閒, 忙
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	唔得閒
	Macau	唔得閒
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	唔得閒
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	忙, 唔得閒
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	唔得閒
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	唔得閒
	Foshan	唔得閒
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	唔得閒
	Foshan (Shunde)	唔得閒
	Foshan (Sanshui)	忙, 唔得閒
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	忙, 唔得閒
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	唔得閒
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	唔得閒
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	唔得閒
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	唔得閒
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	唔得閒
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	唔得閒
	Taishan	唔得閒
	Kaiping (Chikan)	唔得閒
	Enping (Niujiang)	唔得閒
	Heshan (Yayao)	忙, 唔得閒
	Dongguan	唔得閒
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	唔得閒
	Yangjiang	無得閒
	Singapore (Guangfu)	唔得閒, 忙
Gan	Nanchang	忙
Hakka	Meixian	忙, 無閒, 唔閒
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	唔得閒
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	唔得閒
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	唔得閒
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	唔得閒
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	唔閒
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	無閒
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	無閒
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	無閒
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	無閒
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	無閒
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	無閒
Huizhou	Jixi	忙
Jin	Taiyuan	忙
Northern Min	Jian'ou	無工, 忙
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	無閒, 忙
Southern Min	Xiamen	無閒
	Quanzhou	無閒
	Zhangzhou	無閒
	Kaohsiung	無時閒
	Yilan	無閒
	Changhua (Lukang)	無閒
	Taichung	無閒
	Taichung (Wuqi)	無閒
	Tainan	無閒
	Taitung	無閒
	Hsinchu	無閒
	Penghu (Magong)	無閒
	Singapore (Hokkien)	無閒
	Manila (Hokkien)	無閒
	Chaozhou	唔閒
	Jieyang	唔閒
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	唔得閒
Wu	Shanghai	忙
	Suzhou	忙
	Danyang	忙
	Ningbo	忙
	Wenzhou	忙
Xiang	Changsha	忙
	Shuangfeng	忙

• (to be busy with something): 忙碌 (mánglù)

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “busy”): 閒／闲 (xián)

Compounds

• 不忙不暴
• 不慌不忙
• 不用忙
• 不荒不忙
• 不著忙
• 不要忙
• 促忙 (cùmáng)
• 促忙促急
• 倉忙 / 仓忙 (cāngmáng)
• 公忙
• 冗忙 (rǒngmáng)
• 匆匆忙忙 (cōngcōngmángmáng)
• 匆忙 (cōngmáng)
• 大力幫忙 / 大力帮忙
• 大忙人 (dàmángrén)
• 奔忙 (bēnmáng)
• 幫倒忙 / 帮倒忙 (bāng dào máng)
• 幫忙 / 帮忙 (bāngmáng)
• 心忙意急
• 忙上加忙
• 忙不擇價 / 忙不择价
• 忙不迭地
• 忙不迭的
• 忙不過來 / 忙不过来
• 忙中有錯 / 忙中有错
• 忙亂 / 忙乱 (mángluàn)
• 忙了手腳 / 忙了手脚
• 忙作一團 / 忙作一团
• 忙併 / 忙并
• 忙劫
• 忙劫劫
• 忙哈哈
• 忙工
• 忙忙 (mángmáng)
• 忙忙劫劫
• 忙忙叨叨
• 忙忙急急
• 忙忙碌碌
• 忙惚兒 / 忙惚儿
• 忙手忙腳 / 忙手忙脚
• 忙投急趁
• 忙月 (mángyuè)
• 忙活
• 忙熱 / 忙热
• 忙碌 (mánglù)
• 忙裡偷閒 / 忙里偷闲 (mánglǐtōuxián)
• 忙迫
• 忙逼
• 急忙 (jímáng)
• 急急忙忙
• 意急心忙
• 慌忙 (huāngmáng)
• 慌忙無措 / 慌忙无措 (huāngmáng wúcuò)
• 慌慌忙忙
• 慌手忙腳 / 慌手忙脚
• 手忙腳亂 / 手忙脚乱 (shǒumángjiǎoluàn)
• 手慌腳忙 / 手慌脚忙
• 擺忙 / 摆忙
• 春忙
• 會家不忙 / 会家不忙
• 添忙
• 無事忙 / 无事忙
• 煩忙 / 烦忙 (fánmáng)
• 疾忙 (jímáng)
• 白忙
• 百忙中
• 百般忙亂 / 百般忙乱
• 瞎忙 (xiāmáng)
• 窮忙 / 穷忙 (qióngmáng)
• 繁忙 (fánmáng)
• 胡擄忙亂 / 胡掳忙乱
• 腳忙手亂 / 脚忙手乱
• 荒忙
• 著忙
• 趕忙 / 赶忙 (gǎnmáng)
• 農忙 / 农忙 (nóngmáng)
• 連忙 / 连忙 (liánmáng)
• 鬧忙 / 闹忙

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “忙”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 151.

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 忙

忙

(Jōyō kanji)

1. busy

Readings

• Go-on: もう (mō)
• Kan-on: ぼう (bō, Jōyō)
• Kun: いそがしい (isogashii, 忙しい, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 多忙(たぼう) (tabō)
• 忙殺(ぼうさつ) (bōsatsu)
• 忙中閑(ぼうちゅうかん) (bōchūkan)

Korean

Hanja

忙 (eumhun 바쁠 망 (bappeul mang))

1. hanja form^? of 망 (“busy”)

Vietnamese

Han character

忙: Hán Nôm readings: mang

1. chữ Hán form of mang (“busy”)